In a flash of time: knowledge resources that enable professional cross-boundary work

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cross ◽  
Juani Swart
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Network Organizations ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Project Network ◽  
Or Organization

Abstract In this paper, we highlight the networked context of the professions. In particular, we indicate that neo-classical professionals tend to work across organizational boundaries in project teams, often to meet the needs of clients and the wider society. However, little is known about the resources that professionals draw on to meet immediate, fast paced, client demands in project network organizations (PNOs). We pinpoint how knowledge resources, human, social and organizational capital enable professionals to produce outputs at a fast pace/tempo. Temporality emerged as an unexpected but key issue in our empirical research and we explore this further here. First, we put forward how professional work organization(s) has changed by focusing on the boundaries of organizations, and how this is often temporary and project-driven. Second, we use the specific lens of knowledge resources which are drawn upon to enable networked working and ask the question: which knowledge resources enable professionals to work at a fast pace within networks? Third, appreciative of the vast literature on temporary and networked organizations in professional work, our focus is beyond a single profession or organization, and hence, we build upon the prior research on PNOs. We do this by drawing on empirical data of a humanitarian aid project networked organization (HN) that upscales across its network at high speed, often within days, to generate funds for humanitarian disasters in order to save lives.

Management of a Virtual Construction Management Services Company

2010 ◽  
pp. 1323-1336
Author(s):  
Wafa Alsakini ◽  
Juhani Kiiras ◽  
Pekka Huovinen
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Dynamic Networks ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Virtual Construction ◽  
Organizational Perspective ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Network Organizations ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Groups And Teams ◽  
Internal Networks

Networking is the organizational form of the information age. Network organizations signify a form of collaboration designed to facilitate economic exchange and to provide an environment for interaction between people (social exchange). Economic actors are likely to sacrifice some of their own preferences in the pursuit of collective goals (Fleisch & Österle, 2000; Franke, 2001). Network organizations are characterized by (1) a purpose and shared goals unifying members, (2) independent members benefiting from being part of a whole, (3) voluntary links between members, (4) multiple leaders providing greater resilience, and (5) many levels integrating organizations, units, and people. From an intra-organizational perspective, networks are the collections of individuals and sub-units within one and the same organizational boundaries. From an interorganizational perspective, networks are the collections of more or less independent individual economic actors such as, companies, institutions, and research organizations (Franke, 2001). Three network types involve (1) internal networks as the loose associations of autonomous groups and teams, (2) stable networks where focal firms engage in long-term relationships with external suppliers or partners, and (3) dynamic networks as the temporary alliances of independent firms with key skills usually organized around a leading or brokering firm based on the exploitation of market opportunities.

Analysis and Optimization of Hangzhou East Area Traffic Based on the Congestion Index Detection Platform

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 2182-2186
Author(s):  
Ling Yan Ge ◽  
Bi Feng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
The Road ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
Congestion Index

With the rapid development of urbanization in China and the motorization’s fast pace of high speed as well as the national automobile industry process, many cities in our country have been facing a huge problem - traffic congestion in recent years. And the essence of the problem is the imbalance between road traffic supply and traffic demand in the process of urban development. Aimed at the problem of traffic congestion, this paper based on Hangzhou city’s traffic congestion index of monitoring data from testing platform and statistical data from field survey , studied the Hangzhou east area of road traffic running situation, analyzed the causes of the east area of Hangzhou road congestion, and thus to adjust and optimize the road traffic system of the area, put forward reasonable system solutions and proposals to improve the management level

scholarly journals HIGH-SPEED URBANISM. DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT "PID HOLOSKOM" IN LVIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
Cherkes B ◽  
◽  
Fenchuk O ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Construction Documents ◽  
Urban Characteristics

The article is devoted to the study of a new residential area in Lviv, called Pid Holosko. It describes the process of formation of the district, from historical to the present day, and its participation in the development of the city. On the basis of the research identified the main characteristics of the new urban development, the number of houses built and the prospects for its development, the number of inhabitants, the intensity of buildings, the provision of educational institutions and recreation. The main urban characteristics of the region as well as phenomena that accompany present-day processes of urban development in Ukraine are investigated. The article is divided by the main types of urban characteristics into the stage of formation, indicators of residential construction and population, the state of social and infrastructural infrastructure and the forecasted prospective development. Problem statement. New residential suburb Holosko today is one of the largest housing estates in Lviv, with implementation rate growing day by day. The gradual development of such a city-building structure leads to problems such as: lack of educational institutions and social services, underdeveloped street and transport infrastructure, lack of parking spaces, the lack of public spaces and elements of sports infrastructure, etc. In order to solve these problems, an analysis of the processes of formation and current development of Pid Holosko is needed, with the aim of developing a comprehensive concept of the city's development. An analysis of recent research and publications. Up until now, the development of the residential micro-region Pid Holosko has not actually been investigated. The main materials are the elaborated construction documents and the authors' own research. The planning structure and energy supply of the district at the municipal level was studied in the studies of L. Shuldan. The aim of this article is to investigate the peculiarities of formation of the new residential micro-district of Pid Holosko and to carry out an integrated analysis of its urban characteristics. On the basis of the conducted research the main problems associated with the fast pace of development of the area and the determination of its development trends in conditions of modern urban development processes were defined.

