IMT-1 A translational research for practical use of dendritic cell-based immunotherapy against malignant glioma

Abstract Background: Although a therapeutic effect of dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy, a kind of regenerative medicine, has been recognized in various types of cancer including malignant glioma, it is still impractical because of several unsolved problems. This study is aimed to solve the problems in regenerative medicine through a clinical trial of immunotherapy using fusions of DCs and glioma cells (GCs) against malignant glioma, and to put it into practical use. Methods: Primary cultured GCs and glioma stem cells (GSCs) were generated from surgical specimens of patient. DCs were generated from PBMC of same patient, and were fused with GCs and GSCs. The entire process of cell production must be performed by pairs of two cell-culture operators in a dedicated cell processing facility. We developed a remote cell-observation system for reducing hands work of operators. As a project to establish a preservation method, cryopreservation of glioma tissues, GCs/GSCs, DCs and fusion cells followed by their viability examination. Results: The remote cell-observation system worked stable in morphological observation and cell-counting for adhesion cells. A growth curve was also automatically and accurately created. Although a morphological observation of floating cells such as GSCs and DCs was possible, there was some error in counting of those cells. A project to establish a preservation method is currently underway, including the development of storage containers and storage liquids. Conclusions: Although the remote cell-observation system required some modifications at the observation site, depth of focus, etc. for floating cells, there was no problem in accuracy for adhesion cells compared with operator’s observation. This system, which can be easily installed at low cost, seemed to be helpful for practical use of regenerative medical products including this therapy. We are working on a project to establish a stable transportation and preservation method for prevalence of this treatment.

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HOUSEHOLD WATER BALANCE AND ASSESSMENT OF WATER VOLUME FOR IRRIGATION IN AGRO LANDSCAPES OF THE KYZYLSU-YUZHNAYA BASIN

Prirodoobustrojstvo ◽

10.26897/1997-6011-2020-5-102-109 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 102-109

Author(s):

D.KH. DOMULLODZHANOV ◽

◽

R. RAHMATILLOEV

Keyword(s):

Water Balance ◽

River Basin ◽

Water Use ◽

Storage Systems ◽

Low Cost ◽

Field Studies ◽

Water Volume ◽

Land Productivity ◽

Household Water ◽

And Storage

The article presents the results of the field studies and observations that carried out on the territory of the hilly, low-mountain and foothill agro landscapes of the Kyzylsu-yuzhnaya (Kyzylsu-Southern) River Basin of Tajikistan. Taking into account the high-altitude location of households and the amount of precipitation in the river basin, the annual volumes of water accumulated with the use of low-cost systems of collection and storage of precipitation have been clarified. The amount of water accumulated in the precipitation collection and storage systems has been established, the volume of water used for communal and domestic needs,the watering of livestock and the amount of water that can be used to irrigate crops in the have been determined. Possible areas of irrigation of household plots depending on the different availability of precipitation have been determined. It has been established that in wet years (with precipitation of about 10%) the amount of water collected using drip irrigation will be sufficient for irrigation of 0.13 hectares, and in dry years (with 90% of precipitation) it will be possible to irrigate only 0.03 ha of the household plot. On the basis of the basin, the total area of irrigation in wet years can be 4497 ha, and in dry years only 1087 ha. Taking into account the forecasts of population growth by 2030 and an increase in the number of households, the total area of irrigation of farmlands in wet years may reach 5703 hectares,and in dry years – 1379 hectares. Growing crops on household plots under irrigation contributes to a significant increase in land productivity and increases the efficiency of water use of the Kyzylsu-yuzhnaya basin.

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EPCT-13. CMV PP65 RNA-PULSED DENDRITIC CELL VACCINES FOR PEDIATRIC GLIOBLASTOMA AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA: PHASE I TRIAL RESULTS

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. iii306-iii306

Author(s):

