Cerebral venous thrombosis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Markus ◽  
Anthony Pereira ◽  
Geoffrey Cloud
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Better Than

Most stroke results from arterial disease but venous occlusion can also cause stroke, and other neurological complications. This condition is uncommon and needs a high index of suspicion if it is not to be missed. The clinical presentations are varied and can mimic other neurological conditions. The diagnosis is important because with appropriate treatment the prognosis can be much better than for arterial infarction.

Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels are Associated with Brain Lesion and Persistent Venous Occlusion in Patients with Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Aguiar de Sousa ◽  
Maria Conceição Pereira-Santos ◽  
Ana Serra-Caetano ◽  
Lia Lucas Neto ◽  
Ana Luísa Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Venous Recanalization ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Abstract Background Elucidating mechanisms of brain damage in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) would be instrumental to develop targeted therapies and improve prognosis prediction. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a gelatinase that degrades major components of the basal lamina, has been associated to blood–brain barrier disruption. We aimed to assess, in patients with CVT, the temporal change in serum concentrations of MMP-9 and its association with key imaging and clinical outcomes. Methods Pathophysiology of Venous Infarction—PRediction of InfarctiOn and RecanalIzaTion in CVT (PRIORITy-CVT) was a multicenter prospective cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed CVT. Serial collection of peripheral blood samples performed on day 1, 3, and 8, and standardized magnetic resonance imaging on day 1, 8, and 90. MMP-9 was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 59 patients and 22 healthy controls. Primary outcomes were parenchymal brain lesion, early evolution of brain lesion, early recanalization, and functional outcome on day 90. Results CVT patients with parenchymal brain lesion had higher baseline concentrations of MMP-9 compared with controls (adjusted p = 0.001). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve value for MMP-9 for predicting brain lesion was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57–0.85, p = 0.009). Patients with venous recanalization showed early decline of circulating MMP-9 and significantly lower levels on day 8 (p = 0.021). Higher MMP-9 on day 8 was associated with persistent venous occlusion (odds ratio: 1.20 [per 20 ng/mL], 95% CI: 1.02–1.43, p = 0.030). Conclusion We report a novel relationship among MMP-9, parenchymal brain damage, and early venous recanalization, suggesting that circulating MMP-9 is a dynamic marker of brain tissue damage in patients with CVT.

scholarly journals Cerebral venous thrombosis with a catch

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Raj Swaroop Lavadi ◽  
B. V. Sandeep ◽  
Manpreet Singh Banga ◽  
Sangamesh Halhalli ◽  
Anantha Kishan
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Wound Debridement ◽  
Postoperative Mri ◽  
Depressed Fracture ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Plan Management

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare entity typically occurring in patients in hypercoagulable states. They can also occur in cases of trauma. The symptoms are nonspecific. Case Description: A 28-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a head injury. During the necessary imaging, it was found that he had a depressed skull fracture and other signs of traumatic brain injury. Unbeknownst to the patient and the patient party, it was also revealed that the patient only had one kidney. Wound debridement and excision of the depressed fracture were performed. A postoperative MRI revealed that the patient had CVT. Conclusion: There should be a high index of suspicion for CVT in case of traumatic head injuries. The surgeon should plan management according to the patient’s comorbidities.

scholarly journals Clinical presentations, radiological characteristics, and biological risk factors of cerebral venous thrombosis at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Abdullah S. Alamri ◽  
Mohammed F. Almuaigel ◽  
Zafar Azra ◽  
Foziah J. Alshamrani ◽  
Noor M. AlMohish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Central Retinal Venous Occlusion and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya N. Turan ◽  
Valérie Biousse ◽  
Nancy J. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Occlusion

Role of MRI in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Ahmad Shawki Geneidi ◽  
Nermeen Nasry Keriakos ◽  
Khaled Mostafa Mohammad Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Cerebral Veins ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Imaging Department ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Cerebral venous thrombosis CVT is a type of stroke where the thrombosis occurs in the venous side of the brain circulation, leading to occlusion of one or more cerebral veins and Dural venous sinus. CVT is a potentially life-threatening disease, accounting for approximately 0.5 % of stroke cases. Aim of the Work The aim of this subject is to illustrate the various aspects of CVT on MRI. Patients and Methods This is a retrospective study included 30 patients (19 females &11 males), their ages range from 3 months to 74 years with the median age 22 years. Mean age 22.04 years. The study was performed in radiology department El Demerdash Hospital between March 2018 & September 2019. The study included patients presented to the Medical Imaging Department of Ain Shams university Al-Demerdash hospital with cerebral venous occlusion neurological symptoms or imaging diagnosis. Results In our study,. Most common presenting symptom was headache noted in 22 patients (73.3%) followed by eye manifestations (blurring of vision or clinically having papilledema) was the second most seen in 18 patients (60%). Then comes convulsions in8 patients (26.7 %), Limb weakness in 5 patients (16.7%), finally disturbed consciousness level in 4 patients (13.3%). Most common mode of onset was subacute which was seen in 16 patients (53.3%) acute onset was seen in 6 patients (20%) as predominantly isointense on T1 weighted images and hypo intense on T2 weighted images, chronic onset was seen in 8 patients (26.7%) as hypo intense signal in both T1 and T2 WIs. MRV successfully diagnosed occlusion in most cases by absence of signal intensity with consequent non-visualization of occluded sinuses or veins in almost all patients and except 3 patients; those were having just cortical veins thrombosis detected by T2* sequence electing blooming artifacts with intact sinuses, and dilated distal collaterals seen in 18 patients. Conclusion Dural venous occlusion can occur due to many factors as thrombosis, inflammatory conditions of the brain and tumors. Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) has long been a neglected entity because of complexities in diagnosis and non-specific clinical presentation. Conventional MRI and phase contrast MRV in conjugation with recent techniques such SWI & DWI were considered more accurate diagnostic tool, non invasive, non ionizing, with high resolution in evaluating patients with suspected cerebral venous occlusion or thrombosis. It is also considered very useful to demonstrate brain parenchymal affection, the age or stage of the thrombus and its extension