scholarly journals How Does Knowledge Coupling Affect Firm’s Incremental Innovation? The Moderating Effects of Government Support Policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zhou Huiping ◽  
Yang Yuxin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Influence ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Incremental Innovation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Innovative Environment ◽  
Coupling Strategies

Acquiring and combining different knowledge elements across organizational boundaries has become an important strategy for firms’ innovation outcomes. Based on the theory of resource orchestration, this paper divides knowledge coupling into two dimensions: complementary knowledge coupling and substitutable knowledge coupling. Then, this study aims to explore the different impacts of knowledge coupling types on firm’s incremental innovation and verify the moderating role of government support policies in this relationship. Based on the survey of 279 high-tech enterprises from China, our analysis results indicate the following. (1) Complementary knowledge coupling has an inverted U-shaped impact on firm’s incremental innovation, while substitutable knowledge coupling has a positive influence on incremental innovation. (2) The fitness between government support policies and knowledge coupling types can promote the result of firm’s incremental innovation: when firms adopt complementary knowledge coupling strategies, finance and taxation support policies are more conducive to firm’s incremental innovation; when enterprises use substitutable knowledge coupling strategies, innovative environment support policies are better for the promotion of firm’s incremental innovation. The research results provide a theoretical basis for firms to select appropriate government support strategies to exert the effects of innovation based on characteristics of internal and external knowledge resources.

A Secure Knowledge Resource Management Theory for IT/IS Outsourcing

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Kevin Duncan ◽  
Evan Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Knowledge Resource ◽  
Is Outsourcing ◽  
Control Theories

There is a delicate dance between outsourcing vendors and the secure management of their knowledge resources at play. The challenge for the vendor stems from their need to earn their clients trust by engendering high levels of confidence in their abilities to effectively deliver goods and services sought by the client without compromising the security of their knowledge resources. The potential for the outsourcing vendor project teams to interact with a diverse set of clients adds and even greater level of complexity. However, some IT/IS outsourcing vendors manage to successfully execute this balancing act. Given the socio-technical nature of this phenomenon the authors will look to institutional, resource-based view and managerial control theories as avenues via which they seek to gain some understanding as to how they secure their knowledge resources.

scholarly journals Biomechanical Exposure to Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorder Risk Factors in Hospital Laboratories

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Jung-Keun Park ◽  
Jon Boyer ◽  
Laura Punnett
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Pinch Grip ◽  
Job Titles ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
Moderate Range ◽  
Or Organization

Exposure to ergonomic risk factors has been reported for laboratory workers over decades. However, these exposures are not well characterized with respect to the type of laboratory or work organization. This study compared biomechanical exposure to upper extremity (UE) postures and hand activity levels (HALs) in general hospital laboratories by job, work, and laboratory type. The study used observational data gathered using a revised version of the Posture, Activity, Tools, and Handling (PATH) method, generating frequencies of categorized exposures. Eighteen workers were observed in 11 job titles (seven laboratories) in a single hospital by two investigators over a 7 month period. A taxonomy was constructed to categorize the extent to which the laboratory operations were automated. Overall, there were markedly high exposures to postural strain for the distal UE, especially wrist/forearm deviation (73% of observations), gross grasp (71%), and pinch grip (49%). For the HAL categories, 61% of the observations were in the moderate range (3.3–<6.7). Shoulders and elbows tended to remain in the neutral postural range. Posture frequencies were similar among the job categories studied and laboratory types. HAL was higher when the hand was in a pinch grip. Manual operations represented a higher proportion of work time than semi-automated or automated operations. Biomechanical exposure can be documented more extensively and diversely when using the revised PATH approach along with the taxonomy, with respect to exposure variables, such as the type of job, work, or organization in the industry including the hospital laboratories.

scholarly journals Combination of professional and parental labor in assessments of Ural women: objective and subjective barriers

2021 ◽  
pp. 150-167
Author(s):  
Anna Bagirova ◽  
Natalia Blednova
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Parental Work ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Working Day

The article considers the problem of combining two types of labor activity — professional and parental labor. The aim of the research is to identify objective and subjective barriers for combination of these two labor spheres. We focus on specific elements of the organization of labor of working mothers (length of the working week and working day, time of the start and the end of work, alternation of work and days off, leave period, form of work organization) and on identifying subjective barriers that prevent the effective combination of professional and parental labor. We conducted an online survey of 265 women aged 18 to 45 working in various organizations in the Sverdlovsk region. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and group comparison based on nonparametric criteria. The results of the study are as follows: the length of the working day, as well as the time of its beginning and end, act as objective barriers to combining professional and parental work for Ural women. The subjective barriers preventing the effective combination of professional and parental work for Ural women are stereotypes of employers and colleagues who do not have children, based on the perception of the low efficiency of professional activities of workers with children, the negative impact of children on the implementation of professional work and the professional career of parents, misunderstanding of the advantages that children give to workers with children in the process of their professional work. The presence of such subjective barriers often entails refusals in employment of subjects of parental labor, a deterioration in the attitude of the employers towards them, and increases the likelihood of going on unpaid leave.

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