scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Adherence and Self-Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 977-982
Author(s):  
Jill M Plevinsky ◽  
Melissa A Young ◽  
Julia K Carmody ◽  
Lindsay K Durkin ◽  
Kaitlyn L Gamwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unique circumstances that have the potential to both positively and negatively affect pediatric adherence and self-management in youth with chronic medical conditions. The following paper discusses how these circumstances (e.g., stay-at-home orders, school closures, changes in pediatric healthcare delivery) impact disease management at the individual, family, community, and healthcare system levels. We also discuss how barriers to pediatric adherence and self-management exacerbated by the pandemic may disproportionately affect underserved and vulnerable populations, potentially resulting in greater health disparities. Given the potential for widespread challenges to pediatric disease management during the pandemic, ongoing monitoring and promotion of adherence and self-management is critical. Technology offers several opportunities for this via telemedicine, electronic monitoring, and mobile apps. Moreover, pediatric psychologists are uniquely equipped to develop and implement adherence-promotion efforts to support youth and their families in achieving and sustaining optimal disease management as the current public health situation continues to evolve. Research efforts addressing the short- and long-term impact of the pandemic on pediatric adherence and self-management are needed to identify both risk and resilience factors affecting disease management and subsequent health outcomes during this unprecedented time.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the organizational performance of manufacturing firms

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 184797901771262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Adnan Al-Tit
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Numerous studies have been conducted to explore the individual effects of organizational culture (OC) and supply chain management (SCM) practices on organizational performance (OP) in different settings. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of OC and SCM on OP. The sample of the study consisted of 93 manufacturing firms in Jordan. Data were collected from employees and managers from different divisions using a reliable and valid measurement instrument. The findings confirm that both OC and SCM practices significantly predict OP. The current study is significant in reliably testing the relationship between SCM practices and OP; however, it is necessary to consider cultural assumptions, values and beliefs as the impact of OC on OP is greater than the impact of SCM practices. Based on the results, future studies should consider the moderating and mediating role of OC on the relationship between SCM practices and OP.

Factors Affecting Knowledge Acquisition

2015 ◽  
pp. 235-258
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
International Joint Ventures ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Although there is a growing literature on knowledge management, limited attention has been paid to the factors that influence the process of knowledge acquisition. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to bring forward the main elements that may stimulate or inhibit knowledge acquisition at both the individual and organizational level. Knowledge acquisition is mainly affected by a company's absorptive capacity, organizational context and structure, and inter-firm alliances. These may increase the firm's awareness of the external challenges and stimulate inter-organizational interactions. The impact of each of these factors is highly visible in the context of international joint ventures. Still, in this case, another factor interferes, namely cultural specificity.

Self-Management of Arthritis

2017 ◽  
pp. 171-196
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Brooks ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
Fong Chan
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Arthritis is ranked among the top causes of disability in the United States and worldwide. Despite recent improvements in medications and medical treatment, there is no known cure for arthritis. Providing evidence-based psychoeducation and counseling services to people with arthritis lessens the impact of pain-related symptoms and disability on the individual and society. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the most common arthritic conditions, co-occurring physical conditions, and psychosocial factors associated with arthritis. Barriers to self-management and existing self-management programs are also discussed along with the current state of scientific evidence. The chapter concludes with some questions for future research.

Factors Affecting Human Time Perception: Do Feelings of Rejection Increase the Rate of Subjective Timing?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-147
Author(s):  
Aoife McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Peer Rejection ◽  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Time Distortion ◽  
Expérience Subjective ◽  
Fight Or Flight Response ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Research in the area of human sub-second-to-second timing has uncovered that emotional stimuli can influence our subjective timing, with much research highlighting that stimuli portraying high arousal negative emotions (for example, images of angry faces) cause a subjective lengthening effect, based on a potential fight or flight response. Further research has shown that in order for this effect to occur, the individual needs to be able to emulate the emotion that they have seen, suggesting that responses differ dependant on whether the individual is timing an emotional stimulus, or the individual is emotional while timing a neutral stimulus. Research in the area of social psychology has previously highlighted a link between social exclusion (peer rejection) and time distortion at the minute-to-multiple-minute range, with social exclusion causing a subjective lengthening effect of duration, supposedly due to cognitive deconstruction and emotional numbing. The current study aimed to investigate this further by examining the impact of peer rejection on sub-second-to-second timing. Participants completed a bisection task and were subsequently made to feel either rejected, or accepted by their peers. After this intervention stage, they again completed the bisection task. It was hypothesised that those who were rejected would experience subjective lengthening of duration, whereas those who were accepted would experience subjective shortening of duration. These hypotheses were supported. Implications and limitations of the study are also discussed.

scholarly journals Taking Students on a Journey to El Yunque

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven McGee ◽  
Jess K. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Science Curriculum ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
Hurricane Impact ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