Abstract 154: Correlation Between Site of Venous Occlusion and Clinical Syndromes in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A Barboza ◽  
Erwin Chiquete ◽  
Carlos Cantú-Brito ◽  
Jonathan Colín ◽  
Alejandro Quiroz-Compean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Lateral Sinus ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
Parenchymal Lesion ◽  
Good Functional Outcome ◽  
Clinical Syndromes

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon cerebrovascular condition, which presents with a wide spectrum of symptoms' onset and clinical syndromes. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that there is a correlation among the main clinical syndromes in CVT and the sites of venous occlusion; also we analyzed functional outcome on each clinical syndrome in the acute setting (30-days). Methods: This is a retrospective analysis from a systematic database of hospitalized patients from January 1979 to December 2014. Univariate and adjusted multivariate models were used to evaluate in a first step, association between clinical syndromes and affected vessels, and in a second step functional outcome in the acute setting (30-day follow-up). Clinical syndromes were classified as: focal syndrome, encephalopathy, isolated intracranial hypertension, meningeal syndrome. Affected vessels were classified as isolated thrombosis or vessels combinations. Functional outcome was based on modified Rankin score (mRs) at 30- and 90-day (good functional outcome, mRs = 0-2). Results: 467 confirmed CVT patients (81.6% women, median age: 29 years, IQR: 22-38 years). Isolated superior sagittal sinus (82.0%), lateral sinus (50.1%), and the combination of them (22.1%) were the most prevalent affected vessels. Good functional outcome was present in 359 (76.9%) and 394 (84.4%) of all patients, at 30- and 90-day respectively. Focal syndrome was associated with hemorrhagic (OR 11.8, 95% CI 5.59-25.0); encephalopathy with the combination of Vein of Galen + Straight sinus (OR 6.52, 95% CI 2.13-19.9); isolated intracranial hypertension was associated with the absence of parenchymal lesion (OR 71.8, 95% CI 25.1-205); meningeal syndrome was associated with the combination of deep and superficial venous thrombosis (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.61-6.43). Good functional outcome at 30- and 90-day was mainly associated to absence of encephalopathy (HR 0.74) and absence of meningeal syndrome (HR 0.85). Conclusions: Focal syndrome depends on the type of parenchymal lesion; encephalopathy depends on the compromise of deep venous system; the strongest associations for 30-day mortality were found on the presence of meningeal and focal syndromes.

scholarly journals MR of Deep Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Ashforth ◽  
D. Melanson ◽  
R. Ethier
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Deep Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

ABSTRACT:Two cases of deep cerebral venous thrombosis are presented with specific reference to the CT and MR findings. The MR findings are discussed, with comparison to the findings of superficial cerebral sino-venous occlusion.

scholarly journals Cerebral venous thrombosis in ulcerative colitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 84-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bindu Menon ◽  
Rajeev Goyal ◽  
Lalit Nihal ◽  
Rajasekhar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Venous Infarcts ◽  
Uncommon Condition

ABSTRACTUlcerative colitis has been reported to show hyper coagulation leading to peripheral and rarely central thrombosis. A 35‑year‑old female was admitted with chief complaints of increased frequency of bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss for 2 months. The patient was diagnosed to have ulcerative colitis after sigmoidoscopy and biopsy and she was started on treatment. Two days later, the patient developed headache and seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain showed cerebral venous thrombosis with venous infarcts. A high index of clinical suspicion is needed to diagnose this uncommon condition so that appropriate treatment can be initiated.

Endovascular thrombolysis for symptomatic cerebral venous thrombosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew F. Philips ◽  
Linda J. Bagley ◽  
Grant P. Sinson ◽  
Eric C. Raps ◽  
Steven L. Galetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Deep Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors sought to treat potentially catastrophic intracranial dural and deep cerebral venous thrombosis by using a multimodality endovascular approach.Methods. Six patients aged 14 to 75 years presented with progressive symptoms of thrombotic intracranial venous occlusion. Five presented with neurological deficits, and one patient had a progressive and intractable headache. All six had known risk factors for venous thrombosis: inflammatory bowel disease (two patients), nephrotic syndrome (one), cancer (one), use of oral contraceptive pills (one), and puerperium (one). Four had combined dural and deep venous thrombosis, whereas clot formation was limited to the dural venous sinuses in two patients. All patients underwent diagnostic cerebral arteriograms followed by transvenous catheterization and selective sinus and deep venous microcatheterization. Urokinase was delivered at the proximal aspect of the thrombus in dosages of 200,000 to 1,000,000 IU. In two patients with thrombus refractory to pharmacological thrombolytic treatment, mechanical wire microsnare maceration of the thrombus resulted in sinus patency. Radiological studies obtained 24 hours after thrombolysis reconfirmed sinus/vein patency in all patients. All patients' symptoms and neurological deficits improved, and no procedural complications ensued. Follow-up periods ranged from 12 to 35 months, and all six patients remain free of any symptomatic venous reocclusion. Factors including patients' age, preexisting medical conditions, and duration of symptoms had no statistical bearing on the outcome.Conclusions. Patients with both dural and deep cerebral venous thrombosis often have a variable clinical course and an unpredictable neurological outcome. With recent improvements in interventional techniques, endovascular therapy is warranted in symptomatic patients early in the disease course, prior to morbid and potentially fatal neurological deterioration.

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