Preparation of Reference Water and Soil Samples for Performance Evaluation of Volatile Organic Analysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 823-827
Author(s):  
Michael P Maskarinec ◽  
Lynne H Johnson ◽  
Charles K Bayne
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic Analysis ◽  
Volatile Organics ◽  
Spike Solution ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Water And Soil Samples ◽  
Refrigerator Temperature ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Methodology was developed to reproducibly prepare performance evaluation materials for volatile organics analysis in soils and waters. Tedlar gas sampling bags are used to prepare the volatile organics spike solutions. The bags allow large volumes of sample or spike solution to be prepared to a high degree of homogeneity while using less methanol. Preparation of a large volume of sample or spike solution allows for increased accuracy of fortification. The accuracy is generally ±20% or better, and the precision is generally ±10% or better for water samples. The precision for preparation of soil samples is also good, but the accuracy suffers from variable recovery efficiencies from the soils. Most volatile organics were well preserved in 3 water samples by storage at refrigerator temperature for 14 days.

Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Water and Soil Samples by Purge-and-Membrane Mass Spectrometry

1998 ◽  
Vol 70 (14) ◽  
pp. 3028-3032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Kostiainen ◽  
Tapio Kotiaho ◽  
Ismo Mattila ◽  
Timo Mansikka ◽  
Marja Ojala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Water And Soil Samples

scholarly journals Trace and Heavy Metal Contamination Status of Soil and Water in Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining Vicinity in Kuchiko-Hausa, Gurara LGA, Niger State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Sani Aliyu Haruna ◽  
Amanabo Musa ◽  
Gbodi Timothy Ayinla
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Water And Soil Samples

Mining activities have long been recognized as a major source of environmental contamination associated with heavy metals. In this study, ten (10) trace metals namely As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn were analysed from water (stream, river and borehole) and soil (surface and sub-soil) samples collected from around the artisanal and small scale gold mining site within the vicinity in Kuchiko-Hausa, Gurara LGA, Niger State, Nigeria using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The result from the water and soil samples showed the while all the investigated trace metals were absent from all the water samples, Hg was only found with concentration of 0.006 and 0.0053 mg/mL for the stream and river water samples, the soil samples showed the presence of all the trace metals except Cd and Co with As and Cr found only in the surface soil. All detected trace metals in the samples were all lower than the WHO permissible limits. Periodic and systematic study of the investigated and other metals concentrations is therefore recommended since long-term exposure of these metals poses significant health risk for human, animals and plants.

scholarly journals Multi-drug resistant pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes in surface water and soil samples of Dhaka city

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Shifat E Manjur ◽  
Shahariar Siddique ◽  
Sangita Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Water And Soil Samples ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Listeria monocytogenes, the causative agent of human listeriosis is widely distributed in nature and a major threat to human health. Aiming to investigate the environmental distribution of this pathogen in Bangladesh, the current study conducted an initial investigation on 30 soil samples and 20 surface water samples for the presence of the pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes. Based on cultural, morphological, biochemical tests and presence of the virulent gene hly, 7 (14%) Listeria monocytogenes were obtained of which, surface water samples contained four Listeria monocytogenes (15%) while, three Listeria spp. (13.33%) were isolated from soil samples. Antibiotic resistance profile of the Listeria isolates showed that 100% isolates were resistant to erythromycin and resistance to oxacillin, ampicillin, sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim and penicillin was 71%, 57%, 43% and 43% respectively. 71% Listeira monocytogenes isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and 100% sensitivity was observed to imipenem. This study shows that multi-drug resistant pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes is widely spread in soil and water samples in Dhaka and imposes great risk to public health. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 33, Number 1-2, June-Dec 2016, pp 39-42

Survival Characteristics of E. coli K-12 Strain and Genetically Modified E. coli K-12 SGM2.0pyc-int Strain in Natural and Anthropogenic Water and Soil Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
V.S. Kuligin ◽  
O.A. Zhuravliova ◽  
V.G. Debabov
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Water And Soil Samples ◽  
K 12

