scholarly journals How can we improve crop genotypes to increase stress resilience and productivity in a future climate? A new crop screening method based on productivity and resistance to abiotic stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (19) ◽  
pp. 5593-5603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnauld A. Thiry ◽  
Perla N. Chavez Dulanto ◽  
Matthew P. Reynolds ◽  
William J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
New Crop

scholarly journals In-House Forecasting of Crop Latitude Adaptation through a Daylength-sensing-based Environment Adaptation Simulator (DEAS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Qiu ◽  
Qinqin Wu ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Gui Zhuang ◽  
Jiupan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Transcriptional Dynamics ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Environment Adaptation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
New Crop ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTGlobal climate change necessitates the accelerated breeding of new crop varieties that can sustain yields in new environments. As a proxy for environmental adaptation, the selection of crops that can adapt to different latitudes is an appealing strategy. However, such selection currently involves a lengthy procedure that severely restricts the rapid breeding of varieties. Here, we aimed to combine molecular technologies with an in-house streamlined screening method to facilitate rapid selection for latitude adaptation. We established the Daylength-sensing-based Environment Adaptation Simulator (DEAS) to measure crop latitude adaptation via the transcriptional dynamics of florigen genes at different latitudes. We used different statistical approaches to demonstrate that DEAS predicts the florigen expression profiles in rice with high accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential for application of DEAS in different crops. Incorporating DEAS into the breeding programs of conventional and underutilized crops could help meet the future needs for crop adaptation and promote sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals High-throughput Phenotyping for Abiotic Stress Resilience in Cereals

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusrat Ul Islam ◽  
Shabir Hussain Wani ◽  
Gowhar Ali ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad Dar ◽  
Altaf Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping

scholarly journals Age-Dependent Abiotic Stress Resilience in Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Rankenberg ◽  
Batist Geldhof ◽  
Hans van Veen ◽  
Kristof Holsteens ◽  
Bram Van de Poel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Age Dependent

scholarly journals Enrichment of Intrinsically Disordered Residues in Ohnologs Facilitate Abiotic Stress Resilience in Brassica Rapa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayani Das Laha ◽  
Deeya Saha ◽  
Tapash Ghosh ◽  
Soumita Podder
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Functional Divergence ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered Regions ◽  
Asr Genes

Abstract Background: Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa shared a common evolutionary clade but Brassica species experienced an extra whole genome triplication (WGT) event compared with the model plant A. thaliana. This extra round of WGT confers B. rapa more abiotic stress resistant. The study aims to unravel how the consequences of whole genome duplication steer the variation in stress adaptation competency between the two species.Result: Comparing the duplication status between abiotic stress resistant (ASR) genes in the two species, significant increase in the number of paralogs in ASR genes of B. rapa than A. thaliana was found. Investigation on the proteomic features suggests that the ohnologs pairs in both species are more enriched with intrinsically disordered residues (IDRs) than other duplicated pairs but IDRs only in B. rapa have showed a significant positive correlation with functional divergence between the duplicated pairs. The functional divergence helps to mediate more stress adaptation functions in the ohnologs of B. rapa than that of A. thaliana. Moreover, domain ontology analysis has revealed that the new domains with stress functions are significantly more enriched in the ohnologs of B. rapa. Interestingly, majority of these stress tolerant domains are found to be present in the intrinsically disordered regions of the proteins. Statistical analysis along with these observations make it reasonable to speculate that IDRs expedite stress adaption potentiality in B. rapa by enriching more stress related functions and accommodating stress specific domains in ohnologs of this plant species.Conclusion: With the occurrence of WGT in the Brassica species the stress resilience features of B. rapa as compared to A. thaliana is less studied. This study unveils the role of intrinsically disordered residues (IDRs) of ohnologs in optimizing more stress resilience in B. rapa than A. thaliana. Thus, it will open new avenues in understanding the mechanism of succeeding stress adaptation potentiality in B. rapa over evolutionary time.

scholarly journals Omics Approaches for Engineering Wheat Production under Abiotic Stresses

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Shah ◽  
Jinsong Xu ◽  
Xiling Zou ◽  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Mubasher Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Complex Genetics

Abiotic stresses greatly influenced wheat productivity executed by environmental factors such as drought, salt, water submergence and heavy metals. The effective management at the molecular level is mandatory for a thorough understanding of plant response to abiotic stress. Understanding the molecular mechanism of stress tolerance is complex and requires information at the omic level. In the areas of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics enormous progress has been made in the omics field. The rising field of ionomics is also being utilized for examining abiotic stress resilience in wheat. Omic approaches produce a huge amount of data and sufficient developments in computational tools have been accomplished for efficient analysis. However, the integration of omic-scale information to address complex genetics and physiological questions is still a challenge. Though, the incorporation of omic-scale data to address complex genetic qualities and physiological inquiries is as yet a challenge. In this review, we have reported advances in omic tools in the perspective of conventional and present day approaches being utilized to dismember abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. Attention was given to methodologies, for example, quantitative trait loci (QTL), genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS). Comparative genomics and candidate genes methodologies are additionally talked about considering the identification of potential genomic loci, genes and biochemical pathways engaged with stress resilience in wheat. This review additionally gives an extensive list of accessible online omic assets for wheat and its effective use. We have additionally addressed the significance of genomics in the integrated approach and perceived high-throughput multi-dimensional phenotyping as a significant restricting component for the enhancement of abiotic stress resistance in wheat.

An integrated screening method for evaluating the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particulates: Role of microscopic techniques in assessing pulmonary macrophage clearance functions

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 826-827
Author(s):  
David B. Warheit ◽  
Lena Achinko ◽  
Mark A. Hartsky
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Pulmonary Response ◽  
Inhaled Particles ◽  
Cytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Macrophages ◽  
Integrated Screening

There is a great need for the development of a rapid and reliable bioassay to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particles. A number of methods have been proposed, including lung clearance studies, bronchoalveolar lavage analysis, and in vitro cytotoxicity tests. These methods are often limited in scope inasmuch as they measure only one dimension of the pulmonary response to inhaled, instilled or incubated dusts. Accordingly, a comprehensive approach to lung toxicity studies has been developed.To validate the method, rats were exposed for 6 hours or 3 days to various concentrations of either aerosolized alpha quartz silica (Si) or carbonyl iron (CI) particles. Cells and fluids from groups of sham and dust-exposed animals were recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Alkaline phosphatase, LDH and protein values were measured in BAL fluids at several time points postexposure. Cells were counted and evaluated for viability, as well as differential and cytochemical analysis. In addition, pulmonary macrophages (PM) were cultured and studied for morphology, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis by scanning electron microscopy.

Direct and Moderated Relationships Among Stress, Resilience, Neuroticism, Stigma, and PTSD

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel M. De La Rosa ◽  
Scott L. Johnston ◽  
Jennifer Webb-Murphy ◽  
Stephanie Raducha ◽  
Elizabeth Vishniak
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resilience
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