As the developers of Journey to El Yunque, we have taken a different approach to the process of designing a science curriculum. Rather than start with a specific set of concepts or skills to target as learning outcomes, we started by identifying a specific community of practice to which we sought to connect students. Researchers in the El Yunque rainforest in Puerto Rico have been studying the impact of hurricanes on ecosystem dynamics and have been modeling what the long-term impact would be if changes to the global climate increase the frequency of severe hurricanes. Therefore, hurricane impact became the focal phenomenon for the unit. We modeled the process of investigating hurricane impact after the long-term ecological research practices of researchers in El Yunque. Students begin by investigating the long-term impact of hurricanes on the producers in El Yunque. Next students investigate the long-term impact of hurricanes on various consumers in the rainforest. Finally, students investigate how hurricanes impact the cycling of resources directly as well as indirectly through changes in organisms’ use of those resources in the rainforest. A central tension in the design process is how to coherently represent the spatial relationships between the components of the ecosystem and the temporal dynamics of the individual components. In this paper, we present the evolution of the program as we sought to balance that design tension and build an environment that connects students to the central phenomenon and practices of the community of researchers in El Yunque. 

Self-Management of Epilepsy

2017 ◽  
pp. 319-339
Author(s):  
Janice M. Buelow ◽  
W. Henry Smithson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Life Choices ◽  
Psychological Strain ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Epilepsy is a stigmatizing condition characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures that can restrict life choices, lead to a reduced quality of life, and psychological strain. Self-management can be defined as the sum of steps needed to gain seizure control, to minimize the impact of living with epilepsy, and to maximize quality of life. The individual with epilepsy has to manage much more than just medication: they have to know about diagnosis and treatment, the best ways to manage the condition, and ways of maintaining psychosocial functioning. This chapter uses case studies and literature to describe various coping strategies and interventions to enhance self-management for people with epilepsy.

scholarly journals Determinants of job quality — Evidence for European country groups

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nádia Simões ◽  
Nuno Crespo ◽  
José Castro Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Job Quality ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
European Working ◽  
Worker Characteristics ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Based on a micro-level approach and using data from the European Working Conditions Survey, covering 27 countries, we analyse the determinants of job quality. With cluster analysis applied to 11 dimensional indices, we form three homogeneous country groups and identify, by estimating twice-censored Tobit models, the main determinant factors affecting the individual level of job quality in each group. We verify the relevance of variables related to worker characteristics, firm characteristics, and the country in which the individual works. Among worker characteristics, education and employment status are the factors with the highest impact on job quality, while the economic sector is the most important firm characteristic. The results suggest the existence of important differences among groups regarding the magnitude of the impact of some factors. The highest dissimilarities are found between the group with better jobs (Nordic countries plus Belgium) and the group with lower quality jobs (Central and Eastern European countries plus Portugal and Greece). Variables related to age, education, dimension of the firm, and economic sector are those in which more heterogeneity is found among the groups.

Epidemiology: Who Is Affected?

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Intellectual disability is the most common developmental disorder and the most handicapping of the disorders beginning in childhood. It ranks as first among chronic conditions that limit full participation in society. Epidemiologic approaches provide a basis for understanding the distribution and dynamics of health, disease, and disorder for persons with intellectual disability; epidemiology is the foundation of public health practice. Because it relies largely on statistical methods, accurate data and clear definitions are essential. The interpretation of epidemiologic information requires background knowledge of demography, social sciences, environmental science, and the clinical sciences. Although epidemiologic studies are essential in establishing prevalence, and in describing the demography of a disorder, the role of epidemiology is far more extensive than this. Epidemiology can teach us about the nature and scope of intellectual disability and associated general medical, behavioral, emotional, and psychiatric problems. In so doing, epidemiologic approaches may be combined with neurobiologic and psychosocial measures. Moreover, epidemiologic studies can disclose individual developmental trajectories and the influences that shape those trajectories. Some of these influences promote risk; others provide protection and promote resiliency in the individual. Finally, experimental approaches in epidemiology allow the study of causative processes, factors that influence the course of the disorder, and service needs. It is these more extensive uses of epidemiology that are called for in future research. Chapter 3 outlines the classification of intellectual disability. This chapter will discuss the use of definitions of intellectual disability in establishing its prevalence, factors affecting prevalence, variability in rates in the various states, demographic features including the impact of increasing life expectancy, associated physical, behavioral, and emotional impairments, and new research directions. Accurate estimates of the number of intellectually disabled individuals are required for planning purposes and to gain better knowledge of the impact of interventions. Studies of the prevalence and incidence of intellectual disability date back to at least 1811, when Napoleon ordered a census of “cretins” to be made in one of the Swiss cantons (Kanner, 1964). Although little information is available about how this census was used, many surveys have been carried out since that time.

Entering the Retirement Zone: How Much Choice do Individuals Have?

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Vickerstaff
Keyword(s):  
Individual Difference ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Individual Difference Variables ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Policies And Practices

Traditionally the factors affecting retirement are correlated with individual difference variables such as level of income, health issues and caring responsibilities. Studies have shown how these factors interact to predict the individual retirement process. However, the demand-side factors which structure opportunities for older workers have been somewhat less studied. This paper explores the employer role in retirement. By investigating the experience of employees and retirees from three organisations this article demonstrates that the employing organisation's policies and practices are key to understanding retirement transitions. In the conclusion the impact of forthcoming age discrimination legislation is considered.

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