scholarly journals Effects of supplementation with narasin, salinomycin, or flavomycin on performance and ruminal fermentation characteristics of Bos indicus Nellore cattle fed with forage-based diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Cintra Limede ◽  
Rodrigo S Marques ◽  
Daniel Montanher Polizel ◽  
Bruno Ieda Cappellozza ◽  
Alexandre Arantes Miszura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Nellore Cattle

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inclusion of narasin, salinomycin, or flavomycin for 140 d on ruminal fermentation parameters, apparent nutrient digestibility, and performance of Nellore cattle offered a forage-based diet. In experiment 1, 32 rumen-cannulated Bos indicus Nellore steers [initial body weight (BW) = 220 ± 12.6 kg] were assigned to individual pens in a randomized complete block design according to their initial shrunk BW. Within block, animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: (1) forage-based diet without feed additives (CON; n = 8), (2) CON diet plus 13 ppm of narasin (NAR; n = 8), (3) CON diet plus 20 ppm of salinomycin (SAL; n = 8), or (4) CON diet plus 3 ppm of flavomycin (FLA; n = 8). The experimental period lasted 140 d and was divided into 5 periods of 28 d each. The inclusion of feed additives did not impact (P ≥ 0.17) dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient intake, and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients. Nonetheless, steers fed NAR had lower (P < 0.01) molar proportion of acetate compared with CON, SAL, and FLA steers, whereas ruminal acetate tended to be greater (P < 0.09) for SAL vs. CON and FLA, but did not differ (P = 0.68) between CON vs. FLA steers. Ruminal propionate was the highest (P < 0.01) for steers fed NAR and did not differ (P > 0.20) between CON, SAL, and FLA. Consequently, NAR steers had the lowest (P < 0.01) Ac:Pr ratio, whereas Ac:Pr did not differ (P > 0.18) among CON, SAL, and FLA. Total volatile fatty acids were greater (P < 0.04) for NAR and CON vs. SAL and FLA, but did not differ (P > 0.67) among NAR vs. CON and SAL vs. FLA. In experiment 2, 164 Nellore bulls (initial shrunk BW = 299 ± 2.5 kg) were assigned to feedlot pens for 140 d in a randomized complete block design. Within block (n = 10), animals were randomly assigned to the same treatments used in experiment 1. Average daily gain was greater (P < 0.01) in NAR vs. CON, SAL, and FLA bulls, and did not differ (P > 0.12) between CON, SAL, and FLA bulls. Bulls fed NAR had greater (P < 0.02) DMI (as kg/d or % BW) and final shrunk BW compared with CON, SAL, and FLA bulls, whereas DMI and final shrunk BW did not differ (P > 0.26) between CON, SAL, and FLA bulls. Feed efficiency, however, was not impacted (P = 0.51) by any feed additives used herein. Collectively, narasin was the only feed additive that benefited performance and ruminal fermentation of Nellore animals fed a forage-based diet.

scholarly journals Effects of bacterial cultures, enzymes and yeast-based feed additive combinations on ruminal fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S L Bennett ◽  
J A Arce-Cordero ◽  
V L N Brandao ◽  
J R Vinyard ◽  
B C Agustinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Molar Proportion

Abstract Bacterial cultures, enzymes and yeast derived feed additives are often included in commercial dairy rations due to their effects on ruminal fermentation. However, the effects of these additives when fed together are not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in ruminal fermentation when a dairy ration is supplemented with combinations of bacterial probiotics, enzymes and yeast. Our hypotheses were that ruminal fermentation would be altered, indicated through changes in volatile fatty acid profile and nutrient digestibility, with inclusion of: (1) an additive, (2) yeast and (3) increasing additive doses. Treatments were randomly assigned to 8 fermenters in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square with four 10 d experimental periods, consisting of 7 d for diet adaptation and 3 d for sample collection. Basal diets contained 52:48 forage:concentrate and fermenters were fed 106 g of dry matter per day divided equally between 2 feeding times. Treatments were: control (CTRL, without additives); bacterial culture/enzyme blend (EB, 1.7 mg per day); bacterial culture/enzyme blend with a blend of live yeast and yeast culture (EBY, 49.76 mg per day); and double dose of the EBY treatment (2X, 99.53 mg per day). The bacterial culture/enzyme blend contained five strains of probiotics (Lactobacillus animalis, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Bacillus lichenformis, Bacillus subtillis, and Enterococcus faecium) and three enzymes (amylase, hemicellulase, and xylanase). On d 8-10, samples were collected for pH, redox, volatile fatty acids, lactate, ammonia N and digestibility measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Repeated measures were used for pH, redox, VFA, NH3-N and lactate kinetics data. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test the effect of: (1) additives, ADD (CTRL vs EB, EBY and 2X); (2) yeast, YEAST (EB vs EBY and 2X); and (3) dose, DOSE (EBY vs 2X). No effects (p > 0.05) were observed for pH, redox, NH3-N, acetate, isobutyrate, valerate, total VFA, acetate:propionate, nutrient digestibility or N utilization. Within the 24h pool, the molar proportion of butyrate increased (p = 0.03) with the inclusion of additives when compared to the control while the molar proportion of propionate tended to decrease (p = 0.07). In conclusion, inclusion of bacterial cultures, enzymes and yeast to the diet increased butyrate concentration; but did not result in major changes in ruminal fermentation.

