scholarly journals Long-term natural gas contracts and antitrust law in the European Union and the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-315i ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Talus
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antitrust Law ◽  
The European Union

scholarly journals Relationalism and changes in international relations: An example of the influence of algorithmic power on the structure of everyday life and the emergence of national populism

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-309
Author(s):  
Milos Vukelic
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Internet Presence ◽  
National Populism

The paper points out that there is a way to comprehend the phenomenon of national populism from the perspective of the international relations discipline. Additionally, to provide an interpretation of why national populism occurred in the United States and the European Union after 2014. The emergence of national populism in the United States and the European Union countries has endangered the survival of the liberal-democratic paradox. There are numerous scientific explanations attempting to explain how this phenomenon came about. In this paper, I will reduce these explanations to cultural, economic, and political arguments and arguments about human nature and the long-term logic of modernity. The author argues that these explanations have a research gap since there is no answer to why national populism occurred in 2014 simultaneously in the EU and the United States. As a set of tools in the international relations discipline, the author finds that relationalism provides us with lenses that can open up a space to claim that the simultaneous change, embodied in the emergence of national populism, occurred due to a change in the structure of the everyday. Therefore, the paper consists of an interdisciplinary literature review of relationalism in international relations, everyday nationalism, the influence of algorithmic power and algorithmic politics on the structure of human internet presence, and the existing works that indicate the source of national populism?s emergence. By proving the claims, the author points out the importance of studying processes in order to understand the events and changes in international relations that have occurred since 2014.

23. Drifting apart? The emerging end of the transatlantic partnership

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Walt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Euro Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Defence Policy

This chapter examines the transatlantic partnership between Europe and the United States. It first considers US strategic interests and how they are now changing, along with the implications of this shift for US foreign and defence policy priorities. It then describes some of the fundamental challenges faced by the European Union, including over-expansion, the demise of the Warsaw Pact, the euro crisis, a deteriorating regional environment, the persistence of nationalism, and the refugee crisis. It argues that these challenges threaten the liberal order that is one of the West’s most salient achievements, raise serious questions about the EU’s long-term future, and make Europe a less reliable and valuable partner for the United States. The chapter concludes with an assessment of possible prospects for the US-Europe relations, including the (slim) possibility of a genuine renewal in transatlantic ties.

scholarly journals The trade of energy commodities between the European Union and the United States – crude oil and natural gas

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-156
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Olkuski ◽  
Adam Szurlej ◽  
Barbara Tora
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

AbstractThe trend towards globalization can be observed for many years. It is reflected by the ongoing elimination of trade barriers between countries and the introduction of a system of mutual recognition of quality standards. The best example is the European Union, where a common market for many industries has been developed. Such a common market has already existed before in the United States of America and that this is why the negotiations on the merger of the largest and most developed economies in the world started in 2013. The currently negotiated agreement, the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is designed to eliminate barriers to trade and capital flows between the two mentioned markets. The article attempts to evaluate the trade of energy commodities, namely crude oil and natural gas, between the European Union and the United States. The estimates for the next years are based on historical data and the current state. The dynamics of natural gas and crude oil production in the European Union and the United States, as well as changes in the import and export of these energy resources, have been shown. The volume of gas production from the largest North American deposits was also subjected to analysis. Special attention was paid to natural gas from unconventional deposits, as its production is expected to grow continuously until 2040. Meanwhile, the production of gas from conventional deposits is expected to decrease. The rest of the paper is focused on the balance sheets of cash for oil and natural gas. It was pointed out that the market situation for both commodities is different. In the EU, the production and consumption of both crude oil and natural gas gradually decreases, while in the United States this trend is reversed. On the other hand, some similarities can be seen in the refining industry. In recent years, many refineries were closed both in the European Union and in the United States. However, though this trend was more pronounced in Europe. In the case of liquefied gas (LNG), the expansion of US gas to Europe can be expected. Currently, the United States is building about 30 export terminals and production surpluses will certainly be exported to Europe. Judging by the pace of development of export terminals, it can be assumed that the power of condensation can reach up to 110 million tons in the near future and, as a consequence, natural gas in the form of LNG will be supplied to the European market.

Russian Federation and the United States of America: geostrategic directions to manage the Ukrainian crisis

2019 ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Attarid Awadh Abdulhameed
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
National Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
Zero Sum

Ukrainia Remains of huge importance to Russian Strategy because of its Strategic importance. For being a privileged Postion in new Eurasia, without its existence there would be no logical resons for eastward Expansion by European Powers.  As well as in Connection with the progress of Ukrainian is no less important for the USA (VSD, NDI, CIA, or pentagon) and the European Union with all organs, and this is announced by John Kerry. There has always ben Russian Fear and Fear of any move by NATO or USA in the area that it poses a threat to  Russians national Security and its independent role and in funence  on its forces especially the Navy Forces. There for, the Crisis manyement was not Zero sum game, there are gains and offset losses, but Russia does not accept this and want a Zero Sun game because the USA. And European exteance is a Foot hold in Regin Which Russian sees as a threat to its national security and want to monopolize control in the strategic Qirim.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT FRENCH FOREIGN POLICY ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Nargiza Sodikova ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Modern Time ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Interests ◽  
French Foreign Policy

Important aspects of French foreign policy and national interests in the modern time,France's position in international security and the specifics of foreign affairs with the United States and the European Union are revealed in this article

Ocena antykryzysowej polityki gospodarczej Stanów Zjednoczonych i wybranych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej w latach 2005–2014

2016 ◽  
pp. 26-46
Author(s):  
Marcin Jan Flotyński
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Domestic Products

The global financial crisis in 2007–2009 began a period of high volatility on the financial markets. Specifically, it caused an increased amplitude of fluctuations of the level of gross domestic products, the level of investment and consumption and exchange rates in particular countries. To address the adverse market circumstances, governments and central banks took actions in order to bolster the weakening global economy. The aim of this article is to present the anti-crisis actions in the United States and selected member states of the European Union, including Poland, and an assessment of their efficiency. The analysis conducted indicates that generally the actions taken in the United States in response to the crisis were faster and more adequate to the existing circumstances than in the European Union.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document