scholarly journals Erratum to: Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae complex isolates from pigs and humans in farms in Thailand: population genomic structure, antibiotic resistance and virulence genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thongpan Leangapichart ◽  
Kamonwan Lunha ◽  
Jatesada Jiwakanon ◽  
Sunpetch Angkititrakul ◽  
Josef D Järhult ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Population Genomic

Virulence characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its relation with ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase associated resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elghar Soltani ◽  
Alka Hasani ◽  
Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee ◽  
Tahereh Pirzadeh ◽  
Mahin Ahangar Oskouee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Virulence Trait ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background and Objectives: Trend analysis reveals that Klebsiella pneumoniae has witnessed a steep enhancement in the antibiotic resistance and virulence over the last few decades. The present investigation aimed at a comprehensive approach investigating antibiotic susceptibility including, extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamase (AmpC) resistance and the prevalence of virulence genes among the K. pneumoniae isolates. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained from various clinical infections. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by disk diffusion method. The Mast® D68C test detected the presence of ESBLs and AmpCs phenotypically, and later presence of ESBL and AmpC genes was observed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Multi- plex-PCR was performed to investigate various virulence genes. CMY-2   Results: Amongst 61 K. pneumoniae isolates, 59% were observed as ESBL and 14.7% as AmpC producers. All ESBL   CTX-M-15   producers were positive for bla   CTX-M-15   , while bla   CTX-M-14   was observed in 54.1% isolates. The frequency of AmpC genes was   CMY-2   as follows: bla   CMY-2   (60.7%) and bla   DHA-1   (34.4%). The most frequent virulence genes were those encoding enterobactin and   DHA-1   lipopolysaccharide. Presence of mrkD was associated with bla   CMY-2   DHA-1   gene, while bla   significantly (p≤0.05) correlated   DHA-1   with the presence of iutA and rmpA virulence genes. bla   positive isolates had urine as a significant source, while bla   positive isolates were mainly collected from wound exudates (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Our results highlight that ESBL and AmpC production along with a plethora of virulence trait on K. pneumoni- ae should be adequately considered to assess its pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance.  

scholarly journals Virulence Factors, Antibiotic Resistance patterns, and Molecular Types of Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella Pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitra Ahmadi ◽  
Payam Behzadi ◽  
Reza Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Esbl Producers

Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is armed with a wide range of antibiotic resistance mechanisms which mostly challenges effective treatment. Due to this fact, the aims of the current study were to identify the clinical strains of K . pneumoniae as well as to determine their phenotypes and molecular characterization related to antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. Methods In this investigation, specimens from a hospital and different laboratories located in Shahr-e-Qods, Tehran, Iran were collected during a period of nine-month (December 2018 to August 2019). The isolated strains of K. pneumoniae were then identified through standard microbial and biochemical assays. Additionally, disk diffusion, combined disk, modified Hodge test and PCR were performed for antibiotic resistance of the strains and virulence genes profiling, respectively. The molecular typing was accomplished by ERIC-PCR. Results Eighty-four isolates of K. pneumoniae were identified and subjected to the study. Fifty- two percent of the isolated strains of K. pneumoniae were detected as multidrug resistant (MDR) pathotypes with the highest resistance to ceftriaxone (65%) and the lowest resistance to colistin (23%). Twenty-seven (52%) out of 52 (100%) MDR pathotypes of isolated K. pneumoniae were identified as ESBL producers. According to Modified Hodge Test (MHT) results, out of 24 resistant strains of isolated K. pneumoniae to imipenem and meropenem, 15 pathotypes (62.5%) were detected as KPC producers. The gene of blaCTX (encoding carbapenemase) with 96% ranked first, while the blaKPC gene with the prevalence of 71% ranked second among ESBL producers. The aminoglycoside resistance gene of Aac6-Ib showed the highest frequency with the prevalence percentage of 90%. The virulence genes of mrkD (94%) and magA (11%) were the highest and lowest among isolates, respectively. According to ERIC-PCR results the isolated strains of K. pneumoniae were divided into four clusters in which the cluster 4 was predominant group. Conclusions The high prevalence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in conjunction with a significant relationship between the strains reveals a high pathogenic capacity of the isolated pathotypes of K. pneumoniae . These findings emphasize the choose of more effective antibiotic regimens for treatment of infections caused by K. pneumoniae. Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae , antibiotic resistance, ESBL, virulence genes, molecular typing.