scholarly journals Crude glycerin as an alternative to corn as a supplement for beef cattle grazing in pasture during the dry season

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 2215
Author(s):  
Elias San Vito ◽  
Yury Tatiana Granja-Salcedo ◽  
Josiane Fonseca Lage ◽  
André Soarez Oliveira ◽  
Mateus Pies Gionbelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Crude Glycerin ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion of crude glycerin (CG) in the supplement (0, 70, 140, 210, and 280 g kg-1 dry matter (DM) of supplement) of Nellore cattle grazing tropical grasses during dry season. In Experiment 1, intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and the rumen microbial profile were evaluated in two simultaneous 5 × 5 Latin squares, using 10 ruminally cannulated Nellore steers (408.8 ± 38.5 kg of body weight (BW)). In Experiment 2, cattle growth performance was evaluated in 50 young Nellore bulls (279.52 ± 16.3 kg of BW) distributed in a randomized complete block design. The increasing inclusion of CG did not affect intake ( P= 0.813), diet digestibility (P = 0.895), however linearly increased pH (P = 0.001), butyrate concentration (P < 0.001) and Fibrobacter succinogenes (P = 0.003) population. CG inclusion linearly decreased total ruminal volatile fatty acids (VFA) (P < 0.001), acetate concentration (P < 0.001) and quadratically affected (P = 0.009) acetate: propionate ratio. In experiment 2, the inclusion of CG quadratically affected DM intake (DMI) (P = 0.005), DM total-tract apparent digestibility (P < 0.001), linearly increased additional gain (P > 0.001), average daily gain (P > 0.001) and feed efficiency (P > 0.001). CG in the supplement of Nellore steers grazing tropical grass during dry season doesn’t affect intake and digestibility but alters ruminal fermentation, without negative effect on relative proportion of cellulolytic bacteria population. The increasing replacement of corn grain by CG in the supplement of pasture-raised growing Nellore bulls (up to 280g/kg DM) improved BW gain and consequently feed efficiency.

327 Effects of Inclusion of Amaferm on Animal Performance, Chewing Activity, and Nutrient Digestibility of Backgrounding Beef Heifers Fed Either a Sorghum Silage- or a Byproducts-based Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 181-182
Author(s):  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Federico Tarnonsky ◽  
Juan Bollatti ◽  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Chewing Activity ◽  
Diet Type

Abstract Eighty-four Angus crossbred heifers (13 ± 1 mo, 329.5 ± 61.92 kg of BW) were used in a generalized randomized block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The objective was to evaluate the effect of a feed additive inclusion under two growing diets. Factors included: 1) diet type (whole plant sorghum silage- or byproducts-based diet) and 2) feed additive inclusion [Amaferm (Aspergillus oryzae (extract)] included at 0 or 0.02% of the diet DM. This resulted in four treatments: sorghum-control (SC), sorghum-amaferm (SA), byproducts-control (BC) and byproducts-amaferm (BA). Heifers were housed in 12 pens (108 m2/pen; 7 heifers/ pen) equipped with GrowSafe technology, to measure individual dry matter intake (DMI). After a 14-d adaptation, BW was measured every 14 d, during 56 days, and chewing activity was monitored through collar-mounted HR-Tags (SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel). Apparent total tract digestibility was measured on 10 heifers per treatment after the 56-d performance period, using indigestible NDF as a marker. Heifers fed the byproducts diet had (P ≤ 0.01) greater DMI as % of BW (2.92 vs. 2.59%) and greater average daily gain (1.16 vs. 0.68 kg/d). Amaferm improved gain-to-feed ratio by 15% in the byproducts diet (P ≤ 0.05) but it had no effect in the sorghum silage diet (P = 0.59). Conversely, Amaferm inclusion increased apparent total tract organic matter digestibility in the sorghum silage diet (SC = 49.8 vs. SA = 55.9%; P ≤ 0.01), whereas reduced it in the byproducts diet (BC = 65.8 vs. BA = 61.7%; P ≤ 0.05). Heifers fed a sorghum silage-based diet had (P ≤ 0.01) 39 and 63% greater chewing in min/d and min/kg of DMI, respectively; however, chewing in min/kg of NDF intake was similar across diets (average 111.3 min/kg of NDF intake).

