Determination of the Optimum Dietary Proportions of Lysine and Tryptophan for Growing Pigs Based on Growth, Food Intake and Plasma Metabolites

1977 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 1369-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Lewis ◽  
E. R. Peo ◽  
P. J. Cunningham ◽  
B. D. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Plasma Metabolites

Determination of the Optimum Dietary Proportions of Lysine and Tryptophan for Growing Rats Based on Growth, Food Intake and Plasma Metabolites

1977 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 1361-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Lewis ◽  
E. R. Peo ◽  
P. J. Cunningham ◽  
B. D. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Growing Rats

A comparison of the effects of infection with Eimeria maxima and dietary restriction on weight gain, plasma metabolites and liver glycogen in the immature fowl, Gallus domesticus

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Chapman ◽  
D. L. Fernandes ◽  
T. F. Davison
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Eimeria Maxima

SUMMARYThe effects of Eimeria maxima or restricted pair-feeding on weight gain, plasma concentrations of protein, glucose, free fatty acids (FFA) and uric acid and liver glycogen were compared in immature fowl. Food intake/kg body weight and weight gain decreased during the acute phase of infection (days 5–7) while weight loss was prolonged for an extra day compared with pair-fed birds. During recovery, food intake/kg body weight of infected birds was greater than that of non-infected controls but there was no evidence for an increase in growth rate compared with controls when body weight was considered. Growth rate of pair-fed birds was greater than that of infected birds during recovery, indicating their better use of ingested food. Liver glycogen and plasma protein concentration were decreased during the acute phase of infection but the concentrations of plasma glucose, free fatty acid (FFA) and uric acid were not affected. In pair-fed birds liver glycogen was depleted, concentrations of plasma glucose and uric acid decreased and FFA increased, and these changes persisted for the remainder of the experiment. The findings are similar to those in birds whose food has been withheld and were probably due to the pattern of food intake imposed by the experimental protocol. It is concluded that the metabolic differences between infected and pair-fed birds are of doubtful significance.

Effects of chronic long-acting bromocriptine treatment on liveweight, voluntary food intake, coat growth and breeding season in non-pregnant red deer hinds

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Curlewis ◽  
A. S. I. Loudon ◽  
J. A. Milne ◽  
A. S. McNeilly
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Group B ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

ABSTRACT Seventeen red deer hinds were housed in individual pens and from 28 February until 11 November were injected each week with vehicle (group A; n = 6) or 5 (group B; n = 6) or 12·5 mg (group C; n = 5) of a long-acting formulation of bromocriptine. Liveweight and voluntary food intake (VFI) were recorded for each hind, and blood was collected for determination of progesterone, prolactin, tri-iodothyronine (T3) and cortisol concentrations by radioimmunoassay. Treatment with the high dose of bromocriptine was associated with a significant (P <0·05) reduction in VFI, with the effect being greatest between March and July. There was no treatment effect on liveweight, but there was a significant (P <0·01) interaction between time and treatment due to the faster rate of weight gain in control animals at the beginning of the experiment. Changes in liveweight could be explained by changes in VFI rather than by changes in the efficiency of utilization of intake. Termination of the breeding season was significantly (P <0·01) delayed by 54 days in group C hinds. Growth of the summer coat and subsequent winter coats was delayed by 1 and 3 months respectively in group C hinds, and in groups B and C the duration that animals were in summer coat was increased by about 1 month. The seasonal increase in prolactin concentrations was seen in all groups, but levels were significantly (P <0·05) lower in group C hinds. Concentrations of T3 and cortisol were not affected by bromocriptine. J. Endocr. (1988) 119, 413–420

Abstract MP17: Time Restricted Feeding Improves Cardiovascular Rhythms And Vascular Metabolism In Mice On A Chronic High Fat Diet

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramita Pati ◽  
Dingguo Zhang ◽  
Jackson Colson ◽  
Shannon M Bailey ◽  
Karen L Gamble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Inactive Period ◽  
Cardiovascular Rhythms