Daniel Landi ◽

Gary Archer ◽

Timothy Driscoll ◽

Eric Lipp ◽

Bridget Archambault ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cell ◽

Phase I ◽

Malignant Glioma ◽

Phase I Trial ◽

Active Immunization ◽

Monocyte Differentiation ◽

Dendritic Cell Vaccines ◽

Dc Vaccines ◽

Subsequent Phase ◽

Children And Young Adults

Abstract BACKGROUND Recurrent medulloblastoma and malignant glioma are lethal tumors that are virtually incurable. The cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen pp65 is ubiquitously expressed on medulloblastoma and malignant glioma but not on healthy brain. We evaluated autologous CMV pp65 RNA-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccines in children and young adults in a phase I trial. METHODS Circulating monocytes were harvested using leukapheresis, differentiated into DCs, matured, and pulsed with pp65 RNA using electroporation. DCs were packaged into vaccines (2x107DC/vaccine) and administered intradermally following tetanus-diphtheria toxoid site preconditioning every 2 weeks x3, then monthly. The primary objectives of the study were to establish the feasibility of generating at least 3 vaccines and safety. An exploratory objective was to evaluate the ability of vaccination to create and enhance patient pp65-specific T cell responses. RESULTS Eleven patients were enrolled with medulloblastoma (n=3) or glioblastoma (n=8). Ages ranged from 9–30 years old (mean 15.5y). Ten of 11 patients (91%) generated at least 3 vaccines (mean 6.2). Eight patients received at least 3 vaccines. To date, 4 patients have received all generated vaccines without progression, 4 patients have progressed, and 2 patients are still receiving vaccines. There have not been any severe adverse events probably or definitely related to vaccines. More mature data will be presented at ISPNO. CONCLUSIONS Leukapheresis and monocyte differentiation is a feasible strategy for generating adequate DCs for active immunization in children with malignant brain tumors. CMV pp65 RNA-pulsed DCs are well-tolerated and immunogenic. Efficacy endpoints will be evaluated in a subsequent phase II trial.

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Dendritic cell–based immunotherapy targeting Wilms’ tumor 1 in patients with recurrent malignant glioma

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2015.1.jns141554 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 123 (4) ◽

pp. 989-997 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Keiichi Sakai ◽

Shigetaka Shimodaira ◽

Shinya Maejima ◽

Nobuyuki Udagawa ◽

Kenji Sano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cell ◽

Malignant Glioma ◽

Stable Disease ◽

Wilms Tumor ◽

Malignant Gliomas ◽

Tumor Lysate ◽

Dc Vaccine ◽

Pulsed Dc ◽

Wilms Tumor 1 ◽

Vaccination Therapy

OBJECT Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination is considered a potentially effective therapy against advanced cancer. The authors conducted a Phase I study to investigate the safety and immunomonitoring of Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1)-pulsed DC vaccination therapy for patients with relapsed malignant glioma. METHODS WT1-pulsed and/or autologous tumor lysate-pulsed DC vaccination therapy was performed in patients with relapsed malignant gliomas. Approximately 1 × 107 to 2 × 107 pulsed DCs loaded with WT1 peptide antigen and/or tumor lysate were intradermally injected into the axillary areas with OK-432, a streptococcal preparation, at 2-week intervals for at least 5–7 sessions (1 course) during an individual chemotherapy regimen. RESULTS Ten patients (3 men, 7 women; age range 24–64 years [median 39 years]) with the following tumors were enrolled: glioblastoma (6), anaplastic astrocytoma (2), anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (1), and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (1). Modified WT1 peptide–pulsed DC vaccine was administered to 7 patients, tumor lysate-pulsed DC vaccine to 2 patients, and both tumor lysate–pulsed and WT1-pulsed DC vaccine to 1 patient. The clinical response was stable disease in 5 patients with WT1-pulsed DC vaccination. In 2 of 5 patients with stable disease, neurological findings improved, and MR images showed tumor shrinkage. No serious adverse events occurred except Grade 1–2 erythema at the injection sites. WT1 tetramer analysis detected WT1-reactive cytotoxic T cells after vaccination in patients treated with WT1-pulsed therapy. Positivity for skin reaction at the injection sites was 80% (8 of 10 patients) after the first session, and positivity remained for these 8 patients after the final session. CONCLUSIONS This study of WT1-pulsed DC vaccination therapy demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and feasibility in the management of relapsed malignant gliomas.

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Feasibility of cereal straw for industrial utilization in Minnesota

American Journal of Alternative Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0889189300008407 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 2-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N.C. Wagner ◽

S. Ramaswamy ◽

U. Tschirner

Keyword(s):

Animal Feed ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Low Cost ◽

Economic Feasibility ◽

Raw Material ◽

Cereal Straw ◽

Industrial Utilization ◽

Industrial Use ◽

On Farm ◽

And Storage

AbstractA pre-economic feasibility study was undertaken to determine the potential of cereal straw for industrial utilization in Minnesota. Specifically, utilizing straw for pulp and paper manufacture was of interest. The availability of cereal straw fiber supplies at various locations across the state of Minnesota, along with pre-processing issues such as transportation, harvesting, handling, and storage, are discussed and priced. The greatest economic advantage of straw for industrial use appears to be the low cost of the raw material compared to traditional raw materials. This also provides an excellent opportunity for additional income for farmers. The methodology and information provided here should be helpful in evaluating the feasibility of utilizing straw for other industrial purposes in other parts of the world. However, in some Third World countries, long-standing on-farm, traditional uses of cereal straws for fuel, fiber, and animal feed may limit their availability for industrial utilization.