scholarly journals Effect of bambermycin and dietary distillers grains concentration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers1

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Zachary K Smith ◽  
Grant I Crawford ◽  
Erik R Loe
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract An experiment was conducted comparing medicated feed additives (MFA) bambermycin or monensin sodium and tylosin phosphate in feedlot diets containing modified distillers grains (mDGS). Crossbred steers (n = 256; initial full BW 418 ± 28.5 kg) were allocated into three weight blocks in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors were: MFA (bambermycin at 20 mg/steer daily or monensin + tylosin at 380 and 90 mg/steer daily, respectively) and mDGS inclusion (15% and 30% of diet DM). Twenty-four pens were utilized, resulting in six replications per treatment. Steers were fed a diet consisting of a 1:1 combination of dry-rolled and high-moisture corn with the roughage portion of the diet consisting of corn silage and corn stover. Steers in the heaviest two blocks were marketed after 104 d and steers in the lightest block were marketed after 126 d. Overall average daily gain (ADG) tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and was not affected (P = 0.17) by mDGS level. Dry matter intake was lower (P ≤ 0.05) with 30% mDGS with monensin and tylosin than with any other treatment. Feed efficiency was not affected by mDGS, MFA, or their interaction (P ≥ 0.30). Marbling scores were greater (P = 0.01) greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and tended (P = 0.08) to be greater with 15% mDGS than with 30% mDGS. Carcasses from steers fed bambermycin had a greater percentage of USDA choice than those fed with monensin and tylosin (P = 0.01). Liver abscess occurrence was not affected (P ≥ 0.17) by MFA, mDGS, or their interaction. Results from this experiment indicate that including bambermycin in feedlot diets containing 30% mDGS results in increased DMI when compared with including monensin and tylosin in 30% mDGS diet without the risk for increases in liver abscess occurrence.

scholarly journals PSXIV-39 Use of flamocycin, narasin and salinomycin on performance of Nellore yearling bulls fed with high forage diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 433-433
Author(s):  
Arnaldo C Limede ◽  
Daniel M Polizel ◽  
Alexandre A Miszura ◽  
André S Martins ◽  
José P R Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Delivery Vehicle ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Forage

Abstract The aim of this study was evaluating the effects of different feed additives on performance of yearling bulls fed a high forage diet. One hundred and sixty-four Nellore (Bos indicus) yearling bulls were assigned to a complete randomized block design, according to of their initial body weight (BW) (298.95 ± 2.49; 10 pen/treatment; 4 animal/pen). Yearling bulls were fed daily and diets were composed of 96% of coastcross haylage and 4% of ground corn, used as the delivery vehicle for the additives. Once a day, the concentrate and forage were offered separately. The forage was offered after the entire consumption of the concentrate. The experimental diets consisted in: CON = Control (no feed additive); FLA = 3ppm of Flavomycin; NAR = 13ppm of Narasin; SAL = 20ppm of Salinomycin. The experimental period lasted 140 d and the yearling bulls were weighted at 0, 28, 56, 84, 112 and 140 d, after a 14h feed and water restriction. The orts were recorded to determine the dry matter intake (DMI). All data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS and the LSMEANS option was used to generate individual means. Tukey test 5% was used for comparisons. There was a treatment effect on DMI (CON: 6.59b; FLA: 6.53b; NAR: 7.1a; SAL: 6.42b kg/d; SEM = 0.19; P &lt; 0.01), ADG (CON: 0.792b; FLA: 0.842b; NAR: 0.907a; SAL: 0.813b kg; SEM = 0.02; P &lt; 0.01) and final BW (CON: 408.27b; FLA: 411.36b; NAR: 424.69a; SAL: 407.91b kg; SEM = 2.56; P &lt; 0.01). There was no effect on feed efficiency (P = 0.41). In summary, the narasin inclusion increased DMI, ADG, and final BW in comparison with the other additives.