scholarly journals Plasmidome AMR screening (PAMRS) workflow: a rapid screening workflow for phenotypic characterization of antibiotic resistance in plasmidomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Kwabena Obeng Duedu ◽  
Joana Qwansima Mends ◽  
Reuben Ayivor-Djanie ◽  
Priscilla Efua Essandoh ◽  
Emmanuel Mawuli Nattah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Genomic Tools ◽  
Plasmid Extraction ◽  
Bottle Neck

Background: Phenotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria has remained the gold standard for investigation and monitoring of what resistance is present in an organism. However, the process is laborious and not attractive for screening multiple plasmids from a microbial community (plasmidomes). Instead, genomic tools are used, but a major bottle neck that presence of genes does not always translate into phenotypes. Methods: We designed the plasmidome AMR screening (PAMRS) workflow to investigate the presence of antibiotic resistant phenotypes in a plasmidome using Escherichia coli as a host organism. Plasmidomes were extracted from the faecal matter of chicken, cattle and humans using commercial plasmid extraction kits. Competent E. coli cells were transformed and evaluated using disk diffusion. Thirteen antibiotic resistant phenotypes were screened. Results: Here, we show that multiple antibiotic resistant phenotypes encoded by plasmids can be rapidly screened simultaneously using the PAMRS workflow. E. coli was able to pick up to 7, 5 or 8 resistant phenotypes from a single plasmidome from chicken, cattle or humans, respectively. Resistance to ceftazidime was the most frequently picked up phenotype in humans (52.6%) and cattle (90.5%), whereas in chickens, the most picked up resistant phenotype was resistance to co-trimoxazole, ceftriaxone and ampicillin (18.4% each). Conclusions: This workflow is a novel tool that could facilitate studies to evaluate the occurrence and expression of plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance in microbial communities and their associated plasmid-host ranges. It could find application in the screening of plasmid-encoded virulence genes.

scholarly journals Vibrios from the Norwegian marine environment: Characterization of associated antibiotic resistance and virulence genes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Håkonsholm ◽  
Bjørn Tore Lunestad ◽  
Jose Roberto Aguirre Sánchez ◽  
Jaime Martinez‐Urtaza ◽  
Nachiket Prakash Marathe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Virulence Genes

scholarly journals Characterization of Vibrio cholerae isolates from freshwater sources in northwest Ohio

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Daboul ◽  
Logan Weghorst ◽  
Cara DeAngelis ◽  
Sarah Plecha ◽  
Jessica Saul-McBeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World

AbstractVibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of aquatic ecosystems worldwide, typically residing in coastal or brackish water. While more than 200 serogroups have been identified, only serogroups O1 and O139 have been associated with epidemic cholera. However, infections other than cholera can be caused by nonepidemic, non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains, including gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections. While V. cholerae can also survive in freshwater, that is typically only observed in regions of the world where cholera is endemic. We recently isolated V. cholerae from several locations in lakes and rivers in northwest Ohio. These isolates were all found to be non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains, that would not cause cholera. However, these isolates contained a variety of virulence genes, including ctxA, rtxA, rtxC, hlyA, and ompU. Therefore, it is possible that some of these isolates have the potential to cause gastroenteritis or other infections in humans. We also investigated the relative motility of the isolates and their ability to form biofilms as this is important for V. cholerae survival in the environment. We identified one isolate that forms very robust biofilms, up to 4x that of our laboratory control strains. Finally, we investigated the susceptibility of these isolates to a panel of antibiotics. We found that many of the isolates showed decreased susceptibility to some of the antibiotics tested, which could be of concern. While we do not know if these isolates are pathogenic to humans, increased surveillance to better understand the public health risk to the local community should be considered.ImportanceThis study found that Vibrio cholerae belonging to non-O1/non-O139 serogroups is present in freshwater lakes and rivers in northwest Ohio. Although non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains generally do not produce cholera toxin, and thus do not cause epidemic cholera, they often contain other virulence factors that may contribute to pathogenicity. In fact, we found that these local isolates contained an assortment of potential virulence genes. We also found that some of the isolates showed antibiotic resistance. While we do not currently know if the local V. cholerae strains are capable of causing disease in humans, increased monitoring for V. cholerae in the region is warranted in the interest of public health.

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