New Light on the History of Isaac Newton's Library

The Library ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Karen Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Early History ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plausible Reason

Abstract In the standard scholarly work, The Library of Isaac Newton published by CUP in 1978, John Harrison makes two significant assumptions about the library’s early history which are incorrect. This paper highlights the necessary revisions, including the unnoticed role played by Mrs Jane Musgrave, Jane Austen’s godmother, in the library’s preservation. It also proposes for the first time a plausible reason why John Huggins, Warden of the Fleet Prison, bought the library from the executors immediately after Newton’s death.

Protogeometric Vases from Amorgos in the Museum of the British School

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
R.W.V. Catling ◽  
R.E. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Early History ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
British School ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Two vases, a cup and an oinochoe, from Arkesine in south-west Amorgos are published for the first time. It is argued that both are probably Middle Protogeometric, one an import from Euboia, the other from the south-east Aegean; chemical analysis supports both attributions. Their implications for the early history of Amorgos are discussed.

scholarly journals The Early History of Moscow: 14C Dates from Red Square

Radiocarbon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Alexandrovskiy ◽  
Johannes Van Der Plicht ◽  
Nikolay Krenke ◽  
Olga Chichagova ◽  
Nikolai Kovaliukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early History ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
First Time ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

For the first time, a series of 14C dates has been obtained for samples from the archaeological excavations in Red Square, the historical center of Moscow. The remains of burned dwellings from the bottom of the cultural layer were dated as well as dispersed charcoal from the underlying plough soil. The results correspond to a 200-yr time interval and prove that arable activity at the site began as early as the late 11th century ad. The field belonged to Moscow itself or to rural settlements nearby. The oldest dwelling was built ca. the late 12th–early 13th century ad.

The Principia and comets

1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-74 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Celestial Body ◽  
Chemical Form ◽  
Conic Section ◽  
Orbital Parameters ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
First Time

Isaac Newton is one of the major luminaries in the history of cometary science. Before the publication of his Principia the following cometary problems were writ large: what was their physical and chemical form; what orbits did they have and why; and were they periodic or random ? New ton solved the second of these and published his solution in the Principia . His law of gravitation indicated that any conic section was a permissible orbit for any celestial body, comets included. The remarkable comet of 1680 was one of the keys to his discovery. Its orbit was found to be essentially parabolic and the Principia showed, for the first time, how its orbital parameters could be calculated. Principia can be regarded in part as a formidable textbook on comets and it contains a detailed discussion of the author’s views on these enigmatic objects. New ton discusses their planetary as opposed to stellar origins, their luminosity variation, tail formation, periodicity, mass, supposed influence on Earth, and role as a fuel for stars.

Eyeglasses and Concave Lenses in Fifteenth-Century Florence and Milan: New Documents*

1976 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Ilardi
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Early History ◽  
Glass Technology ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Optical Instruments ◽  
Early Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Personal Adornment

Five recently discovered documents reveal for the first time that eyeglasses with concave lenses for myopes were manufactured in Florence from at least the middle of the fifteenth century, about one hundred years before they were thought to be in use. This new evidence throws additional light on the development and early use of spectacles and on the early history of optical instruments and glass technology in general. These documents also reveal for the first time that Florence was the leading manufacturing center of high-quality eyeglasses and that spectacles had already become a prestigious item of personal adornment at least at the court of the dukes of Milan. This information should be of interest to historians of art and costume as well.

scholarly journals Civic Minstrels in Late Medieval England: New Light on Duties and Careers

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 183-218
Author(s):  
Richard Rastall
Keyword(s):  
Early History ◽  
Medieval England ◽  
English Drama ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Medieval England ◽  
Early English ◽  
First Time ◽  
Detailed Picture ◽  
Special Duties

AbstractThe publications of the ongoing Records of Early English Drama project since 1979 have made available for the first time much early documentation about minstrels, including the civic minstrels or town waits. While this material leaves many questions unanswered, a more detailed picture of the early history of civic minstrels is emerging. This article focusses on three aspects of that history that have not previously been studied as such: the towns that employed civic minstrels by 1509, the minstrels’ possible special duties in ports, and their employment mobility.

