Levels of Soluble CD14 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors 1 and 2 may be predictive of death in Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Abstract People infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) display a wide range of illness, from asymptomatic infection to severe respiratory distress resulting in death. We measured serum biomarkers in uninfected individuals and in individuals with mild, moderate, or critical COVID-19 disease. Levels of monocyte activation (sCD14 and FABP4) and inflammation (TNFR1 and 2) were increased in COVID-19 individuals, regardless of disease severity. Among patients with critical disease, individuals who recovered from COVID-19 had lower levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 at hospital admission compared to these levels in patients with critical disease that ultimately died.

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779 Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors reflect neuroendocrine-metabolic alterations rather than hemodynamic derangement in patients with heart failure

European Journal of Heart Failure Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1567-4215(05)80485-0 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 177-177

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors ◽

Metabolic Alterations ◽

Patients With Heart Failure ◽

Necrosis Factor

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Effect of serine protease inhibitors on the expression of cell surface and soluble forms of two types of tumor necrosis factor receptors

Immunology Letters ◽

10.1016/s0165-2478(97)87943-6 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 56 (1-3) ◽

pp. 276

Author(s):

E Pócsik

Keyword(s):

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Serine Protease ◽

Protease Inhibitors ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Serine Protease Inhibitors ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors ◽

Necrosis Factor

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Kaempferol Improves TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis in Leukemia MOLT-4 Cells by the Inhibition of Anti-apoptotic Proteins and Promotion of Death Receptors Expression

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520619666190731155859 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (15) ◽

pp. 1835-1845

Author(s):

Ali Hassanzadeh ◽

Adel Naimi ◽

Majid F. Hagh ◽

Raedeh Saraei ◽

Faroogh Marofi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Annexin V ◽

Death Receptors ◽

Target Cells ◽

Wide Range ◽

Apoptotic Proteins ◽

Necrosis Factor

Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL or Apo2L) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, which stimulates apoptosis in a wide range of cancer cells via binding to death receptors 4 and 5 (DR4/5). Nevertheless, TRAIL has noticeable anti-cancer abilities; some cancer cells acquire resistance to TRAIL, and consequently its potential for inducing apoptosis in target cells is strongly diminished. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4 cell line is one of the most resistant cells to TRAIL that developed resistance to TRAIL via different pathways. We used TRAIL plus kaempferol to eliminate resistance of the MOLT-4 cells to TRAIL. Material and Methods: First, IC50 for kaempferol (95 µM) was determined by using the MTT assay. Second, the viability of the MOLT-4 cells was assayed by FACS after Annexin V/PI staining, following treatment with TRAIL (50 and 100 nM) and kaempferol (95 µM) alone and together. Finally, the expression levels of the candidate genes involved in resistance to TRAIL were assayed by real-time PCR technique. Results: Kaempferol plus TRAIL induced apoptosis robustly in MOLT-4 cells at 12, 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Additionally, we found that kaempferol could inhibit expression of the c-FLIP, X-IAP, cIAP1/2, FGF-8 and VEGF-beta, and conversely augment expression of the DR4/5 in MOLT-4 cells. Conclusion: We suggest that co-treatment of MOLT-4 cells with TRAIL plus kaempferol is a practical and attractive approach to eliminate cancers’ resistance to TRAIL via inhibition of the intracellular anti-apoptotic proteins, upregulation of DR4/5 and also by suppression of the VEGF-beta (VEGFB) and FGF-8 expressions.

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