scholarly journals Environmental and Climatic Risk Factors for Zika and Chikungunya Virus Infections in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2015–2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S56-S56
Author(s):  
Trevon Fuller ◽  
Guilherme A Calvet ◽  
Camila Genaro Estevam ◽  
Patricia Brasil ◽  
Jussara Rafael Angelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Health Department ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Vector Ecology ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
Larval Stages

Abstract Background The objective of the present study was to identify drivers of the ZIV epidemic in the state of Rio de Janeiro to predict where the next hotspots will occur and prioritize areas for vector control and eventual vaccination once available. Methods To assess climatic and socio-economic drivers of arbovirus epidemics, we mapped rainfall, temperature, and sanitation infrastructure in the municipalities where individuals with laboratory confirmed cases of arboviral infection resided using our spatial pattern risk model. Results From March 2015 to May 2016, 3,916 participants from 58 municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro were tested for dengue, Chikungunya (CHKV), and ZIKV by RT-PCR and enzyme immunoassays. During the same period, 69,256 suspected cases of dengue, CHKV, and ZIKV were reported to the Rio Health Department, including 23,983 of dengue, 44,572 of ZIKV, and 701 of CHKV. Laboratory confirmed cases included 29 cases (0.7%) of dengue, 1,717 of ZIKV (43.8%), and 2,170 of CHKV (55.4%). Rains in Rio began in October 2015 and were followed one month later by the largest wave of the ZIKV epidemic (Figure 1). ZIKV cases markedly declined in February 2016, which coincided with the start of a CHKV outbreak. Rainfall predicted ZIKV and CHKV in Rio with a lead-time of 3 weeks each time. Social and environmental variables predicted the number of cases. The temporal dynamics of ZIKV and CHKV in Rio de Janeiro are explained by the shorter incubation period of the viruses in the mosquito vector; 2 days for CHKV vs 10 days for ZIKV. Conclusion The association between rainfall and ZIKV reflects vector ecology, as the larval stages of Aedes aegypti require pools of water to develop. Rainfall in October 2015 would have produced such pools resulting in increased mosquito abundance likely contributing to the ZIKV epidemic in humans the following month. The decrease in ZIKV in February 2016 and the increase in CHKV likely arose due to within-vector competition. The Pan American Health Organization’s ZIKV Strategic Plan states that controlling arboviruses requires mapping their social and environmental drivers. Our findings contribute to such control efforts. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Integração local da população refugiada no estado do Rio de Janeiro:

Revista Prumo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Ariane Rego de Paiva ◽  
Roberta Gomes Thomé
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Refugee Population ◽  
Local Integration

This work presents a problematization about the local integration of refugees as one of the lasting solutions proposed by the UNHCR and the present challenges for the consolidation of policies of social protection for this segment in the state of Rio de Janeiro. This study was made through the bibliographic analisis and systematization of a workshop about the thematics carried with governamental and non-governamental agents and leaderships in the refugee population in the occasion of the seminar Mobility Crossroads: knowledge and practices in protection policies for refugee populations and migrants in vulnerable situation, which occurred in November 2017, organized by Cátedra Sérgio Vieira de Mello of PUC-Rio.

Assessment of changes in the state of the rangelands of Inner Mongolia, China between 1998 and 2007 using remotely sensed data

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. M. Hu ◽  
S. G. Li ◽  
J. W. Dong ◽  
J. W. Fan
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
The State ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Aboveground Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index

The spatial annual patterns of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and precipitation-use efficiency (PUE) of the rangelands of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, a region in which several projects for ecosystem restoration had been implemented, are described for the years 1998–2007. Remotely sensed normalised difference vegetation index and ANPP data, measured in situ, were integrated to allow the prediction of ANPP and PUE in each 1 km2 of the 12 prefectures of Inner Mongolia. Furthermore, the temporal dynamics of PUE and ANPP residuals, as indicators of ecosystem deterioration and recovery, were investigated for the region and each prefecture. In general, both ANPP and PUE were positively correlated with mean annual precipitation, i.e. ANPP and PUE were higher in wet regions than in arid regions. Both PUE and ANPP residuals indicated that the state of the rangelands of the region were generally improving during the period of 2000–05, but declined by 2007 to that found in 1999. Among the four main grassland-dominated prefectures, the recovery in the state of the grasslands in the Erdos and Chifeng prefectures was highest, and Xilin Gol and Chifeng prefectures was 2 years earlier than Erdos and Hunlu Buir prefectures. The study demonstrated that the use of PUE or ANPP residuals has some limitations and it is proposed that both indices should be used together with relatively long-term datasets in order to maximise the reliability of the assessments.