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IT-07 * COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF pDCs AND mDCs FOR DENDRITIC CELL BASED VACCINE STRATEGY FOR MALIGNANT GLIOMA

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/nou258.6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (suppl 5) ◽

pp. v111-v111

Author(s):

M. Dey ◽

A. Chang ◽

D. Wainwright ◽

A. Ahmed ◽

Y. Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cell ◽

Malignant Glioma ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Vaccine Strategy ◽

Dendritic Cell Based Vaccine

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Effects of Preservation Methods in the Composition of the Placental and Reflected Regions of the Human Amniotic Membrane

Cells Tissues Organs ◽

10.1159/000515448 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Jéssica Tereza Guedes de Oliveira Moraes ◽

Maíra Maftoum Costa ◽

Paula Cristina Santos Alves ◽

Luciana Barros Sant’Anna

Keyword(s):

Regenerative Medicine ◽

Amniotic Membrane ◽

Structural Integrity ◽

Storage Period ◽

Soluble Proteins ◽

Control Group ◽

Human Amniotic Membrane ◽

Glycerol Solution ◽

Preservation Methods ◽

Preservation Method

The human amniotic membrane (AM) is emerging as an interesting biomaterial for regenerative medicine due to its biological and mechanical proprieties. The beneficial effects of the AM are probably related to its bioactive factors produced by local cells and stored in the stromal matrix. However, the search for a preservation method capable of preserving AM properties remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate important features of 2 anatomical regions of the human AM (reflected and placental amnion) after different preservation methods. For this purpose, human placentas were harvested and processed for AM isolation and storage at 2 different conditions: room temperature for 18 h in DMEM (fresh AM) and −80°C in DMEM/glycerol solution for 30 days (cryopreserved AM). After the storage period, the structural integrity of the membrane was assessed by histological and Picrosirius polarization analysis, cellular viability analysis was performed using the MTT assay, and the soluble proteins were quantified with the Qubit Protein Assay Kit. Both preservation protocols reduced the cell viability, mainly in the placental amnion region of the AM, but preserved the morphology of epithelial and stromal layers, as well as the organization and distribution of collagen fibers. There was a reduction in soluble proteins only in fresh AM. Importantly, the cryopreserved AM group presented the same concentration as the control group. In conclusion, the cryopreservation using DMEM/glycerol was ideal for preserving the structural integrity and soluble protein content, indicating the feasibility of this method in preserving AM for its use in regenerative medicine.

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Rapid iodine capture from radioactive wastewater by green and low-cost biomass waste derived porous silicon–carbon composite

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ra09723c ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 5268-5275

Author(s):

Guiyang Qu ◽

Ying Han ◽

Junjun Qi ◽

Xinyue Xing ◽

Minjie Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Energy ◽

Radioactive Iodine ◽

Low Cost ◽

Carbon Composite ◽

Biomass Waste ◽

Nuclear Waste Storage ◽

Waste Storage ◽

Silicon Carbon ◽

Radioactive Wastewater ◽

And Storage

The effective and safe capture and storage of radioactive iodine (129I or 131I) are of significant importance during nuclear waste storage and nuclear energy generation.

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DETERMINATION OF BTEX IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES: DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTION OF TECHNOLOGIES AND ANALYTICAL METHODS

Periódico Tchê Química ◽

10.52571/ptq.v16.n31.2020.437_periodico31_pgs_431_439.pdf ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (31) ◽

pp. 431-439

Author(s):

Helilma de Andréa PINHEIRO ◽

Ana Paula Mota FERREIRA ◽

Ismael Carlos Braga ALVES ◽

Antônio Fernandes SANTOS JÚNIOR ◽

Raquel Bezerra dos Santos SAWCZUK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽

Environmental Samples ◽

Low Cost ◽

The United States ◽

Operational Control ◽

Toxic Compounds ◽

Chromatographic Techniques ◽

Benzene Toluene ◽

And Storage

The contamination of water and soil by petroleum hydrocarbons is reported quite frequently, mainly due to accidents involving transport and storage of fuels. Among the most toxic compounds the most volatile benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX). Residues of these compounds can cause serious environmental and public health troubles. Thus, more sensitive, selective and low-cost techniques, focused on the analysis and monitoring of these contaminants are being developed in order to establish operational control and to comply with local laws, but the intellectual property of such technologies is still unknown. The present study shows the panorama about patents, thesis and dissertations which have been already published on this theme. Together, the United States and China hold the largest number of patents, and most of thesis/dissertations describe methodologies for BTEX detection in water, although numerous environmental problems caused by oils in the soil had been reported. Also, the methods based on chromatographic techniques stand out in relation to the other techniques. It was possible to verify important advances in the field of sensors, especially the electrochemical ones, in order to solve the analytical gaps.