scholarly journals PSXII-32 Effects flavomycin, narasin and salinomycin on ruminal fermentation of Nellore steers fed high forage diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 422-422
Author(s):  
Arnaldo C Limede ◽  
Daniel M Polizel ◽  
Alexandre A Miszura ◽  
André S Martins ◽  
José P R Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Forage

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate three feed additives for rumen manipulation. Thirty-two rumen-fistulated animals were assigned to a completed randomized block design, according to their initial BW. Steers were fed with 99% of coastcross haylage and 1% of concentrate, used as vehicle for the additives. The forage and concentrate were offered separately, whereas the forage was offered after the entire consumption of the concentrate. The experimental diets consisted in: CON = Control (no feed additive); NAR = 13ppm of Narasin; SAL = 20ppm of Salinomycin; and FLA = 3ppm of Flavomycin. The experimental period lasted 140 d, divided on 5 periods of 28 d each. Rumen fluid was collected on d 0, 28, 56, 84, 112 and 140, at 0, 6 and 12 hours after feeding and combined as a pool for SCFA analysis. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Data obtained on d 0 were used as covariate. Tukey test 5% was used for comparisons. There was treatment effect on acetate (CON: 73.5ab; NAR: 73.0a; SAL: 73.9b and FLA: 73.6b mM/100mM, P = 0.01; SEM = 0.16), propionate (CON: 13.7b; NAR: 14.6a; SAL: 13.5b and FLA: 13.4b, P = 0.01; SEM = 0.11), butyrate (CON: 9.06a; NAR: 8.64b; SAL: 8.72ab and FLA: 8.96ab, P = 0.02; SEM = 0.10), isovalerate (CON: 1.51b; NAR: 1.61ab; SAL: 1.55ab and FLA: 1.67b, P = 0.03; SEM = 0.04) and ac:prop ratio (CON: 5.39a; NAR: 4.99b; SAL: 5.49a and FLA: 5.4a, P = 0.01; SEM = 0.05). Therefore, narasin improves energetic efficiency of ruminal fermentation compared to other additives.

Effect of phytogenics on growth performance, fecal score, blood profiles, fecal noxious gas emission, digestibility, and intestinal morphology of weanling pigs challenged with Escherichia coli K88

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mohana Devi ◽  
S.I. Lee ◽  
I.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Blood Profiles

Abstract Phytogenic feed additives have become attractive alternatives for use in animal diets. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a phytogenic-based feed additive on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, fecal noxious gas emission, and intestinal morphology of weaning pigs after dietary challenge with E. coli K88. A total of 120 crossbred pigs [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc)] with an initial body weight (BW) of 6.09 ± 0.96 kg (21 d of age) were assigned randomly to 1 of the 4 dietary treatments. Each pen housed 5 pigs, and there were 6 pens/treatment. Treatments included: T1, negative control (without antibiotics); T2, T1 + antibiotic; T3, T1 + 0.05% phytogenics; and T4, T1 + 0.2% commercial mix of organic acids. Overall, the average daily gain (ADG) with the T3 treatment was higher (P<0.05). At wk 1, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM) was increased (P<0.05) with T4 treatment. The ATTD of ash with T3 and T4 treatments was greater (P<0.05). At wk 3, pigs fed with the T4 diet had a significantly higher (P<0.05) ATTD of DM. The ATTD of ash and calcium (Ca) was significantly increased (P<0.05) with the T4 treatment. Pigs fed with the T3 diet had a higher (P<0.05) ATTD of phosphorus (P). At wk 6, the ATTD of ash was significantly increased (P<0.05) with the T1 and T3 treatments. The data indicate that phytogenics positively affect growth performance of weaning pigs, indicating that their use as an alternative in the diets of weaning pigs can significantly improve ADG, under challenge with E.coli K88.

scholarly journals The effect of a candidate feed additive derived from the essential oils of Pinus merkusii (jungh. & de vriese) and Melaleuca leucadendra (l.) on the kinetics of gas production and methane emitted during in-vitro ruminal fermentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Asih Kurniawati ◽  
Muhlisin Muhsin Al Anas
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Kinetics Of

The study was designed to determine the effect of a candidate natural feed additive on the kinetics of gas production as a representation of feed degradability and methane produced during rumen fermentation. Three blends of essential oil (BEO) as candidates for feed additives were formulated using pine and eucalyptus essential oils in the following ratios: 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 for BEO1, BEO2, and BEO3, respectively. Every BEO was added to the batch fermentation system at dosages of 0, 100, and 200 l/l in the medium. Furthermore, an in vitro gas production technique was used to simulate rumen feed fermentation. According to the gas production kinetics, all BEO additives did not affect the total potential gas produced, as well as the potential gas produced from the soluble and insoluble substrate. The rates of gas production were similar among treatments. Furthermore, the addition of BEO did not affect the total volume of gas produced during fermentation. Meanwhile, BEO1 at 200 l/l dose and BEO 3 at 100 l/l dose significantly reduced methane production (P0.05). In conclusion, the BEO1 and BEO 3 at dosages of 200 and 100 l/l, respectively, had the potential as a feed additive to reduce methane production without a negative effect on nutrient digestibility.