On mobulid rays and metals: Metal content for the first Mobula mobular record for the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and a review on metal ecotoxicology assessments for the Manta and Mobula genera

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 112472
Author(s):  
Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis ◽  
Catarina Amorim-Lopes ◽  
Nathan Lagares Franco Araujo ◽  
Manasi Rebouças ◽  
Ricardo Andrade Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
The State

Suitable environmental areas for commercial timber in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinna Lopes F. Gomes ◽  
Dayanne de Oliveira Prado ◽  
Tamires Partélli Correia ◽  
Gustavo Bastos Lyra ◽  
Emanuel José Gomes de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

scholarly journals Larvae of Hysterothylacium sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in the sole fish Paralichthys isosceles Jordan, 1890 (Pisces: Teleostei) from the littoral of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 166 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Felizardo ◽  
R.C. Menezes ◽  
R. Tortelly ◽  
M. Knoff ◽  
R.M. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State

New milestones of professional culture for the persons regulating relations in the field of fire safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
A. V. Ershov ◽  
V. B. Korobko
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Professional Culture ◽  
The State ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Target Model ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Safe Condition

The article addresses the problem of bridging the divide between the present-day technological advancement, primarily in the field of normative legal and technical regulation of fire safety, and the qualification of persons, authorized to regulate relations in fire safety assurance (hereinafter — “Authorized persons”) in the context of transition of the state regulation of fire safety relations from an obsolete standard target model to a new analytical and scenario-based (risk-oriented) target model used to make decisions in the area of control over the safe condition of the technosphere in view of a sudden increase in the dynamics of sociocultural processes.The Education and Research Supervision Unit of the State Fire Academy of the EMERCOM of Russia (the Ministry for Civil Defense, Emergencies, and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters), responsible for the drafting of suggestions concerning the implementation of point 10, Minutes № 1 of the meeting of the workgroup of EMERCOM of Russia on May 20, 2019 “Regarding the arrangement of interaction with the management authorities of the institutional firefighting service of executive federal authorities and organizations”, has developed “The list of milestones of professional culture for the persons responsible for regulating relations in the field of fire safety for the period of transition from a standard target model to the risk model of controlling, supervisory, and authorization-related activities” (hereinafter — “the List”).This List represents a basic set of conceptual professional milestones, whose attainment enables authorized persons to re-focus their conscience from an obsolete standard paradigm, used to make decisions in the area of fire safety, to a new risk-oriented one.Given the focus of this article, it defines some, or the most significant, milestones of professional risk-oriented culture of authorized persons.

scholarly journals Animal infections by vaccinia-like viruses in the state of Rio de Janeiro: an expanding disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann G. Schatzmayr ◽  
Bruno R. Simonetti ◽  
Danielle C. Abreu ◽  
José P. Simonetti ◽  
Sandra R. Simonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Northwestern Region

In the present study we investigated the presence of infections by vaccinia-like viruses in dairy cattle from 12 counties in the state of Rio de Janeiro in the last 9 years. Clinical specimens were collected from adult animals with vesicular/pustular lesions mainly in the udder and teats, and from calves with lesions around the nose and mouth. A plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was applied to search for antibodies to Orthopoxvirus; the vesicular/pustular fluids and scabs were examined by PCR, electron microscopy (EM) and by inoculation in VERO cells for virus isolation. Antibodies to Orthopoxvirus were detected in most cases. The PCR test indicated a high nucleotide homology among the isolates and the vaccinia viruses (VACV) used as controls. By EM, typical orthopoxvirus particles were observed in some specimens. The agents isolated in tissue culture were confirmed as vaccinia-like viruses by EM and PCR. The HA gene of the vaccinia-like Cantagalo/IOC virus isolated in our laboratory was sequenced and compared with other vaccinia-like isolates, showing high homology with the original Cantagalo strain, both strains isolated in 1999 from dairy cattle. Antibodies to Orthopoxvirus were detected in one wild rodent (genus Akodon sp.) collected in the northwestern region of the state, indicating the circulation of poxvirus in this area. Nonetheless, PCR applied to tissue samples collected from the wild rodents were negative. Vesicular/pustular lesions in people in close contact with animals have been also recorded. Thus, the vaccinia-like virus infections in cattle and humans in the state seem to be an expanding condition, resulting in economic losses to dairy herds and leading to transient incapacitating human disease. Therefore, a possible immunization of the dairy cattle in the state should be carefully evaluated.

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