The survival time of the E. coli K-12 strain and the genetically modified E. coli K-12 SGM2.0pyc-int strain developed on its basis, a producer of succinic acid, has been determined in various natural and anthropogenically contaminated water and soil samples. The dynamics of the abundance of both strains in water samples from a well, a pond and a sewer collector was evaluated. It was found that within 10 days of the experiment, the cells of both strains died in all water samples. The highest dynamics of cell death, within 4 days, was observed in the wastewater from the collector. The survival rate of both strains in the same environment was similar; however, there was a tendency towards lower viability of the genetically modified producer. In the sod-podzolic and urbanozem soil samples, the growth of the studied strains was suppressed regardless of the type of soil. The absence of viable E. coli K-12 and E. coli K-12 SGM2.0pyc-int cells was observed after 10 and 7 days of incubation, respectively. The results indicate a high level of safety of the genetically modified E. coli K-12 SGM2.0pyc-int strain and the lack of its competition with microflora of water and soil samples from natural and anthropogenic sources. Escherichia coli K-12, genetically modified microorganisms, survival, natural ecosystems, environmental monitoring The authors are grateful to the Russian State Collection of Industrial Microorganisms National Bio-Resource Center (BRC VKPM), State Research Institute for Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, for providing bacterial strains. We thank A. D. Novikov, a researcher of the Kurchatov Genomic Center - GosNIIgenetica, for participation in the planning of experiments and discussion of the results and Zakharova M.V., Associate Professor of the Department of Theory of State and Law of the O.E. Kutafin University (MGUA) for legal advice in the preparation of regulatory and legal documentation on genetic safety. The work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-29-14005).

scholarly journals Effectiveness of nanoscale zero-valent iron for the immobilization of Cu and/or Ni in water and soil samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gil-Díaz ◽  
M. A. Álvarez ◽  
J. Alonso ◽  
M. C. Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Relevant Effect ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Water And Soil Samples ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase

Abstract In the last few years, the effectiveness of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) as a treatment for polluted waters and soils has been widely studied. However, little data are available on its efficacy for metal immobilization at low and moderate doses. In this study, the effectiveness of two doses of commercial nZVI (1 and 5%) to immobilize Cu and/or Ni in water and acidic soil samples was evaluated. The influence of the nanoremediation technology on iron availability, physico-chemical soil properties and soil phytotoxicity was also assessed. The results show that the effectiveness of nZVI to immobilize Cu and Ni in water and soil samples was determined by the dose of the nanomaterial and the presence of both metals. Nickel immobilization was significantly decreased by the presence of Cu but the opposite effect was not observed. nZVI showed better immobilization capacity in water than in soil samples. In water, the dose of 5% completely removed both metals, whereas at a lower dose (1%) the percentage of immobilized metal decreased, especially for Ni in Cu + Ni samples. In soil samples, 5% nZVI was more effective in immobilizing Ni than Cu, with a 54% and 21% reduction of leachability, respectively, in single contaminated samples. In Cu + Ni soil samples, nZVI treatment led to a significant decrease in Ni immobilization, similar to that observed in water samples. The application of nZVI induced a dose-dependent increase in available Fe—a relevant effect in the context of soil rehabilitation. Germination assays of Medicago sativa and Vicia sativa seeds revealed that treatment with nZVI did not induce phytotoxicity under the experimental conditions tested, and that the phytotoxicity induced by Ni decreased significantly after the treatment. Thus, the use of nZVI emerges as an interesting option for Cu and/or Ni immobilization in water samples. The effectiveness of nZVI to remove Cu from acidic soil samples was moderate, while for Ni it was strongly dependent on the presence of Cu. These observations therefore indicate that the results in water samples cannot be extrapolated to soil samples.

scholarly journals Investigation on Distribution and Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Surface Water, Sediment, and Soil in a Chemical Industrial Park and Adjacent Area

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5988
Author(s):  
Rongrong Lei ◽  
Yamei Sun ◽  
Shuai Zhu ◽  
Tianqi Jia ◽  
Yunchen He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
River Water ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Chemical Industrial Park

