scholarly journals Is the remobilization of S and N reserves for seed filling of winter oilseed rape modulated by sulphate restrictions occurring at different growth stages?

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (15) ◽  
pp. 4313-4324 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Dubousset ◽  
P. Etienne ◽  
J. C. Avice
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Different Growth Stages

scholarly journals Remote Estimation of Biomass in Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Using Canopy Hyperspectral Data at Different Growth Stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Ma ◽  
Shenghui Fang ◽  
Yi Peng ◽  
Yan Gong ◽  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Quantitative Relation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Correlation Analyses ◽  
Different Growth Stages

The dry aboveground biomass (AGB) is an important parameter in assessing crop growth and predicting yield. This study aims to ascertain the optimal methods for the spectroscopic estimation of winter oilseed rape (WOR) biomass. The different fertilizer-N gradients WOR were planted to collect biomass data and canopy hyperspectral data in two years of field experiments. Correlation analyses and partial least squares regression (PLSR) were performed between canopy hyperspectral data and AGB, and the linear and non-linear regression models simulated the quantitative relation between the vegetation indices (VIs) and AGB at four different growth stages (seeding, bolting, flowering, and pod stage). The results indicated that VIs that were derived from canopy hyperspectral data could estimate AGB accurately: (1) At the seeding and bolting stage, the CIred edge showed excellent performance with the higher accuracy (R2 ranged from 0.60–0.95) as compared to the other six VIs (Green chlorophyll index (CIgreen), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), Green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), ratio vegetation index (RVI), DVI, and soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI)); (2) Correlation analyses and PLSR can effectively extract the feature wavelengths (800 nm and 1200 nm) for biomass estimation. The modified vegetation indices NDVI (800, 1200) significantly improved AGB estimation accuracy (R2 > 0.80, RMSE < 1530 kg/hm2, RPD > 2.3) without saturation phenomenon at the total for four stages, and retained good robustness and reduced the influence of flower and pod for estimating AGB; (3) it was vital to pay more attention to the near-infrared (NIR) bands that could represent WOR growth phenology, and selecting suitable VIs and modeling algorithms could also have a relatively large effect on the success of AGB estimation. The overall results indicated that WOR AGB could be reliably estimated by canopy hyperspectral data, although the plant architecture and coverage of WOR were significantly different during its entire growing period.

scholarly journals In-Field Observation of Root Growth and Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency of Winter Oilseed Rape

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Julien Louvieaux ◽  
Antoine Leclercq ◽  
Loïc Haelterman ◽  
Christian Hermans
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
N Concentration

Field trials were conducted with two nitrogen applications (0 or 240 kg N ha−1) and three modern cultivars of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) previously selected from a root morphology screen at a young developmental stage. The purpose is to examine the relationship between root morphology and Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency (NUpE) and to test the predictiveness of some canopy optical indices for seed quality and yield. A tube-rhizotron system was used to incorporate below-ground root growth information. Practically, clear tubes of one meter in length were installed in soil at an angle of 45°. The root development was followed with a camera at key growth stages in autumn (leaf development) and spring (stem elongation and flowering). Autumn was a critical time window to observe the root development, and exploration in deeper horizons (36–48 cm) was faster without any fertilization treatment. Analysis of the rhizotron images was challenging and it was not possible to clearly discriminate between cultivars. Canopy reflectance and leaf optical indices were measured with proximal sensors. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was a positive indicator of biomass and seed yield while the Nitrogen Balance Index (NBI) was a positive indicator of above-ground biomass N concentration at flowering and seed N concentration at harvest.

scholarly journals Contrasting Patterns of Colonization with Verticillium longisporum in Winter- and Spring-Type Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) in the Field and Greenhouse and the Role of Soil Temperature

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2090-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Zheng ◽  
Annette Pfordt ◽  
Laxman Khatri ◽  
Alice Bisola Eseola ◽  
Antonia Wilch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Juvenile Growth ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Winter Type ◽  
Spring Type

Oilseed rape, an important source of vegetable plant oil, is threatened by Verticillium longisporum, a soil-borne vascular fungal pathogen so far occurring in oilseed rape growing regions in Europe and Canada. Despite intensive research into V. longisporum in the last decades in controlled conditions, basic knowledge is still lacking about the time course of infection, temporal pattern of colonization, and disease development on field-grown plants. In this study, colonization of roots, stem bases, and stems with V. longisporum was followed by real-time PCR from the seedling until mature plant stages in 2-year field experiments with microsclerotia-infested plots and either spring-type or autumn-sown (winter-type) oilseed rape cultivars. The temporal pattern of plant colonization differed between greenhouse and field-grown oilseed rape and between spring- and winter-type plants in the field. Within 28 to 35 days, a continuous systemic colonization with V. longisporum was detected in roots and shoots of young plants in the greenhouse associated with significant stunting. In contrast, real-time PCR analysis of V. longisporum in field-grown winter oilseed rape plants displayed a strongly discontinuous colonization pattern with low fungal growth in roots during juvenile growth stages until flowering, whereas in spring oilseed rape, no root colonization was observed until early flowering stages. Hence, stem colonization with the pathogen required 6 months in winter oilseed rape and 1 month in spring oilseed rape from the time of initial root infection. The different patterns of stem colonization were related to soil temperature. Average soil temperatures in 5-cm depth during 7 days before sampling time points from 2 years of field experiments displayed a significant relationship with fungal colonization in the root. A climate chamber inoculation trial with soil temperature levels that varied from 6 to 18°C revealed a threshold temperature of >12°C in the soil to enable root invasion. This soil condition is reached in winter-type oilseed rape in the field in Germany either until the eight-leaf stage in early autumn or after pod stage in spring, whereas in spring-sown oilseed rape early root infection is delayed owing to the cool conditions during juvenile growth stages. The delay of stem colonization in field-grown oilseed rape may explain the lack of stunting as observed in the greenhouse and the previously reported inconsistent effects of V. longisporum on yield levels and seed quality, which were confirmed in this study.

