Developmental biodynamics: the development of coordination in children

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Watkins
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Developmental Biomechanics ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
The Individual ◽  
External Forces ◽  
The Relationship

Human movement is brought about by the musculoskeletal system under the control of the nervous system. By coordinated activity between the various muscle groups, forces generated by the muscles are transmitted by the bones and joints to enable the individual to maintain an upright or partially upright posture and bring about voluntary controlled movements. Biomechanics of human movement is the study of the relationship between the external forces (due to body weight and physical contact with the external environment) and internal forces (active forces generated by muscles and passive forces exerted on other structures) that act on the body and the eff ect of these forces on the movement of the body. This chapter specifically addresses developmental biomechanics as it relates to the development of coordination in children.

Epilogue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Walden
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The book’s epilogue explores the place of musical portraiture in the context of posthumous depictions of the deceased, and in relation to the so-called posthuman condition, which describes contemporary changes in the relationship of the individual with such aspects of life as technology and the body. It first examines Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo to view how Bernard Herrmann’s score relates to issues of portraiture and the depiction of the identity of the deceased. It then considers the work of cyborg composer-artist Neil Harbisson, who has aimed, through the use of new capabilities of hybridity between the body and technology, to convey something akin to visual likeness in his series of Sound Portraits. The epilogue shows how an examination of contemporary views of posthumous and posthuman identities helps to illuminate the ways music represents the self throughout the genre of musical portraiture.

scholarly journals Gewalt und Heldentum

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Violence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Introductory Essay ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Heroic tales recount violence, which can be defined as a deliberate assault on the body of another against their will. The act of violence is a culmination of courage, determination, contempt for rules and the power to act; violence appears as a paradigmatic test of the individual. Violence forces those involved to position themselves in relation to it – perpetrators as well as victims, participants as well as bystanders, contemporaries as well as descendants. In this volume, three perspectives on the heroization, endurance and avoidance of violence structure different literary, historical, cultural and sociological approaches to identifying the relationship between the heroic and physical violence. An introductory essay identifies theoretical intersections between violence and heroism. With contributions by Ronald G. Asch, Cornelia Brink, Ulrich Bröckling, Olmo Gölz, Joachim Grage, Felix K. Maier, Vera Marstaller, Christoph Mauntel, Sotirios Mouzakis, Friederike Pannewick, Jan Philipp Reemtsma, Sven Reichardt and Cornel Zwierlein.

The Body between Religion and Spirituality

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Giordan
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Religious Attitude ◽  
Spiritual Dimension ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The distinction between religion and spirituality, as it is increasingly understood in the contemporary sociology of religion, has led to a reconsideration of the relation between the individual and his/her own body. In the Christian ambit, and especially in the Catholic sphere, the traditional religious attitude has always been that of emphasizing the dichotomy between soul and body, setting a hierarchy that puts the soul in a position superior to the body's, according to an ascetic approach that, particularly in the Middle Ages, foresaw the “mortification of the body”. In the contemporary spiritualist perspective, body and soul are seen as profoundly united, and the previous dichotomy seems to leave room for a more serene and less conflictual connection with one's body: spirituality relates to the sacred by leaving room for (and deriving from) emotions, feelings, the physical and the sexual, and takes a holistic view of human nature. Such a shift from the religious dimension to the spiritual dimension in the relationship with one's body can be observed not only in popular culture but also within Catholicism itself.

Physicality’s Sociality and Sociality’s Physicality

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tapias
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Porous Boundaries

This chapter explores the elusive and porous boundaries of the body among Punata residents as well as the relationship between physicality and sociality. It also considers the conceptualizations people have about the “fluidity” of emotions and the predicaments inherent in the expression of emotions, larger Andean notions of corporeality, sociability, and the flow of substances between individuals. It shows that the individual and social bodies are intrinsically interconnected throughout the Andes: action in one physical or emotional sphere can exert effects in another. It explains how the boundaries of the body are deeply challenged in the context of Punata and offer insights into how illness processes are conceptualized and lived. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the politics of emotional expression; how the “mechanics” of the accumulation and elimination of emotions are inextricably linked to gender, class, ethnicity, and age.

scholarly journals LIGHT AND THE MUSCLE TONUS OF INSECTS THE HELIOTROPIC MECHANISM

1918 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Garrey
Keyword(s):  
Photochemical Reaction ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Tonus ◽  
Complete Proof ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
The Relationship

The tonus of the muscles of heliotropic insects is due chiefly to the action of light; it is markedly decreased in the dark. Each eye controls the tonus of a different group of muscles on both sides of the body. Different areas of each eye likewise are related to the tonus of different muscle groups, and the relationship is entirely analogous to that of the otic labyrinth of vertebrates. Asymmetrical conditions of muscle tension are produced by any procedure which establishes an unequal photochemical reaction in the two eyes, by difference in illumination, by partial or complete blackening of one eye, or establishing unequal sensitiveness in the two eyes. The unbalanced condition of muscle tonus expresses itself in unusual postures of the resting insects, and in movements in forced paths—circus motions when one eye has been blackened. These reactions vary directly with the intensity of the illumination, as shown not only by the variation in diameters of the circles, but also by the reactions of the insects on vertical surfaces and on the turntable. The relation of the results of these experiments to the problem of heliotropic orientation is too obvious to require detailed discussion, which could only lead to a repetition of the description of the mechanism f heliotropism which Loeb has so clearly expounded. The experiments are so completely in accordance with Loeb's muscle tension theory of heliotropism, that they are tantamount to a complete proof of it.

