Progression of Hearing Loss in Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis: Correlation with Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytochemistry

1993 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Bhatt ◽  
A. Lauretano ◽  
C. Cabellos ◽  
C. Halpin ◽  
R. A. Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

scholarly journals Inhibition of Leukocyte Entry into the Brain by the Selectin Blocker Fucoidin Decreases Interleukin-1 (IL-1) Levels but Increases IL-8 Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid during Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis in Rabbits

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 3153-3157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Østergaard ◽  
Runa Vavia Yieng-Kow ◽  
Thomas Benfield ◽  
Niels Frimodt-Møller ◽  
Frank Espersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

ABSTRACT The polysaccharide fucoidin is a selectin blocker that inhibits leukocyte recruitment into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during experimental pneumococcal meningitis. In the present study, the effect of fucoidin treatment on the release of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and IL-8 into the CSF was investigated. Rabbits (n = 7) were treated intravenously with 10 mg of fucoidin/kg of body weight every second hour starting 4 h after intracisternal inoculation of ∼106 CFU of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 (untreated control group, n = 7). CSF samples were obtained every second hour during a 16-h study period. Treatment with fucoidin caused a consistent and significant decrease in CSF IL-1 levels (in picograms per milliliter) between 12 and 16 h (0 versus 170, 0 versus 526, and 60 versus 1,467, respectively;P < 0.02). A less consistent decrease in CSF TNF-α levels was observed in the fucoidin-treated group, but with no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). In contrast, there was no attenuation in CSF IL-8 levels. Indeed, there was a significant increase in CSF IL-8 levels (in picograms per milliliter) in the fucoidin-treated group at 10 and 12 h (921 versus 574 and 1,397 versus 569, respectively;P < 0.09). In conclusion, our results suggest that blood-derived leukocytes mainly are responsible for the release of IL-1 and to some degree TNF-α into the CSF during pneumococcal meningitis, whereas IL-8 may be produced by local cells within the brain.

scholarly journals Attenuation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Inflammation by the Nonbacteriolytic Antibiotic Daptomycin versus That by Ceftriaxone in Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1323-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Grandgirard ◽  
Kevin Oberson ◽  
Angela Bühlmann ◽  
Rahel Gäumann ◽  
Stephen L. Leib
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Infant Rat ◽  
Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

ABSTRACT Antibiotic-induced bacteriolysis exacerbates inflammation and brain damage in bacterial meningitis. Here the quality and temporal kinetics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammation were assessed in an infant rat pneumococcal meningitis model for the nonbacteriolytic antibiotic daptomycin versus ceftriaxone. Daptomycin led to lower CSF concentrations of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-10, IL-18, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α) (P < 0.05). In experimental pneumococcal meningitis, daptomycin treatment resulted in more rapid bacterial killing, lower CSF inflammation, and less brain damage than ceftriaxone treatment.

scholarly journals Gemifloxacin Is Effective in Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smirnov ◽  
A. Wellmer ◽  
J. Gerber ◽  
K. Maier ◽  
S. Henne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Csf Levels ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

ABSTRACT In a rabbit model of Streptococcus pneumoniaemeningitis, 5 mg of gemifloxacin mesylate (SB-265805) per kg/h reduced the bacterial titers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) almost as rapidly as 10 mg of ceftriaxone per kg/h (Δlog CFU/ml/h ± standard deviation [SD], −0.25 ± 0.09 versus −0.38 ± 0.11; serum and CSF concentrations of gemifloxacin were 2.1 ± 1.4 mg/liter and 0.59 ± 0.38 mg/liter, respectively, at 24 h). Coadministration of 1 mg of dexamethasone per kg did not affect gemifloxacin serum and CSF levels (2.7 ± 1.4 mg/liter and 0.75 ± 0.34 mg/liter, respectively, at 24 h) or activity (Δlog CFU/ml/h ± SD, −0.26 ± 0.11).

scholarly journals MyD88‐Dependent Immune Response Contributes to Hearing Loss in Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 195 (8) ◽  
pp. 1189-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Klein ◽  
Caroline Schmidt ◽  
Stefan Kastenbauer ◽  
Robert Paul ◽  
Carsten J. Kirschning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

scholarly journals Metformin mediates neuroprotection and attenuates hearing loss in experimental pneumococcal meningitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Muri ◽  
Ngoc Dung Le ◽  
Jonas Zemp ◽  
Denis Grandgirard ◽  
Stephen L. Leib
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

scholarly journals Daptomycin Produces an Enhanced Bactericidal Activity Compared to Ceftriaxone, Measured by [3H]Choline Release in the Cerebrospinal Fluid, in Experimental Meningitis Due to a Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococcal Strain without Lysing Its Cell Wall

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 2249-2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stucki ◽  
M. Cottagnoud ◽  
V. Winkelmann ◽  
T. Schaffner ◽  
P. Cottagnoud
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Cell Wall Lysis ◽  
Pneumococcal Strain ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

ABSTRACT Daptomycin monotherapy was superior to ceftriaxone monotherapy and was highly efficacious in experimental pneumococcal meningitis, sterilizing the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of three of three rabbits after 4 to 6 h. With daptomycin therapy only a negligible release of [3H]choline as marker of cell wall lysis was detectable in the CSF, peaking around 250 cpm/min after 4 h, compared to a peak of around 2,400 cpm/min after 4 to 6 h for the ceftriaxone-treated rabbits.

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