OS03.5.A Corelation between longitudinal t2 MRI radiomic primary texture feature values and radiation dose in non-tumoral regions of the brain in paediatric brain tumours

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii6-ii6
Author(s):  
P Sakhavalkar ◽  
S Avula ◽  
B Pizer ◽  
N Thorp ◽  
M Jenkinson
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Paediatric Brain Tumour ◽  
Feature Values ◽  
T2 Mri

Abstract BACKGROUND Paediatric brain tumour survivors may have treatment toxicity associated with signal change on follow-up MRI. Quantitative MRI texture features can potentially be used as surrogates of the underlying tissue changes following radiation therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Longitudinal retrospective study in 51 paediatric primary brain tumours treated with photon (N=30) and proton (N=21) radiotherapy (RT). T2 MRI scans at baseline and multiple time point from the date of surgery to 2 years following radiotherapy were selected for the textural analysis. Scans were bias corrected, registered with the CT dose maps and with baseline scan for each patient using 3Dslicer. Regions of interest (ROI) of fixed diameter were drawn in 11 predetermined non-tumoral regions of brain including in peri-tumoural region (PTV). ROIs were placed in homogenous white/grey matter. Radiation dose was calculated in each of these 11 ROIs and texture features were extracted using pyradiomics. Data were analysed using machine learning and statistical analysis. General linear multivariate model was used to corelate primary texture features over period of 24 months and radiation dose, time, effect of dose*time together at each ROI separately. RESULTS There were Brainstem 4, Cerebellar19, Hemispheric cerebral 7 and Supratentorial midline 10 tumours. Median age at diagnosis was 8.26 years (range: 0–20). Median RT treatment dose was 28.52Gy (0-60Gy). Multivariate analysis shows significant corelation (p < 0.001) between radiation dose and longitudinal primary texture features in all 11ROIs. Time showed corelation with feature values only in 3 ROIs and dose* time showed corelation in 5ROIs. Primary (statistical) feature values showing consistent correlation with dose in all 11 ROIs over 24 months are total energy, 10%, 90%, energy, entropy, mean, median, and minimum. CONCLUSION Radiomic texture analysis is a promising modality to understand dose related textural changes in the normal part of brain in paediatric brain tumour patients treated with radiation therapy. Radiomic changes need to be related to neurological outcomes in future research.

scholarly journals THER-04. IS THERE A ROLE FOR CANNABIDIOL IN THE TREATMENT OF CHILDHOOD BRAIN TUMOURS?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii472-iii472
Author(s):  
George Lockwood ◽  
Amelia Hatfield ◽  
Mohamed Mabrouk ◽  
Saoirse E O’Sullivan ◽  
Richard G Grundy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Paediatric Brain Tumour ◽  
3D Spheroids

Abstract Brain tumours are the leading cause of cancer related death in children with limited treatment options and high recurrence rates. Recent evidence suggests there may be anti-tumoral properties of cannabinoids, and of cannabidiol (CBD) in particular. We evaluated the effect of CBD on paediatric brain tumour cell lines in 2D and 3D spheroids; pHGG (SF188), ependymoma (BxD-1425EPN) and human astrocytes. At the CBD EC50 concentration, astrocytic cell death was insignificant. 3D spheroids decreased in size by approximately 20% when cultured in CBD compared to cells only after 5-day exposure. Cell death increased with time after a single dose of CBD. Western Blot showed an increase in Lc3b expression (autophagy) after 24 hours incubation (early cell death) with CBD in both BxD-1425EPN and SF188 with PARP expression (apoptosis) increased after 5 days incubation (late cell death). Cell cycle analysis showed a decrease of cells in G1 and no change in G2 indicating cell cycle arrest. In hypoxia, SF188 and BxD-1425EPN cells showed decreased cell death after 24 hours and 5 days when compared to normoxia and an EC50 within acceptable limits could not be achieved. SF188 cells pre-treated with receptor antagonists indicate that CBD was not acting through CB1, CB2, GPR18, PPARα or PPARγ receptors but may act as a partial agonist of the TRPV1 and 5-HT1A receptors and a full agonist of the GPR55 receptor (resazurin assay). This provides evidence that CBD is effective at killing paediatric brain tumour cells and does not have a significant effect on normal astrocytes.

scholarly journals THER-03. IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF CANNABIDIOL ON PAEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOUR CELL LINES USING A PULSED TREATMENT REGIME

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii471-iii472
Author(s):  
Sophie Faulkes ◽  
George Lockwood ◽  
Saoirse E O’Sullivan ◽  
Richard G Grundy ◽  
Lisa C D Storer
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Tumour Cell ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Resazurin Assay ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Paediatric Brain Tumour ◽  
Tumour Cell Lines

Abstract Paediatric brain tumours are the second most common cancer after haematological malignancies. Intermittent dosing regimens are typical for chemotherapy drugs in order to avoid excessive damage to organs and avoid the onset of late effects. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to have cytotoxic properties on paediatric brain tumour cell lines. Although CBD is far less toxic and damaging than the classical chemotherapy options which are currently available to children suffering with brain tumours, there are some possible side effects. Given that the half-life of the drug is 24 hours, it was important to establish the nature of the effect of cumulative dosing on top of the remaining drug in the system. The pHGG cell line, SF188 was cultured in different concentrations of CBD with either 1, 2 or 3 doses being given on consecutive days. 24 hours after the last dose the cells were analysed using the resazurin assay. It was observed that the amount of drug required for an EC50 to be obtained decreased; 17.6µM (1 dose), 8µM (2 doses), 5µM (3 doses) and that cell survival was reduced to nearly 0% in those cells which received multiple does of CBD at 17.6µM. In order to mimic the intermittent dosing regime, the cells were returned to the incubator for 4 days before the resazurin assay was repeated. The decrease in viability was maintained over the extended culture period meaning that the ability of even the apparent “healthy” cells to proliferate had been permanently affected.

