Papillomaviruses and polyomaviruses

2020 ◽  
pp. 877-885
Author(s):  
Raphael P. Viscidi ◽  
Chen Sabrina Tan ◽  
Carole Fakhry
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Prophylactic Vaccine ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Anogenital Warts ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Flat Lesions

There are nearly 200 human papillomavirus types that infect epithelia of skin and mucous membranes. They infect only humans, and cause conditions including the following: skin warts and verrucas, which are caused by types 1 and 2; infection initiated when, after minor skin abrasions, for example, the basal cells of the epithelium come in contact with infectious virus; anogenital warts, which are caused by types 6 and 11; transmitted by direct sexual contact, these are the most common sexually transmitted infection; present clinically as multiple exophytic lesions or as subclinical flat lesions. They can be treated topically with podophyllin or imiquimod, or by ablative surgical methods. Recurrences are common. A highly efficacious prophylactic vaccine is available.

scholarly journals Sexually Transmitted Infections and Male Circumcision: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ISRN Urology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Van Howe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
General Populations ◽  
Simplex Virus

The claim that circumcision reduces the risk of sexually transmitted infections has been repeated so frequently that many believe it is true. A systematic review and meta-analyses were performed on studies of genital discharge syndrome versus genital ulcerative disease, genital discharge syndrome, nonspecific urethritis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital ulcerative disease, chancroid, syphilis, herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus, and contracting a sexually transmitted infection of any type. Chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes, and human papillomavirus are not significantly impacted by circumcision. Syphilis showed mixed results with studies of prevalence suggesting intact men were at great risk and studies of incidence suggesting the opposite. Intact men appear to be of greater risk for genital ulcerative disease while at lower risk for genital discharge syndrome, nonspecific urethritis, genital warts, and the overall risk of any sexually transmitted infection. In studies of general populations, there is no clear or consistent positive impact of circumcision on the risk of individual sexually transmitted infections. Consequently, the prevention of sexually transmitted infections cannot rationally be interpreted as a benefit of circumcision, and any policy of circumcision for the general population to prevent sexually transmitted infections is not supported by the evidence in the medical literature.

Review of Evidence and Recommendation for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination of Canadian Males Over the Age of 26 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Derstenfeld ◽  
Kyle Cullingham ◽  
Zhuo Cai Ran ◽  
Ivan V. Litvinov
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Control And Prevention

Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains the most common sexually transmitted infection with a lifetime incidence of over 75%. Based on US data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 64% of invasive HPV-associated cancers are attributable to HPV 16 or 18 (65% for females; 63% males) and may be prevented by vaccination with either the quadrivalent or nonavalent HPV vaccine. Public HPV vaccination programs are now the norm for women aged 9-45 years and men aged 9-26 years in Canada. Yet, only recently have guidelines begun to consider vaccination of men older than 26 years of age. There now exist compelling reasons to recommend vaccination against HPV amongst males >26 years of age. Recognizing that the risks posed by HPV infection persist beyond 26 years of age, that the vaccination of men aged 26-45 years with HPV vaccine confers immunogenicity at levels demonstrably efficacious against HPV-related diseases, and that the Food and Drug Administration recently expanded the HPV vaccination to include older men, it is argued that HPV vaccination in men older than 26 years of age should be routinely recommended.

scholarly journals Preparations for implementing human papillomavirus vaccination should begin

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Lehtinen
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
National Programmes ◽  
Health Organization

At a World Health Organization meeting, the latest developments in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination were discussed. The leading theme that emerged was how to implement within national programmes the concept of vaccinating adolescents both against a common sexually transmitted infection

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus Infection in a Male Population Attending a Sexually Transmitted Infection Service

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e54375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Elena Álvarez-Argüelles ◽  
Santiago Melón ◽  
Maria Luisa Junquera ◽  
Jose Antonio Boga ◽  
Laura Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection

scholarly journals Profil Penderita Kondiloma Akuminata Di Poliklinik Kulit Dan Kelamin Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Periode Januari 2016 Sampai Desember 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-246
Author(s):  
Arif Effendi ◽  
Ratna Purwaningrum ◽  
Muhammad Syafei Hamzah ◽  
Aland Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Condyloma Acuminata ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

ABSTRACT: PROFILE OF CONDYLOMA AKUMINATA PATIENTS IN THE SKIN AND SEX POLYCLINIC OF PERTAMINA BINTANG AMIN HOSPITAL FOR THE PERIOD OF JANUARY 2016 TO DECEMBER 2019. Introduction: Sexually transmitted infection (STI) is one of the diseases and causes of health, social and economic problems in many countries. According to WHO, more than 1 million sexually transmitted infections are acquired every day in various parts of the world and more than 290 million women have human papillomavirus infection. In America, data from the CDC shows new cases with more than 19.7 million sexually transmitted infections each year, and about 14.1 million cases are human papillomavirus infections. Objective: This study aims to find out information about the profile of condyloma acuminata sufferers at the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital for the period January 2016 to December 2019.Methods: This study used quantitative descriptive analysis with the aim of knowing the profile of patients with condyloma acuminata. Sampling was done by using the total sampling method. The sample in this study were patients with condyloma acuminata who were treated at the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital for the period January 2016 to December 2019 totaling 22 patient medical records. Results: It was found that patients with condyloma acuminata were more commonly found in the age group of 26 to 35 years (early adulthood), as many as 9 patients (40.9) in the female sex, namely 17 patients (77.3%) with married status. as many as 17 patients (77.3) while based on the management of patients more were given treatment using electric surgery, namely as many as 8 patients (36.4%).Conclusion: Patients with condyloma acuminata in order to maintain their health condition, and avoid risk factors that can increase the occurrence of condyloma acuminata, it is hoped that health workers can hold health promotion activities about the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, especially condyloma acuminata and this research can be used as additional information to develop further research regarding the factors that have not been studied in this study Keywords: Condyloma acuminata, sexually transmitted infection, HPV

Human Papillomavirus: Epidemiology and Public Health

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (8) ◽  
pp. 930-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Schiffman ◽  
Philip E. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Viral Persistence ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Abstract Approximately 15 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection cause virtually all cases of cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus 16 is the major type, accounting for approximately 50% of cases. The major steps of cervical carcinogenesis include HPV infection, viral persistence and progression to precancer (as opposed to viral clearance), and invasion. Human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection. However, most HPV infections become undetectable by even sensitive HPV DNA testing within 1 to 2 years. The prevalence of infection peaks at young ages and declines thereafter, perhaps as the result of HPV type-specific acquired immunity. Most HPV infections are neither microscopically evident nor visible, making HPV DNA detection the diagnostic reference standard. Poorly defined immunologic factors are the major determinants of viral outcome. Smoking, multiparity, and long-term oral contraceptive use increase the risk of persistence and progression. Other sexually transmitted infections (eg, Chlamydia trachomatis), chronic inflammation, and nutritional factors might also play a role. Overt, long-term viral persistence in the absence of precancer is uncommon. New prevention strategies can be derived from the evolving knowledge of HPV carcinogenesis. Human papillomavirus vaccination is the ultimate prevention strategy, and large-scale trials are already underway. In the meantime, HPV DNA diagnostics are more sensitive although less specific than cytology, permitting a consideration of lengthened screening intervals. In terms of public health education, clinicians and patients will need to shift discussions of the mildly abnormal Papanicolaou test to consideration of HPV infection as a common sexually transmitted infection that rarely causes cervical cancer.

scholarly journals US study finds that consistent condom use protects against genital human papillomavirus infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Savage ◽  
C M Lowndes
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection

Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection and it is estimated that at least 50%

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