Irregular timing of food intake increases hypertension and cardiometabolic disease risk. A chronic high fat diet (HFD) also disrupts circadian rhythms. We hypothesized that active period time restricted feeding (TRF) during the last 2 weeks in mice on a chronic HFD will improve blood pressure rhythm, diurnal variation of circulating plasma factors, and vascular metabolism. Mice (male 8-week old, C57BL/6J) were fed a normal diet (ND; 10% fat) or HFD (45% fat) for 20 weeks ad libitum. For the final 2 weeks, half of the HFD mice were subjected to TRF. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and locomotor activity were assessed by telemetry. TRF significantly increased the active-inactive period difference in MAP and HR in in mice fed a HFD (ΔMAP: ND: 16±0.7 mmHg, HFD: 15±0.8 mmHg, HFD+TRF: 18±0.9 mmHg, n=6-8, p=0.01; ΔHR: ND: 68±5.1 bpm, HFD: 69±6.5 bpm, HFD+TRF: 113±7.9 bpm, n=6-8, p<0.01). Diurnal changes in locomotor activity are not different between groups. At the end of the study, plasma was collected at 4 hour intervals over a 24 hour period (ZT0 at 7AM; ZT12 at 7PM). Circulating levels of liver-derived mediators β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) showed significant differences due to diet but not TRF (βHB, ZT21: ND: 0.16±0.01 mM, HFD: 0.20±0.02 mM, HFD+TRF: 0.19±0.01 mM, n=5-6, p=0.02; IGF-1, ZT5: ND: 232±18 ng/mL, HFD: 292±34 ng/mL , HFD+TRF: 371±14 ng/mL, n=5-6, p<0.01). Plasma leptin was significantly higher in mice on HFD and reduced by TRF at ZT12 (ND: 5.3±1.3 ng/mL, HFD: 22.5±2.9 ng/mL, HFD+TRF: 10.3±3.5ng/mL, n=5-6, p<0.01) and ZT17 (ND: 6.7±1.1 ng/mL, HFD: 32.5±3.0 ng/mL, HFD+TRF: 25.0±1.3 ng/mL, n=5-6, p<0.01). Plasma adiponectin was unchanged between all groups. TRF in HFD mice increased NAD + , important for metabolism, in renal vessels at ZT17 (HFD: 0.10±0.02 pmol/μg; HFD+TRF: 0.19±0.03 pmol/μg; n=5, p=0.03). Aortic NAD + at ZT1 was not affected by TRF in HFD mice (HFD: 1.83±0.35 pmol/μg, HFD+TRF: 1.35±0.35 pmol/μg, n=4, p=0.37). Our results indicate that TRF in mice on HFD increases the active-inactive period difference in MAP and HR and alters plasma metabolites, suggesting the timing of food intake on a chronic HFD improves cardiovascular rhythms with increased renal vascular metabolism and reduced leptin levels.

scholarly journals PSVIII-5 Determination of true digestibility and the endogenous outputs of magnesium in corn for growing pigs by using the regression analysis technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 285-285
Author(s):  
Hongzhi Wu ◽  
Xindi Yin ◽  
Zeyu Yang ◽  
Tania Archbold ◽  
Wenyi Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Diet Formulation ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract Dietary magnesium (Mg) is essential to bone mineralization. Supplemental Mg is typically not considered in commercial swine diets by assuming high bioavailability of Mg from bulky feed ingredients such as corn grain. The objectives of this study were to determine true ileal and fecal digestibility and the endogenous losses of Mg associated with corn in growing pigs by the regression analysis technique. A total of 48 barrows, with an average initial body weight (BW) 32 kg, were randomly assigned to 6 grower pig diets and were fed close to ad libitum for 10 d, with 8-d adaptation and 2-d collection fecal and the terminal ileal digesta samples, according to a randomized complete block design. Six cornstarch-based diets, containing 6 levels of Mg at 0.22, 0.32, 0.38, 0.51, 0.71 and 0.79 g/kg dry matter intake (DMI) of diets, were formulated from corn. There were linear relationships (P &lt; 0.05), expressed as g/kg DMI, between the ileal and fecal outputs of Mg and the total intake of dietary Mg, suggesting that true ileal and fecal Mg indigestibility values (94.8±12.5 vs. 89.2±17.7%); and the ileal and fecal endogenous Mg outputs (0.16±0.02 vs. 0.21±0.11, g/kg DMI of diets) associated with corn could be estimated by the regression analysis. Our results have shown that Mg associated with conventional corn grain was very poorly digested and the gastrointestinal endogenous fecal loss of Mg was significant in the grower pig. Thus, Mg bioavailability in feeds for pigs should be assessed and supplemental of Mg may be warranted in swine diet formulation.

scholarly journals PSVIII-6 The small intestinal responses in the determination of true digestibility and the endogenous outputs of phosphorus in corn for growing pig using the regression analysis technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
Hongzhi Wu ◽  
Zeyu Yang ◽  
Xindi Yin ◽  
Tania Archbold ◽  
Wenyi Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Gut Permeability ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
True Digestibility ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Abstract It is of important methodological considerations to understand how the small intestine would respond to feeding of a series of assay diets deficient in gradient levels of phosphorus (Pi) associated with corn in growing pigs by the regression analysis technique (TRAT). A total of 48 barrows, with an average initial BW 32 kg, were randomly assigned to 6 grower pig diets and were fed close to ad libitum for 10 d, with 8-d adaptation and 2-d collection fecal samples, according to a randomized complete block design. Six cornstarch-based diets, containing 6 levels of Pi at 1.3, 1.9, 2.0, 3.6, 3.4 and 4.0 g/kg DMI, were formulated from corn. The gut permeability marker of D-mannitol was fed 0.30 g/kg BW at 4 h, prior to be sacrificed for sampling. ADG and the apparent ileal DM digestibility were linearly affected (P &lt; 0.05); however, the ADFI, feed conversion ratio, the apparent fecal DM digestibility, transcellular gut permeability and the jejunal alkaline phosphatase kinetics were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by the increasing dietary levels of corn inclusion. There were linear relationships (P &lt; 0.05), expressed as g/kg DMI, between the apparent ileal and fecal digestible Pi and the total intake of dietary Pi, suggesting that true ileal and fecal Pi digestibility (33.3±4.7 vs. 52.7±3.8%); and the endogenous Pi outputs (0.37±0.12 vs. 0.60±0.09, g/kg DMI) associated with corn could be estimated by the TRAT. Our results have shown that the intestinal physiological functions were not affected in the grower pigs fed on a series of test diets that were deficient in gradient levels of multiple assay nutrients, including macro-minerals, crude protein and amino acids supplied from the testing corn, for a period of 10 d, in the determination of corn-specific true digestibility and the endogenous outputs of Pi by the TRAT.

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