scholarly journals Surveillance and Control of Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, and M1 in Foodstuffs in the Republic of Cyprus: 1992–1996

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Ioannou-Kakouri ◽  
Maria Aletrari ◽  
Eftychia Christou ◽  
Artemisia Hadjioannou-Ralli ◽  
Athena Koliou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus ◽  
And Control

Abstract Aflatoxins (AFs) B1, B2, G1, and G2 in locally produced and imported foodstuffs (nuts, cereals, oily seeds, pulses, etc.) were monitored and controlled systematically and effectively from 1992–1996. Samples (peanuts, pistachios, etc.) with total AFs above the Cyprus maximum level (ML) of 10 μg/kg fluctuated between 0.7 and 6.9%. The results indicate the effectiveness of monitoring, as well as the need for constant surveillance and control, especially at critical control points (sites of import, primary storage, etc.), to prevent unfit products from entering the Cyprus market. The control included sampling, retainment, analysis, and destruction of foodstuff lots with AF levels above MLs. The highest incidence of aflatoxin contamination was observed in peanut butter (56.7%) and the highest level of AF B1 was found in peanuts (700 μg/kg). Levels of AF M1 in raw and pasteurized milk analyzed in 1993,1995, and 1996 were within both the Cyprus ML (0.5 μg/L) and the lower ML (0.05 μg/L) of some European countries. Only 12% of samples had detectable levels of AF M1. Analyses were performed by immunochemical methods. When recoveries were lower than 80%, the AF levels were corrected for recovery.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of a Comprehensive Device Associated Healthcare-Associated Infections Prevention and Control Program: results of a 3-year program in the Republic of Cyprus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stelios Iordanou ◽  
Nicos Middleton ◽  
Elizabeth Papathanassoglou ◽  
Lakis Palazis ◽  
VASILIOS RAFTOPOULOS
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Device-associated health care-associated infections (DA-HAIs) are a major threat to patient safety, particularly in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a bundle of infection control measures to reduce DA-HAIs in the ICU of a General Hospital in the Republic of Cyprus, over a three-year period. Methods: We studied 599 ICU patients with length of stay (LOS) for at least 48 hours. Our prospective cohort study was divided into three surveillance phases. VAP, CLABSI, and CAUTI incidence rates, LOS and mortality were calculated before, during and after the infection prevention and control program. Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in the number of DA-HAI events during the surveillance periods, associated with DA-HAIs prevention efforts. In 2015 (prior to program implementation), the baseline DA-HAIs instances were 43: 16 VAP (10.1/1000 Device Days), 21 (15.9/1000DD) CLABSIs and 6 (2.66/1000DD) CAUTIs, (n=198). During the second phase (2016), CLABSIs prevention measures were implemented and the number of infections were 24: 14 VAP (12.21/1000DD), 4 (4.2/1000DD) CLABSIs & 6 (3.22/1000DD) CAUTIs, (n=184). During the third phase (2017), VAP and CAUTI prevention measure were again implemented and the rates were 6: (3 VAP: 12.21/1000DD), 2 (1.95/1000DD) CLABSIs & 1 (0.41/1000DD) CAUTIs, (n=217). There was an overall reduction of 87% in the total number of DA-HAIs instances for the period 01/01/15 to 31/12/17. Conclusions: The significant overall reduction in DA-HAI rates, indicates that a comprehensive infection control program can affect DA-HAI rates.

Critical Control Points of Street-Vended Foods in the Dominican Republic

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK L. BRYAN ◽  
SILVIA C. MICHANIE ◽  
PERSIA ALVAREZ ◽  
AURELIO PANIAGUA
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
And Control ◽  
Time Periodic

Hazard analyses were conducted at four street-vending stands in the Dominican Republic. Temperatures of foods were measured during cooking, display (holding), and reheating (when done). Samples were taken at each step of the operation and at 5 to 6-h intervals during display. Foods usually attained temperatures that exceeded 90°C at the geometric center during cooking and reheating. At three of the stands, foods (e.g., fish, chickens, pork pieces) were fried and held until sold. Leftovers were held overnight at ambient temperatures in the home of the vendor or in a locked compartment of the stand. They were usually reheated early in the morning and displayed until sold. During the interval of holding, aerobic mesophilic counts progressively increased with time from about 103 after cooking to between 105 to 109/g. The higher counts were usually associated with holding overnight. Escherichia coli (in water, milk and cheese samples), Bacillus cereus (in bean and rice samples), and Clostridium perfringens (in meat, chicken and bean samples) were isolated, but usually in numbers less than 103/g. At the other stand, foods (e.g. beans, rice, meat and chicken) were cooked just before serving as complete meals. There were no leftovers. This operation was less hazardous, although there were many sanitary deficiencies. Recommendations for prevention and control of microbial hazards (mainly reducing holding time, periodic reheating and requesting reheating just before purchasing) are given. The need and suggestions for implementing educational activities to alert and inform those concerned about hazards and preventive measures are presented.

Device‐associated health care‐associated infections: The effectiveness of a 3‐year prevention and control program in the Republic of Cyprus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stelios Iordanou ◽  
Elizabeth Papathanassoglou ◽  
Nicos Middleton ◽  
Lakis Palazis ◽  
Chrystalla Timiliotou‐Matsentidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus ◽  
And Control

On-farm udder health monitoring

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
J. C. van Veersen ◽  
O. Sampimon ◽  
R. G. Olde Riekerink ◽  
T. J. G. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Clinical Problems

SummaryIn this article an on-farm monitoring approach on udder health is presented. Monitoring of udder health consists of regular collection and analysis of data and of the regular evaluation of management practices. The ultimate goal is to manage critical control points in udder health management, such as hygiene, body condition, teat ends and treatments, in such a way that results (udder health parameters) are always optimal. Mastitis, however, is a multifactorial disease, and in real life it is not possible to fully prevent all mastitis problems. Therefore udder health data are also monitored with the goal to pick up deviations before they lead to (clinical) problems. By quantifying udder health data and management, a farm is approached as a business, with much attention for efficiency, thought over processes, clear agreements and goals, and including evaluation of processes and results. The whole approach starts with setting SMART (Specific, Measurable, Acceptable, Realistic, Time-bound) goals, followed by an action plan to realize these goals.

The development of trade relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the Soviet Union (1960-1963)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Argyrios Tasoulas
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus

This article studies the development of Soviet-Cypriot trade relations in 1960-63, based on research at the Archives of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation (AVP RF). Concurrently, a historical analysis follows the events after the creation of the new Cypriot state and the two major Cold War crises (the building of the Berlin wall and the Cuban missile crisis). The efforts made by both governments to develop bilateral trade, the aftermath of the two major international crises and the results of the two governments’ policies have been identified and analyzed.

Critical Control Points in DPR: Quantifying the Multi-Barrier Approach to Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (14) ◽  
pp. 5477-5488
Author(s):  
Ben Stanford ◽  
Troy Walker ◽  
Stuart Khan ◽  
Shane Snyder ◽  
Cedric Robillot
Keyword(s):  
Control Points ◽  
Critical Control Points
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