scholarly journals Cossos en reclusió i cavant. Experiències i representacions emblemàtiques sobre la persona

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Jordi Morell Rovira
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article explores the relationship of the person with the hole through both literal and metaphorical situations. On the one hand, it points up the body in seclusion and suspended in a time interval, as in the case of the accident at the mine in San José (Chile) or works by artists like J. Wall, G. Schneider or R. Ondák. In this way, opposed feelings evoke the experiences of waiting and/or punishment, which are explanatory of a confined body or a hole. Literature, cinema and art deal with these events from multiple aspects, which become existential allegories about the individual. On the other hand, the act of digging gains prominence as a symbol of work, but also of the absurd. Recalling the ambivalence that may suggest a person making a hole, this article carries out a drift through works by artists of different generations and contexts, such as C. Burden, M. Heizer, F. Miralles, Geliti, S. Sierra, F. Alÿs, M. Salum, X. Ristol or N. Güell. A series of clearly performative or conceptual works, where the act of digging, drilling, burying or unburying become common practices that show the diversity of meanings and intentions.

scholarly journals Narration Based On Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Advertisement: The Projection and Story

Nirmana ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-120
Author(s):  
Natalia Widiasari
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Side ◽  
The Body Shop ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Company

Advertising plays an important role in narrating the social side of a company which is often referred to as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Corporate social campaigns are often seen as dubious, however, audiences as individuals interpret advertisements based on their values and experiences. TBSI (The Body Shop Indonesia) advertisements were conceptualized and analyzed using narrative transportation. Interviews are conducted with nine informants from various backgrounds. The results of the study are described in themes, namely (1) insight, (2) the relationship between CSR messages and the participant's value system, and (3) narrative responses to CSR advertisements. The result of the study states that advertising does not necessarily make the value from a social issue to be embedded or instilled in someone. Narrative and commitment to these values depend on the individual, person by person.

How Pictures Make Bodies and Bodies Make Pictures

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Alanna Beroiza
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Sex Reassignment ◽  
Gender Transition ◽  
The Public ◽  
Vanity Fair ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the visual dynamics underlying wrong-body narratives of gender through Lacanian psychoanalytic readings of Annie Leibovitz’s photographs of Caitlyn Jenner for Vanity Fair (2015) and Pedro Almodóvar’s film La piel que habito (Spain/France, 2011). Leibovitz’s photographs, seen as the public culmination of Jenner’s gender transition, and Almodóvar’s fictional film, centered on the forced surgical sex reassignment of one of its characters, both comment on the role of technically produced images in constructing visually articulated bodily materiality as central to gender. Staged in Jenner’s domestic space, often before mirrors that reflect the camera alongside its subject, Lei-bovitz’s photos portray Jenner at the center of complex scenarios of mastery over her image. These images demonstrate an awareness of their constructed nature at the same time as they offer themselves as the optical proof of Jenner’s transition; they reveal and, ostensibly, dominate what Lacan refers to as the fundamental misrecognition at the heart of all scopic scenarios of recognition. Almodóvar’s film imagines the reverse scenario in which the body-as-image exerts violent control over the individual, not only erasing the apparent sex of one of its characters, Vicente, but also, and less tolerably, attempting to erase the absence, or misrecognition, of his body in its status as what Lacan calls “objet a,” or object of desire. The distinct ways in which Leibovitz’s images and Almodóvar’s film theorize the relationship between bodies and images with regard to misrecognition and absence point to the continued necessity of considering the influence of scopic relations in formations of gender identity.

Conclusion: Theology as Failure

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Marika Rose
Keyword(s):  
Social Economy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theology And Philosophy ◽  
The Church ◽  
Is Failure ◽  
Body Theology

This conclusion draws together the themes of the book, exploring what a theology of failure looks like in relation to four overarching themes: freedom, materiality, hierarchy, and universalism. This account of ontology, desire, and Christian theology suggests not only that completeness is impossible but also that purity is impossible. The internal rupture that both constitutes and disrupts every individual economic identity is also the rupture between the social economy of the relationship between the individual and others, language and the body, theology and philosophy, God and the created order. Theology can no more remain immune from its others than it can completely encompass them. Once there was no secular; and yet the genealogy of the church, of Christian theology, is constantly interrupted, contaminated, and enriched by the profane, the abject, and the horrific. Theology is failure; the task, then, is to fail better, to liberate our others in order to begin the difficult work of learning how to love them.

The lives of subjects

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel S. Brett
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the relationship of the state to its subjects as necessarily physically embodied beings. The primary way in which the commonwealth commands its subjects is through the medium of its law. The law is for the common good and obliges the community as a whole, and thus the ontological status of the law—as distinct from any particular command of a superior to an individual—is intimately tied to that of the body politic. The question, then, concerning the relationship of the state to the natural body of the individual can be framed in terms of the extent of the obligation of the civil law.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document