scholarly journals What Do They Know and What Do They DO? A National Evaluation of Landscape Integrated Pest Management Knowledge and Use in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John M Diaz ◽  
Laura A Warner ◽  
Faith Oi ◽  
Cody Gusto
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Technical Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Individual residents in the United States increasingly practice do-it-yourself pest management in their lawns and gardens. This self-managed pest control is frequently characterized by unnecessary and sometimes indiscriminate applications of pesticide that are often ineffective and environmentally damaging. Given residential consumers account for most of the world’s pesticide expenditures, the need to increase adoption of IPM best practices is critical. Through its education and technical training programming, we argue that Cooperative Extension is uniquely positioned to nudge residential DIY pest management away from an exclusive reliance on pesticide application and towards IPM best practices. To assess how best to encourage an increase in IPM adoption, we examined the relationship between an individual user’s knowledge of IPM practices and adoption of IPM behavior. Survey results from individual residents responsible for their lawn and garden management indicate that where there is high knowledge of IPM best practices, there appears to be a strong likelihood of behavior adoption. Results also show, however, that a significant number of respondents have little to no knowledge of IPM. To address this gap, we argue for the need to increase IPM-related education and provide recommendations for future research.

Digital Government and Citizen Participation in the United States

2011 ◽  
pp. 306-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Holzer ◽  
Lung-Teng Hu ◽  
Seok-Hwi Song
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Citizenship ◽  
Government Accountability ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Customer Satisfaction Survey ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter addresses the topic of citizen participation via digital government in several sections: first, we discuss the relationship between digital government and citizen participation from the academic literature. Second, we introduce some best practices of citizen participations through digital government in the United States; third, we offer some principles and implications from these best practices; and fourth, we discuss several potential problems of digitized citizen participation in terms of further research. The best practices described in this chapter include Minnesota’s Department Results and Online Citizen Participation Opportunities, Santa Monica’s Budget Suggestions, California’s California Scorecard, Virginia Beach’s EMS Customer Satisfaction Survey and others. We extract some common features from these best practices, such as citizen as customer, recognizing a citizen’s capacity, and direct participation. Further, we recommend principles for designing digitized citizen participation: operationalize direct policy involvement, enable the citizen to influence policy priorities, enhance government accountability, encourage participatory deliberation and shape digital citizenship.

14. Political Democracy and State Repression

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Davenport
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
State Repression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores the relationship between political democracy and state repression. Afer providing an overview of the democracy–repression link, it considers what research has been conducted on the topic and also what has been ignored. It uses the United States and its treatment of African Americans as an example of how existing research in this field should change, as well as to emphasize the importance of disaggregation (regarding institutions, actors, and actions). The chapter concludes by suggesting directions for future research. It argues that researchers need to improve the way in which they think about the relationship between democracy and repression, and that they need to modify how they gather information about democracy and repression.

A kind of Religious Coping: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of Consolation in the Lutheran Tradition

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard M. Hummel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Community Psychology ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The Relationship

Building on the theoretical research of community psychology and cultural psychology, I focus in this paper on these two questions: What kind of religious coping is practiced by some members of the Lutheran tradition? What does an understanding of the relationship between the tradition and religious coping of these members indicate that may be distinctive or unexpected about their religious coping? I do this by: reviewing the background of my research in community psychology, cultural psychology, and tradition-specific research on religious coping – particularly in the United States; outlining a method for a qualitative study of nine Lutheran co-researchers in the United States who had experienced a significant negative event; reporting some of the results of that study; using the results of the study to discuss the two questions above; concluding with some suggestions for future research of the specific religious traditions in which religious coping phenomena may occur, and of the phenomena of religious coping in specific religious traditions.

scholarly journals Developing Insect Pest Management Systems for Hemp in the United States: A Work in Progress

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney Cranshaw ◽  
Melissa Schreiner ◽  
Kadie Britt ◽  
Thomas P Kuhar ◽  
John McPartland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Flower Buds

Abstract Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is now being grown within the United States over a much broader geographic area and for different uses than during its last period of significant production that ended after World War II. Within the past 3 yr, a large number of arthropod species have been documented to feed on hemp in the United States. Among key pest species, corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has demonstrated greatest potential for crop injury, being particularly damaging to flower buds. Hemp russet mite, Aculops cannibicola (Farkas), and cannabis aphid, Phorodon cannabis Passerini, are the two species observed most damaging among those that suck plant fluids. Eurasian hemp borer, Grapholita delineana Walker, is widely present east of the Rocky Mountains and appears to have potential to significantly damage both flower buds and developing seeds. Numerous species of caterpillars, grasshoppers, and beetles chew hemp foliage; the severity of these defoliation injuries appears to be minimal, but needs further study. Similarly, numerous seed feeding hemipterans, most notably stink bugs and Lygus bugs, are regularly found in the crop but injury potential remains unclear. Some preliminary efforts have been made to develop integrated pest management strategies for these insects, particularly for corn earworm. Future research can be expected to rapidly resolve many of the data gaps that presently restrict advancing pest management on the crop. However, a major confounding issue involves the use of pesticides on hemp. Federal agencies have not yet provided clear direction on this issue, and regulatory decisions have subsequently devolved to the states.

scholarly journals Performance satisfaction, shareholder and stakeholder orientations: Managers´ perceptions in three countries across continents

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Angelopoulos ◽  
John A Parnell ◽  
Gregory J Scott
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Stakeholder Orientation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Satisfaction ◽  
The Relationship

Managers working in South Africa, Peru and the United States were classified as stakeholder- and/or shareholder-oriented along the Perceived Role of Ethics and Social Responsibility (PRESOR) scale. The relationship between stakeholder/shareholder orientation and perceptions of organisational performance was further explored. In South Africa and overall, respondents with both high stakeholder and low shareholder orientations reported the greatest performance satisfaction. In Peru, managers with a high stakeholder orientation reported the greatest satisfaction with organisational performance. A significant link between stakeholder or shareholder orientation and performance satisfaction was not found in the United States, however. Directions for future research are outlined.

