Somatic diseases and suicidal behaviour

2021 ◽  
pp. 321-332
Author(s):  
Elsebeth Stenager ◽  
Egon Stenager ◽  
Annette Erlangsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
The Us ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
Different Parts

The association between somatic disorders and suicidal behaviour has been examined in many studies. Despite large variation in quality and study design, recent studies have improved our knowledge substantially, not only regarding the extent of risk but also factors influencing the risk. Most studies have been conducted in European countries, the US, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. A series of studies have examined suicide risk in relation to somatic disorders of older persons, while others addressed somatic disorders and attempted suicide in children and youth. Physical conditions may play an important role in medical settings, regardless of whether mental disorders are present or not, though especially when mental disorders are present. This chapter presents a review of present knowledge on suicide and suicidal behaviour in selected somatic disorders and pain syndromes, with a focus on studies from different parts of the world.

Psychosomatic process in patients with dissociative mental disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S487-S488
Author(s):  
M. Axenov ◽  
O. Perchatkina ◽  
A. Kostin ◽  
V. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Dissociative Disorders ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorders ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Long Course ◽  
Somatic Diseases

Present days are characterized by increased level of various psychosomatic disorders among different populations in economically developing counties. Moreover every mental disease contains somatic symptoms and these symptoms may interfere in whole picture, change the diagnostic schedule. In case of mild disorders patient's reaction to somatic disease was mostly hysteric: exaggeration of pathological sensations, suggestibility and self-suggestibility. Whole picture of the neurosis was very colourful, dynamical, with instable pathological manifestations, intention to draw one's attention.Transition to long-term variant of dynamics mental disorder was accompanied by concentration on the smallest somatic sensations, seeking benefit from a disease state, “flight into the illness”, nosophilia. We identified prominent increase of hypochondriac symptoms in the group of patients with long course of dissociative disorders (33.4%) as compared with the group of acute and sub-acute course of the disorder (11.4%).In patients with long course of dissociative disorders we observed accumulation of somatic pathology, in most cases one patient suffered from different somatic diseases. Increasing of rate of hypertension (31.33%) and different dishormonal disorders (37.5%) was the most prominent.In psychological “portrait” of the patients with psychosomatic disorders we identified the great number of combinations of pathocharacterologic traits, creating the patient's “facade”, complicating interactions and compliance with physicians and psychiatrists.Interactions between features of mental disorders and somatic disorders, psychological stress appear to us to be rather close. Presence of the somatic process leads to chronification of the neuroses, “flight into the illness”, decrease of dependence of clinical dynamics on psychogenics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of vertebrogenic pain syndromes

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
N. Svyrydova ◽  
V. Sereda ◽  
I. Dovgiy ◽  
A. Shcherbaty
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
The World ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Chronic Pain Syndromes

Pain is a condition that is one of the most common diseases in the world. Many patients with vertebrogenic pain syndromes are multimorbidic, so they always receive field pharmacotherapy. Studies on multimorbidity have shown that chronic pain syndromes in the diagnosis and treatment are always interpreted as secondary, associated with somatic and mental disorders. Back pain can be divided into two large groups: vertebrogenic (degenerative, traumatic, inflammatory, neoplastic and other lesions of the vertebrae) and nonvertebrogenic genesis (stretching of ligaments and muscles, myofascial syndromes, fibromyalgia, somatic diseases, psychogenic factors, etc.). further). In the context of discussing vertebrogen pain syndromes, it is necessary to mention degenerative-dystrophic changes (osteochondrosis) of the spine primarily as in the vast majority of cases vertebroneurological pathology is associated with them. The following stages are distinguished: therapeutic, medical-rehabilitation, rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Pecularities of mental pathology at psychiatric patient with the comorbid somatic disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-355
Author(s):  
Ye. Oprya ◽  
M. Pustovoyt ◽  
Ya. Biesieda ◽  
Ye. Kozishkurt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
Mental Pathology

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive clinical and psychopathological examination of patients with schizophrenia comorbid with somatic pathology. The etiological factors and preconditions for the formation of schizophrenia combined with somatic pathology, general clinical and dynamic characteristics, and features of mental disorders, severity and specificity of clinical and psychopathological manifestations of schizophrenia are analyzed. It was found that the combination of schizophrenia with somatic diseases is more "malignant" variants of the course of psychotic disorders, including an increase in the number of hospitalizations, earlier manifestation, significant increase duration and greater severity of psychopathological symptoms. The specificity of mental disorders in patients with schizophrenia with somatic disorders was manifested by a predominance of disorders of sensation and perception in the form of senestopathy (schizophrenia with CVD and F 20 with obesity), hyperesthesia (schizophrenia with diabetes 2) and complex hallucinations. An important characteristic of mental disorders in patients with schizophrenia with somatic pathology is the presence of emotional disorders in the form of rigidity (in schizophrenia with CVD and obesity) and explosiveness (in schizophrenia with diabetes 2) emotional reactions, as well as depressive and anxiety (schizophrenia with CVD) and dysphoric (in schizophrenia with diabetes 2 and obesity) mood disorders. According to the frequency analysis of clinical-biological and social factors of formation, as well as features of clinical-psychopathological structure of schizophrenia in patients of the examined groups, diagnostic clinical-psychopathological signs (risk markers) of combination of schizophrenia with specific variants of somatic disorders are established. The obtained results show that the combination of schizophrenia with somatic disorders is reflected in the deepening and peculiarities of psychopathological symptoms, reducing the level of social realization of patients and requires the attention of clinicians in developing treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Changing Physical Conditions and Lower and Upper Trophic Level Responses on the US Northeast Shelf