Rechtsgeschichtliche Botschaften aus der Frühgeschichte der Menschheit

2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-237
Author(s):  
Dietmar Willoweit
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Early History ◽  
Human History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contractual Agreements ◽  
Violent Conflicts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Early Human ◽  
Historical Nature

Abstract Legal-historical messages from the early history of mankind. Until now, archaeology has only rarely permitted generalizations of a legal-historical nature. The work of Hermann Parzinger, with its worldwide comparison of archaeological finds, now for the first time opens up the possibility of recognizing “laws of motion of early human history”. This includes the ability to cooperate on the basis of contractual agreements and the emergence of hierarchical orders. Evidence of violent conflicts also suggests that there must have been early mechanisms for conflict resolution within social groups.

scholarly journals A Heretic in the Schoenberg Circle: Roberto Gerhard's First Engagement with Twelve-Tone Procedures in Andantino

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-588
Author(s):  
DIEGO ALONSO TOMÁS
Keyword(s):  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Arnold Schoenberg ◽  
Early History ◽  
Twelve Tone ◽  
Pitch Class ◽  
Trope Theory ◽  
Compositional Technique ◽  
Short Piece ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

AbstractShortly before finishing his studies with Arnold Schoenberg, Roberto Gerhard composed Andantino, a short piece in which he used for the first time a compositional technique for the systematic circulation of all pitch classes in both the melodic and the harmonic dimensions of the music. He modelled this technique on the tri-tetrachordal procedure in Schoenberg's Prelude from the Suite for Piano, Op. 25 but, unlike his teacher, Gerhard treated the tetrachords as internally unordered pitch-class collections. This decision was possibly encouraged by his exposure from the mid-1920s onwards to Josef Matthias Hauer's writings on ‘trope theory’. Although rarely discussed by scholars, Andantino occupies a special place in Gerhard's creative output for being his first attempt at ‘twelve-tone composition’ and foreshadowing the permutation techniques that would become a distinctive feature of his later serial compositions. This article analyses Andantino within the context of the early history of twelve-tone music and theory.

scholarly journals Early history of Oriental studies at Vilnius University

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Marek Mejor
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Early History ◽  
University Library ◽  
200Th Anniversary ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time

University of WarsawThe present paper was written as a contribution to the celebration of the 200th anniversary of Oriental studies at Vilnius University. The early history of Oriental studies, covering the period 1805–24, is presented on the basis of archival materials from collections kept in the Lithuanian State Historical Archives, Vilnius University Library, and Czartoryskis’ Library in Kraków. Two basic documents are published here for the first time. In the first quarter of the 19th century, three sequential attempts towards establishing a chair of Oriental studies at Vilnius University were undertaken, each one connected with a particular candidate: Szymon Żukowski (1782–1834), Julius Klaproth (1783–1835), and Józef Sękowski (1800–1858).

SOME MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF PLANT PEROXIDASE BIOSYNTHETIC STUDIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Early History ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Hydrogen Donors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
First Time ◽  
Biosynthetic Studies

The early history of research on peroxidase is most capably reviewed bySaunders et al (67). The first color reaction of biological material withguaiacum as substrate was noted in 1809, but the term peroxidase was usedfor the first time nearly a century later for an enzyme isolated from horseradish.In fact, peroxidase is widely distributed in the plant kingdom and also occurs in the animal kingdom. Many of the spectral aspects of this hemoproteinand its reaction products have been described in the above-mentioned textand elsewhere (e.g. 23). Different types of peroxidases were recognized, andan ever-increasing number of functions were ascribed to them, particularly inplant physiology (31). Therefore, while the basic chemical reactions ofperoxidase (E. C . 1.1 1.1. 7) are well established, namely that of the peroxidaticcycle involving H202 and a large array of hydrogen donors (23), the questionsof how its many isozymes function (31) and how its action in differentiation iscontrolled (68) remain largely unanswered. I do not review all publications onthese topics here. A comprehensive tabulation has appeared recently (31).Instead, I offer a critical review of certain aspects of peroxidase in terms ofstructure and biosynthesis.

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