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Preliminary Characterization of Three Metallurgical Bauxite Residue Samples

Materials Proceedings ◽

10.3390/materproc2021005066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 66

Author(s):

Panagiotis Angelopoulos ◽

Maria Georgiou ◽

Paschalis Oustadakis ◽

Maria Taxiarchou ◽

Hakan Karadağ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Bauxite Residue ◽

Raw Material ◽

Morphological Observation ◽

Critical Metals ◽

Alumina Production ◽

Preliminary Characterization ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Extraction And Separation ◽

Bulk Chemical

Bauxite Metallurgical Residue (BR) is a highly alkaline and very fine-grained by-product of the Bayer process for alumina production. Its huge global annual production has resulted in increasing accumulation of BR, causing deposition problems and serious environmental issues. RM contains oxides and salts of the main elements Fe, Al, Ca, Na, Si, Ti, and rare earths—REEs (Sc, Nd, Y, La, Ce, Ds)—many of which have been categorised by EU as critical metals (CMs). The valorisation of BR as a low-cost secondary raw material and metal resource could be a route for its reduction, introducing the waste into the economic cycle. REEScue constitutes a research project that aims to instigate the efficient exploitation of European bauxite residues, resulting from alumina production from Greece (MYTILINEOS SA), Turkey (ETI Aluminium), and Romania (ALUM SA), containing appreciable concentrations of scandium and REEs, through the development of a number of innovative extraction and separation technologies that can efficiently address the drawbacks of the existing solution. The consortium consists of three alumina producers from Greece (MYTILINEOS SA), Turkey (ETI Aluminium), and Romania (ALUM SA) and two academic partners from Greece (National Technical University of Athens) and Turkey (Necmettin Erbacan University). We present preliminary characterization results of three different BR samples that originate from the three aluminium industries, in respect of bulk chemical analysis (XRF, ICP), mineralogical investigation (XRD), and morphological observation through microscopy.

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Characterization of enteric disease in children using a low-cost specimen preservation method

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01703-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda K. Debes ◽

Shaoming Xiao ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Allison Shaffer ◽

Paul Scalzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Filter Paper ◽

Disease Burden ◽

Stool Specimen ◽

Diarrheal Disease ◽

Vaccine Development ◽

Low Cost ◽

Preservation Method ◽

Stool Specimens ◽

Taqman Array

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea is a leading cause of death in children under five. Molecular methods exist for the rapid detection of enteric pathogens; however, the logistical costs of storing stool specimens limit applicability. We sought to demonstrate that dried filter paper specimen preservation can identify diarrheal diseases causing significant morbidity among children in resource constrained countries. METHODS: A sub-study was nested into cholera surveillance in Cameroon. Enrollment criteria included: enrollment between 8/1/16 - 10/1/18; age < 18 years; a stool specimen; ≥ three loose stools within 24hours with the presence of dehydration and/or blood. 7227 persons were enrolled, for which 2746 met enrollment criteria and 337 were included in this analysis using the enteric TaqMan Array Card. Bacterial pathogens were compared to severity of diarrhea, age and sex, among other variables. RESULTS: 107 were ETEC positive of which: 40.2% (N=43) LT-STh, 19.6% (N=21) LT-STp; and 49.5% (53) LT-only. Major CFs were present in 43.9% of ETEC-positives. 96 were positive for Shigella, of which 14 (14.6%) reported dysentery. Model-derived quantitative cutoffs identified 116 (34.4%) with one highly diarrhea-associated pathogen and 16 (4.7%) with ≥ two. Shigellae and rotavirus were most strongly associated with diarrhea in children with mixed infections. CONCLUSION: Dried filter paper preserved specimens eliminate the need for frozen stool specimens and will facilitate enteric surveillance and contribute to the understanding of disease burden, which is needed to guide vaccine development and introduction. This study confirms Rotavirus, Shigella and ETEC as major contributors to pediatric diarrheal disease in two regions of Cameroon.

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