scholarly journals Maternal cured meat consumption during pregnancy and risk of paediatric brain tumour in offspring: potentially harmful levels of intake

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice M Pogoda ◽  
Susan Preston-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Cured Meats ◽  
Cured Meat ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Paediatric Brain Tumour ◽  
Paediatric Brain Tumours ◽  
Nitrite Content

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the relationship between specific levels of nitrite intake from cured meat consumption during pregnancy and the relative risk of paediatric brain tumours in the offspring.DesignExposure data were previously collected for a population-based case–control study of paediatric brain tumours; data on nitrite content were obtained by a comprehensive literature review of surveys of residual nitrite content in cured meats published in the USA and Canada. The level of nitrite intake for each mother was predicted by year of pregnancy based on survey results. Dose–response was evaluated both categorically and continuously using polynomial and quadratic spline regression.SettingThe US west coast: Los Angeles County, the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Area and the Seattle–Puget Sound area.SubjectsThere were 540 cases diagnosed between 1984 and 1990 at ages varying from 0 to 19 years, and 801 controls frequency-matched by geographic area, age and birth year.ResultsIn general, survey results suggest a trend of decreasing nitrite levels in cured meats over time. We observed a moderate increase in brain tumour risk in the offspring of mothers with relatively low levels of nitrite consumption from cured meats during pregnancy, and a two- to three-fold risk increase in offspring of mothers who consumed 3 mg day−1 nitrite from cured meats (about 125 g day−1 of cured meat consumption throughout the pregnancy).ConclusionsA substantial risk of paediatric brain tumour appears to be associated with relatively high levels of maternal cured meat consumption during pregnancy. A more scientifically valid approach than a literature review to estimate nitrite intake from cured meats and data from a large group of highly exposed subjects would be useful in determining potentially harmful levels.

scholarly journals Mortality due to primary brain tumours in China and detection rate in people with suspected symptoms: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Jiang ◽  
Hongmei Liu ◽  
Dongling Sun ◽  
Haixin Sun ◽  
Xiaojuan Ru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Primary Brain Tumours ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background and purpose Epidemiological data on primary brain tumours (PBTs) are lacking due to the difficulty in case ascertainment among the population. Thus, we aimed to estimate mortality due to PBTs in China nationwide and the detection rate in people with suspected symptoms. Methods A multistage, complex sampling survey regarding mortality due to PBTs in Chinese individuals was carried out by reviewing all causes of death within a year. The detection rates in people with suspected symptoms were estimated based on PBT symptom screening and neurologist reviews and compared between groups by logistic regression analysis. Results Weighted mortality due to PBT was 1.6 (0.8–3.3) per 100,000 population in Chinese individuals, 1.8 (0.7–4.6) per 100,000 population in men, and 1.5 (0.5–4.5) per 100,000 population in women. Among 14,990 people with suspected symptoms, the PBT detection rate was 306.9 (95% CI 224.7–409.3) per 100,000 population in the total population, 233.0 (95% CI 135.7–373.1) per 100,000 population in men, and 376.9 (95% CI 252.4–546.3) per 100,000 population in women. People with an unsteady gait (OR 2.46; 95% CI 1.09–5.51; P=0.029), visual anomalies (3.84; 1.88–7.85; P<0.001), and headache (2.06; 1.10–3.86; P=0.023) were more likely to have a brain tumour than those without corresponding symptoms, while people with dizziness/vertigo were less likely to have a brain tumour than those without corresponding symptoms (0.45; 0.23–0.87; P=0.017). Conclusions Mortality due to PBT in China was low, with a nationwide estimate of 21,215 (10,427–43,165) deaths attributable to PBTs annually. However, the detection rate of PBTs can be greatly improved based on symptom screening in the population.

scholarly journals Construction of the National Brain Tumor Registry of China for better management and more efficient use of data: a protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040055
Author(s):  
Liwei Zhang ◽  
Wang Jia ◽  
Nan Ji ◽  
Deling Li ◽  
Dan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Tumor Registry ◽  
Depth Analysis

IntroductionBrain tumours encompass a complex group of intracranial tumours that mostly affect young adults and children, with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis. It remains impossible to systematically collect data on patients with brain tumours in China and difficult to perform in-depth analysis on the status of brain tumours, medical outcomes or other important medical issues through a multicentre clinical study. This study describes the first nation-wide data platform including the entire spectrum of brain tumour entities, which will allow better management and more efficient application of patient data in China.Methods and analysisThe National Brain Tumor Registry of China (NBTRC) is a registry of real-word clinical data on brain tumours. It is established and managed by the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases and administered by its scientific and executive committees. The 54 participating hospitals of the NBTRC are located in 27 provinces/municipalities, performing more than 40 000 brain tumour surgeries per year. The data consist of in-hospital medical records, images and follow-up information after discharge. Data can be uploaded in three ways: the web portal, remote physical servers and offline software. The data quality control scheme is seven-dimensional. Each participating hospital could focus on a single pathology subtype and public subtypes of brain tumour for which they expect to conduct related multicentre clinical research. The standardised workflow to conduct clinical research is based on the benefit-sharing mechanism. Data collection will be conducted continuously from 1 February 2019 to 31 January 2024.Ethics and disseminationInformed consent will be obtained from all participants. Consent for the adolescents’ participation will be also obtained from their guardians via written consent. The results will be published in professional journals, in both Chinese and English.Trial registration numberChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900021096).

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