The occurrences, distributions, and risks of 55 target volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water, sediment, sludge, and soil samples taken from a chemical industrial park and the adjacent area were investigated in this study. The Σ55-VOCs concentrations in the water, sediment, sludge, and soil samples were 1.22–5449.21 μg L−1, ND–52.20 ng g−1, 21.53 ng g−1, and ND–11.58 ng g−1, respectively. The main products in this park are medicines, pesticides, and novel materials. As for the species of VOCs, aromatic hydrocarbons were the dominant VOCs in the soil samples, whereas halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons were the dominant VOCs in the water samples. The VOCs concentrations in water samples collected at different locations varied by 1–3 orders of magnitude, and the average concentration in river water inside the park was obviously higher than that in river water outside the park. However, the risk quotients for most of the VOCs indicated a low risk to the relevant, sensitive aquatic organisms in the river water. The average VOCs concentration in soil from the park was slightly higher than that from the adjacent area. This result showed that the chemical industrial park had a limited impact on the surrounding soil, while the use of pesticides, incomplete combustion of coal and biomass, and automobile exhaust emissions are all potential sources of the VOCs in the environmental soil. The results of this study could be used to evaluate the effects of VOCs emitted from chemical production and transportation in the park on the surrounding environment.

Prevalence of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Guangxi, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. MA ◽  
D. ZHENG ◽  
Q. CAI ◽  
Z. YUAN
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Water And Soil Samples ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rice Paddy Fields

SUMMARYMelioidosis, an infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is now recognized as an important public health problem in Southeast Asia and tropical northern Australia. Although B. pseudomallei has been detected in various water and soil samples in southeast China, the enviromental distribution of B. pseudomallei in China is unclear. In the winter months of 2007, 154 and 130 soil and water samples, respectively, were collected from several locations in Guangxi, China. The samples were screened for B. pseudomallei by bacterial culture and identification and confirmed by PCR for species-specific 16S rDNA and flagellin genes. B. pseudomallei was detected in 8·4% of the soil samples but in none of the water samples. All positive samples were confined to a single low-lying region from rice paddy fields. Counts of B. pseudomallei ranged from 23 to 521 c.f.u./g soil. This is the first geographical distribution survey of B. pseudomallei in soil in Guangxi, China, and the data are of importance for further evaluating the impact of this pathogen on melioidosis in this region.

scholarly journals Microbial Investigation of Recreation Effects on Water and Soil in the Tatra National Park

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-302
Author(s):  
Jana Júdová ◽  
Veronika Lacušová ◽  
Simona Kvasnová ◽  
Juraj Švajda
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
National Park ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Carbon Source Utilization ◽  
Biolog Ecoplates ◽  
Main Path ◽  
Water And Soil Samples ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
Public Recreation

Abstract Tatra National Park is considered as the most visited protected area in Slovakia. Striking a balance between the preservation of natural resources and opportunities for public recreation often forces responsible authorities to make compromises between visitation impacts and protection. In this case, the microbial investigation of recreation effects on water and soil in the Tatra National Park were studied. The study areas were two valleys – Malá Studená, accessible by trail from south with higher human impact and visitation, including mountain huts Téryho and Zamkovského chata and Javorová, accessible from the northern part with a low number of visitors. Soil samples were taken from the main path, 30 cm away from it and water samples from or near the main path in both valleys. The selected colonies, after the cultivation on TSA medium were also analysed according to the dry and semi-extraction procedure of MALDI–TOF method. Most of the obtained strains are endospore forming, psychrotolerant species like Pseudomonas, Bacillus or Paenibacillus away of path, which corresponds with the climate and geographical conditions. But, the relatedness of soil sample strains in both valleys increases with rising altitude, with distance away from path; in contrast, the relatedness of water samples strains in both valleys increases with increasing distance sample areas from chalet and frequent visitors’ places. Water and soil samples were processed for community level physiological profiling using Biolog EcoPlates. The obtained results of carbon source utilization abilities of bacterial communities in both valleys suggested lower diversity in Javorová Valley, which corresponds probably with less visitor intensity, with less anthropogenic impact as well as with less risk of xenobiotics presence in environment.

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