scholarly journals Effects of grain adaptation programs and antimicrobial feed additives on performance and nutrient digestibility of Bos indicus cattle fed whole shelled corn

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Mobiglia ◽  
F R Camilo ◽  
V R M Couto ◽  
F G F Castro ◽  
J S Drouillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Finishing Diets

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of feed additives [monensin (MON); 30 mg/kg of dry matter (DM), and virginiamycin (VM); 25 mg/kg DM] and grain adaptation programs [adding roughage (ROU; sugarcane bagasse) or not (NO-ROU) during the 20-d adaptation period] on performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility of Bos indicus cattle fed finishing diets containing 85% whole shelled corn and 15% of a pelleted protein-mineral-vitamin supplement. In Exp.1, 105 Nellore bulls [initial body weight (BW) = 368 ± 25 kg] were used in a complete randomized block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, consisting of two feed additives (MON and VM) associated with two adaptation programs (ROU or NO-ROU during the 20-d adaptation period). Effects of feed additives × adaptation programs were not detected (P ≥ 0.13). Feed additives did not affect dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (G:F) during the 20-d adaptation period (P ≥ 0.35). During the total feeding period (105 d), feeding MON decreased DMI (P ≤ 0.03) compared to VM. Adding sugarcane bagasse to finishing diets during the 20-d adaptation period (ROU) increased ADG (P = 0.05) and G:F (P = 0.03), and tended to increase BW (P = 0.09) compared to NO-ROU. In Exp. 2, ten ruminally cannulated Nellore steers (BW = 268 ± 38 kg) were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of the two feed additives used in the Exp. 1 (MON and VM; 5 steers/treatment) on DMI, total apparent digestibility of nutrients, and ruminal fermentation characteristics. No differences in DMI, total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients, and ruminal fermentation characteristics were observed between MON and VM (P ≥ 0.32). An effect of sampling day (P &lt; 0.001) was observed for ruminal pH, which was greater on day 0 compared to day 7, 14, and 21 of the experimental period (P ≤ 0.05). In summary, supplementing monensin and virginiamycin for finishing Nellore bulls fed whole shelled corn diets, resulted in similar growth performance and carcass characteristics. Including sugarcane bagasse to adapt finishing bulls to no-roughage diets containing whole shelled corn is an alternative to increase growth performance.

Effects of alternative feed additives and flint maize grain particle size on growth performance, carcass traits and nutrient digestibility of finishing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-468
Author(s):  
V. N. Gouvêa ◽  
M. A. P. Meschiatti ◽  
J. M. M. Moraes ◽  
C. D. A. Batalha ◽  
J. R. R. Dórea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle ◽  
Daily Gain

AbstractThe current study evaluated growth performance and digestion responses of finishing bulls fed diets containing 825 g/kg flint maize [dry matter (DM) basis] ground to medium (1.66 mm; MG) or coarse particle sizes (2.12 mm; CG), with added monensin (26 mg/kg; DM basis; MON) or a blend of essential oils (BEO) + exogenous α-amylase (AM; 90 mg/kg + 560 mg/kg commercial product, respectively, DM basis). In Expt 1, 256 Nellore bulls were blocked by initial body weight (BW) (360 ± 11.7 kg) and assigned to 48 pens in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Effect of a maize particle size × feed additive interaction was not detected for final BW, DM intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency. The DMI was greater for bulls fed BEO + AM v. MON. Final BW and ADG tended to be greater for bulls fed CG than MG maize. An interaction was detected for hot carcass weight which was 11 kg heavier for bulls fed BEO + AM v. MON in diets containing CG, but not MG particle size. In Expt 2, four ruminally cannulated Nellore steers were offered the same treatments as Expt 1, in a 4 × 4 Latin Square design. Intake of most nutrients was greater for steers fed CG than steers fed MG maize. In summary, feeding bulls CG maize increased growth performance and carcass characteristics compared with MG. The combination of BEO + AM resulted in heavier carcass weights compared with MON supplementation when included in diets containing CG maize.

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