Living Environment, Mobility, and Wellbeing among Seniors in the United States: A New Interdisciplinary Dialogue

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengxiao (Alex) Li
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Interdisciplinary Dialogue ◽  
The Relationship

In view of the demographic profile of the older adults in the United States, in the next two decades, cities and communities need to adapt the form, environment, and transportation systems to accommodate the growing aging population. In this article, I review two streams of literature in the mobility among the older population: the mobility/living environment and wellbeing; the relationship between living environment and mobility. I argue that two streams of literature should be combined to inform an interdisciplinary dialogue and a new agenda for future research.

Bereavement Outcomes for Atheist Individuals: The Role of Spirituality, Discrimination, and Meaning

2020 ◽  
pp. 003022282097453
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Meaning Reconstruction ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Relationship

The present study applied several concepts typically included in thanatology research to an atheist sample. Atheists are a growing segment of the population in the United States, though little is known about this group. A sample of 355 adults who self-identify as atheist completed an online survey assessing forms of spirituality, anti-atheist discrimination, and meaning reconstruction in order to examine associations between these variables and bereavement outcomes of complicated grief and psychological distress. Results of a multiple regression analysis suggested that spirituality was not related to bereavement outcomes, anti-atheist discrimination was related to poorer bereavement outcomes, while the relationship between meaning reconstruction and bereavement outcomes was mixed. These results provide a foundation for additional exploration of bereavement processes in atheist individuals, and implications for future research and practice are discussed.

An alternative way to evaluate the environmental effects of integrated pest management: Pesticide risk indicators

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Greitens ◽  
Esther Day
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Future Research

AbstractThis study examines whether pesticide risk indicators can be used to evaluate the environmental effects of pesticide applications within integrated pest management (IPM) projects. Pesticide risk indicators, commonly used in European countries, are mathematical equations that consider data inputs such as application rates, toxicity levels of a pesticide's active ingredient, meteorological data, the soil characteristics of farm fields, and other information to generate potential risk scores for pesticide applications. These potential risk scores represent the best estimate of a pesticide's impact on the surrounding environment. This project analyzed eight pesticide risk indicators, developed throughout Europe and the United States, with two years of pesticide application data from four farms using IPM. This two-year study allowed for a determination of the validity and reliability of pesticide risk indicators. The findings reveal that only three pesticide risk indicators performed consistently and gave valid results. These indicators are: the synoptic evaluation model for plant protection agents (SYNOPS) indicator from Germany, the multi-attribute toxicity factor from the United States, and the environmental impact quotient from the United States. As a result, the authors recommend these three indicators for future research and for IPM evaluative efforts that emphasize the environmental effects of pesticides.

Demographic Approaches to Same-Sex Relationship Dissolution and Divorce

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Wendy D. Manning ◽  
Kara Joyner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relationship Dissolution ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Same Sex Couples ◽  
Us Supreme Court ◽  
The Relationship

The recent US Supreme Court decision to legalize marriages of same-sex couples has resulted in a surge of new marriages, and some end in divorce. There is a limited research base to draw on to understand the potential patterns and correlates of divorce among same-sex couples. There are only a few recent studies on the instability or dissolution of same-sex relationships in the United States in part because there are only a handful of data sources with large enough samples of same-sex couples that can be used to analyze the instability of same-sex relationships and compare their stability to different-sex relationships. The chapter reviews recent findings on the dissolution of same-sex relationships in Europe and the United States with a focus on the legal status of the relationship, noting areas for future research. It discusses potential opportunities and challenges in new studies of divorce and dissolution among same-sex couples.

Dangerous Liaisons: Examining the Connection of Stalking and Gun Threats Among Partner Abuse Victims

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
TK Logan ◽  
Kellie R. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Partner Abuse ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Survey Results

Little is known about the scope and nature of how guns are used to threaten (ex)partners particularly during periods of stalking, which often occurs after victims leave their abusers. This study examines survey results from over 500 women from across the United States who contacted the National Domestic Violence Hotline. Specifically, this study (a) describes the prevalence and characteristics of partner abuse victims who were and were not stalked and who were and were not threatened with guns, (b) compares types of gun threats experienced by partner abuse victims who were and were not stalked, (c) examines worries about gun threats for those who were and were not stalked among partner abuse victims not threatened with a gun, and (d) assesses factors associated with advice to obtain a gun for personal safety. This article also provides open-ended comments selected to highlight themes from the quantitative information around participant fears and worries about gun threats and stalking. Findings from this study show one-third of the participants had experienced threats with guns, and one-fifth of those without gun threats worried their (ex)partner would harm them with a gun. Furthermore, there was a significant association between stalking and gun threats, as three-fourth of those who were threatened with a gun reported being stalked. Victims who experienced stalking were also more likely to report their (ex)partner threatened others with guns and were more likely to carry a firearm on their body or in their car, which suggests stalkers who threatened with guns may pose a significant risk to public safety. Implications for future research are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document