Distribution Characters of Absorption Nitrogen in Oilseed Rape (Brassica NapusL.) at Different Growth Stages

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1648-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-hua Zhang ◽  
Hai-xing Song ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Xiang-min Rong ◽  
Jian-wei Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Different Growth Stages

scholarly journals Conservation Strip Tillage Leads to Persistent Alterations in the Rhizosphere Microbiota of Brassica napus Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridhdhi Rathore ◽  
David N. Dowling ◽  
Patrick D. Forristal ◽  
John Spink ◽  
Paul D. Cotter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Harvesting Stage ◽  
Strip Tillage

Microbes play vital roles in many soil ecosystem functions and services, which are crucial for agricultural productivity. Among different agricultural management practices, soil tillage methods can result in changes in a soil's physical, chemical and biological properties, including the soil microbiome. In addition, crop type and the plant developmental stage are important drivers of rhizosphere bacterial microbiota structure and composition. Here, we have used high-throughput, 16S amplicon sequencing to explore the rhizosphere bacterial structure and composition of Brassica napus (winter oilseed rape) in two contrasting tillage practices; conventional-plough based tillage and conservation strip tillage, over three different plant growth stages (vegetative, flowering and harvesting stage). This was the first year that conservation strip tillage was used in this field, as in previous years plough based tillage practices has been used. Our findings show that tillage and growth stages were important determinants of microbial community structure and composition, but the effect of tillage became stronger at plant maturity. The combined effect of conservation strip tillage and harvesting stage had a impact on the rhizosphere microbiota selection. The rhizosphere bacterial community of winter oilseed rape under conservation strip tillage was different to that under conventional tillage. Our data suggests that different tillage regimes created distinct ecological niches that selected different microbiota with potential consequences for the ecosystem services provided to the plants and the soil environment.

scholarly journals Determination of the Titanium Contents in the Winter Oilseed Rape Plants (Brassica napus L.) by the Application of Fertilizer Containing Titanium

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kováčik ◽  
Vladimír Šimanský ◽  
Pavel Ryant ◽  
Marek Renčo ◽  
Jozef Hudec
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Titanium Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Plant Sampling

In order to obtain the information about changes of titanium contents in the phytomass during the growing season of winter oilseed rape and about the titanium contents drawn by the rape yield during two farming years the small plot field trial was established. In the trial the fertilizer Mg-Titanit (MgTi) containing 8.5 g of titanium in 1 liter was used. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments. 0 – control treatment without MgTi fertilizer; 2xTi0.2 – two applications of MgTi in the dose of 0.2 l/ha; 3xTi0.2 – three applications of MgTi in the dose of 0.2 l/ha; 2xTi0.4 – two applications of MgTi in the dose of 0.4 l/ha; 3xTi0.4 – three applications of MgTi in the dose of 0.4 l/ha. The fertilizer was applied in spring during two, or three different growth stages: BBCH 50, BBCH 59, BBCH 66. The first plant sampling was carried out shortly before the first application of fertilizer (BBCH 50). The second, third and fourth sampling was taken 2–3 weeks after the application of Mg-Titanitu (BBCH 59, BBCH 66, BBCH 71). The obtained results showed that the titanium content in the phytomass of rape was falling during the monitored period. The titanium content in the rape aboveground phytomass varied in the interval from 16.81 to 67.6 mg/kg and in the root in the interval from 56.6 to 258.81 mg/kg. The titanium application on plant leaves in the quantities from 3.4 to 10.2 g per hectare of soil did not have the unambiguous impact on the titanium content in the rape phytomass. In the yield of one tonne of seed and appropriate quantity of rape straw on average 20 grams of titanium was taken in.

scholarly journals Impact of plant density on the canopy area index and weed infestation depending on different cultivars of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L., ssp. oleifera Metzg.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
KRZYSZTOF RÓŻYŁO ◽  
EDWARD PAŁYS
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Weed Infestation

One way to increase the competitiveness of crop plants against weed infestation is to adjust crop density. Introduction of new (“semi-dwarf”) cultivars of winter oilseed rape triggers a need for research in this field. A two-factor experiment evaluated the effect of plant density and winter oilseed rape (WOSR) cultivars on the canopy architecture and weed infestation of a WOSR crop as well as on the correlation between these traits. During the 2010–2012 study period, the average plant density was 38.0; 29.4; and 22.9 plants m-2 (three row spacings were used: 33, 44, and 55 cm). The oilseed rape cultivars were as follows: conventional, hybrid and “semi-dwarf” hybrid. Experimental factors did not cause significant differences in the number of weeds and their mass. However, there was a clear trend of decreasing total number of weeds in the span of 33 cm spacing than in the 44 and 55 cm. Hybrid cultivar resulted in increasing of total number of weeds in comparison to the conventional one. The differences in the assimilation area of WOSR plants per unit of ground area were significant between row spacings until the end of the flowering stage and between cultivars until the flower bud development stage. During the growth stages from the beginning of flowering until the end of pod development significant negative correlations were found between the assimilation area and the number of weeds, while the correlations between the assimilation area and the weed weight were insignificant. Insignificant correlations also occurred between the number of oilseed rape plants per unit area and the mass of weeds. The results indicate the possibility of reducing the demand for seed sowing, without requiring additional costs for weed control.  

Cytokinins from terminal buds of Euphoria longana during different growth stages

1997 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Wen-Shaw Chen ◽  
Kuang-Liang Huang ◽  
Hsiao-Ching Yu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stages ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
Different Growth Stages
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