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Friedland ◽  
Ryan E. Morse ◽  
Nancy Shackell ◽  
Jamie C. Tam ◽  
Janelle L. Morano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Northeast

scholarly journals Deployment-Related Traumatic Events and Suicidal Behaviours in a Nationally Representative Sample of Canadian Armed Forces Personnel

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitender Sareen ◽  
Tracie O. Afifi ◽  
Tamara Taillieu ◽  
Kristene Cheung ◽  
Sarah Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Canadian Armed Forces ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Suicidal Plans

Objective: Worldwide, there has been substantial controversy with respect to whether military deployment is a risk factor for suicidal behaviour. The present study examined the relationship between lifetime exposure to deployment and deployment-related traumatic events (DRTEs) and past-year suicidal ideation (SI), suicidal plans (SP), and suicidal attempts (SA). Method: Data were analysed from the 2013 Canadian Forces Mental Health Survey (8161 respondents; response rate, 79.8%; aged 18-60 years). A total of 12 individual items assessed exposure to DRTEs (e.g., combat, witnessing human atrocities, feeling responsible for the death of Canadian or ally personnel, knowing someone who was injured or killed). We examined each individual DRTE type as well as the number of types of DRTEs in relation to suicidal behaviour. Results: Lifetime deployment was not significantly associated with suicidal behaviour. In models adjusted for sociodemographic variables, most of the individual DRTE items and the DRTE count variable were significantly associated with suicidal behaviours (adjusted odds ratio ranged between 1.10 and 5.32). When further adjusting for child abuse exposure, these associations were minimally attenuated, and some became nonsignificant. In models adjusting for mental disorders and child abuse, most DRTEs and number of types of DRTEs became nonsignificant in relation to SI, SP, and SA. Conclusions: Active military personnel exposed to increasing number of DRTEs are at increased risk for SI, SP, and SA. However, most of the association between DRTEs and suicidal behaviour is accounted for by child abuse exposure and mental disorders.

Falling out of Trains

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 501-505
Author(s):  
Stuart O. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Dangerous Situation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Engineering Study ◽  
Exit Door ◽  
Passenger Trains ◽  
Interlock System

Approximately ten cases have been documented of people falling out of the side exit doors of moving passenger trains throughout the US. Most of these individuals were elderly passengers and the events usually happened late at night. Amtrak has classified most of these accidents as individuals with mental disorders or suicidal tendencies. Legal actions at the present time have been dismissed by the courts due primarily to the lack of any witnesses to the events. An investigation was conducted of a passenger car allegedly involved in one of these accidents. A number of recommendations were made including: 1) a systems engineering study of the problem, 2) an interlock system which would prevent the side exit door locking handle from being activated while the train is in motion, 3) an “All Green Board” at the engineer's station to indicate that all doors on the train are locked before starting the train, 4) a protective translucent cover installed over the regular door handle to indicate the criticality of opening this door, 5) a new warning sign on the exit doors which follows the ANSI standard, and 6) a training program, related to this dangerous situation, for all Amtrak operational personnel.

scholarly journals Strings Attached

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (05) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Tim Sprinkle
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
American Business ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
Foreign Government ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Government ◽  
International Investors ◽  
Different Parts

This article discusses reasons for various American startup companies to shift abroad for funding and production, and their impact on the American business scenarios. Founders are accepting funding from overseas investors, setting up supply chains in different parts of the world, servicing customers internationally, and even selling their businesses to foreign government-backed funds. Although the idea of losing American inventions and technologies to international investors and buyers is not generally good for public relations, the current landscape of global startup development has winners on both sides, and overseas involvement in US companies does not necessarily mean a net loss domestically. The US government must find a way to move the US economy forward, preventing predatory pricing and mercantilist practices by exporters while at the same time reaping the international flow of ideas and funds that power innovation. The experts believe that ignoring the rest of the world would not only limit the growth potential of US startups, but over time would reduce America’s global leadership in innovation.

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