High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing Better Preserves the Nutrient and Bioactive Compound Composition of Human Donor Milk

ABSTRACT Background When mother's milk is insufficient, pasteurized human donor milk (DM) is the recommended supplement for hospitalized very-low-birth-weight infants. The current method of pasteurization (Holder, 62.5°C, 30 min) negatively affects heat-sensitive nutrients and bioactive proteins. Objectives Objectives of this study were to compare changes in DM composition after thermal pasteurization (Holder and flash-heating) and nonthermal methods [UV-C irradiation and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)]. We hypothesized that nonthermal techniques would result in fewer changes to composition. Methods Holder, flash-heating (brought to boil), UV-C irradiation (250 nm, 25 min), and HHP (500 MPa, 8 min) were studied. Pools of milk from 17 women known to contain bacteria at >5 × 107 colony forming units (CFU)/L were collected from the Rogers Hixon Ontario Human Milk Bank and underwent each pasteurization technique. Macronutrients, heat-sensitive micronutrients (vitamin C, folate), and bioactive components [bile-salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL), lysozyme, lactoferrin] were measured in raw and pools of pasteurized milk. Milk was cultured to determine how well each technique produced a culture negative result (detection limit <1 × 103 CFU/L). Results Folate was reduced by 24–27% after Holder, flash-heating, and UV-C (P < 0.05); no reduction was observed after HHP. All pasteurization methods reduced vitamin C (60–75%, P < 0.001). BSSL was abolished after Holder and flash-heating (P < 0.001), reduced after UV-C (48%, P < 0.001), but unaffected by HHP. Lysozyme activity was reduced after flash-heating (44%) and UV-C (74%, P < 0.004) but unaffected by Holder or HHP. Lactoferrin was reduced by all methods (P < 0.02) but most severely by flash-heating (74%) and least severely by HHP (25%). Holder and UV-C reduced lactoferrin by ∼48%. All pasteurization methods reduced the number of culture positive DM samples (P < 0.001). Conclusions HHP better preserves human milk composition than Holder pasteurization. Future research on the feasibility of HHP for pasteurizing human milk is warranted because its implementation may improve the nutritional status and health of DM-fed infants.

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Comparison of Calorie and Protein Intake of Very Low Birth Weight Infants Receiving Mother's Own Milk or Donor Milk When the Nutrient Composition of Human Milk Is Measured With a Breast Milk Analyzer

Nutrition in Clinical Practice ◽

10.1002/ncp.10060 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 679-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Melanie Newkirk ◽

Fauzia Shakeel ◽

Prabhu Parimi ◽

Pamela Rothpletz-Puglia ◽

Rachael Patusco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Human Milk ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Nutrient Composition ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Donor Milk ◽

Mother’S Own Milk

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Comparative Effects of Thermal, High Hydrostatic Pressure, and UV-C Processing on the Quality, Nutritional Attributes, and Inactivation of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Listeria Introduced into Tiger Nut Milk

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-493 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 82 (6) ◽

pp. 971-979 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

YAN ZHU ◽

ASMA A. ELBRHAMI ◽

VLADIMIR POPOVIĆ ◽

TATIANA KOUTCHMA ◽

KEITH WARRINER

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Hydrostatic Pressure ◽

Thermal Treatment ◽

Vitamin C ◽

High Hydrostatic Pressure ◽

Color Change ◽

Uv Light ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Uv C

ABSTRACT Tiger nut milk is a low-acid health beverage that is marketed with the claims of being high in protein, monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid), fiber, starch, and minerals, in addition to vitamins C and E. In this study, the effect of nonthermal processing with UV light (UV-C) or high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on the nutritive content (protein, vitamin C, polyphenols, and antioxidant), and quality characteristics (viscosity and color) of tiger nut milk were compared with thermal processing. Baseline studies established the treatments parameters to support a >5-log CFU reduction of Escherichia coli P36, Listeria innocua ATCC 51742, and Salmonella Typhimurium WG49 introduced into tiger nut milk and then treated with thermal or nonthermal methods. The thermal treatment at 60°C for 30 min, HHP at 500 MPa for 120 s, and UV-C at 45.2 mJ cm−2 were required to achieve the target 5-log reduction. Thermal treatment resulted in a significant loss (P < 0.05) of total protein (34.9%), total phenolic content (28.7%), and vitamin C (27.1%) and negatively affected the tiger nut milk color, along with decreasing its viscosity. In contrast, HHP and UV-C light treatment retained protein and antioxidant content in tiger nut milk with no significant (P > 0.05) color change being recorded. Therefore, from a processing prospective, either UV-C light or HHP could be used to treat tiger nut milk, although additional hurdles to control the potential outgrowth of Clostridium botulinum during storage would be required. HIGHLIGHTS

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Erratum: Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Exposed to Donor Milk

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1722896 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kousiki Patra ◽

Michelle M. Greene ◽

Grace Tobin ◽

Gina Casini ◽

Anita L. Esquerra-Zwiers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Donor Milk

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Milk Feeding and Short-Term Growth in Preterm and Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13062089 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 2089

Author(s):

Machiko Suganuma ◽

Alice R. Rumbold ◽

Jacqueline Miller ◽

Yan Fong Chong ◽

Carmel T. Collins

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Human Milk ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Preterm Formula ◽

Meta Analyses

Human milk (HM) is the gold standard for feeding infants but has been associated with slower growth in preterm infants compared with preterm formula. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarises the post-1990 literature to examine the effect of HM feeding on growth during the neonatal admission of preterm infants with birth weight ≤1500 g and/or born ≤28 weeks’ gestation. Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched, and comparisons were grouped as exclusive human milk (EHM) vs. exclusive preterm formula (EPTF), any HM vs. EPTF, and higher vs. lower doses of HM. We selected studies that used fortified HM and compared that with a PTF; studies comparing unfortified HM and term formula were excluded. Experimental and observational studies were pooled separately. The GRADE system was used to evaluate risk of bias and certainty of evidence. Forty-four studies were included with 37 (n = 9963 infants) included in the meta-analyses. In general, due to poor quality studies, evidence of the effect of any HM feeds or higher versus lower doses of HM was inconclusive. There was a possible effect that lower doses of HM compared with higher doses of HM improved weight gain during the hospital admission, and separately, a possible effect of increased head circumference growth in infants fed EPTF vs. any HM. The clinical significance of this is unclear. There was insufficient evidence to determine the effects of an exclusive HM diet on any outcomes.

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