scholarly journals 2634. Human Metapneumovirus in a Children’s Hospital: It Should Get More Attention

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S920-S920
Author(s):  
Nellie Said ◽  
Wendi Gornick ◽  
Beth Huff ◽  
Jasjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Abstract Background Viral respiratory infections are a major cause of hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission to children’s hospitals. Rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza are closely tracked due to their known morbidity. We had previously observed over one season that human metapneumovirus (hMPV)-infected children have high rates of hospitalizations and ICU admissions, particularly those with chronic lung disease (CLD). We expanded our data to include an additional 5 seasons to compare rates of hospitalizations and hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) due to hMPV, RSV and influenza. Methods During the 2014–2019 winter viral seasons, hMPV, RSV and influenza infections were tracked through both PCR testing (Biofire Respiratory Panel) and DFA testing (D3 Ultra DFA Respiratory Virus Screening & ID Kit; Diagnostic Hybrids). For hMPV admissions, rates of hospitalizations, ICU admissions, HAIs and mortalities were assessed and compared with RSV and influenza admissions. Retrospective data were used to study patients infected with hMPV. Results During the winter seasons of 2014–2019, the rates of hospitalization due to hMPV were significantly higher than both RSV and influenza (Figure 1). ICU admissions and HAIs for hMPV were similar to RSV and influenza (Figures 2 and 3). There were 9 deaths over this time period; 5 due to RSV, 3 due to influenza and 1 due to hMPV. The proportion of deaths due to hMPV compared with RSV and influenza was similar (P = 0.54, 0.89, respectively). Of the 315 total admissions with hMPV, 43 (13.7%) had CLD and 13 (4.1%) were tracheostomy dependent. Among 67 hMPV ICU admissions from 2014–2019, 56 (84%) had an underlying medical diagnosis, 25 (37%) had CLD, 13 (19%) had tracheostomies, and 17 (25%) required mechanical ventilation. The average age of hMPV infected children in our ICU is 4 years 1 month. Conclusion Our large descriptive study of hMPV-infected children over 6 seasons showed higher rates of hospitalization compared with RSV and influenza, similar ICU and HAI rates, and similar rates of mortality. ICU admitted children often had associated co-morbidities, including CLD. Further studies for focused disease surveillance and potential vaccine development for high-risk children are needed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals COVID-19 mitigation strategies were associated with decreases in other respiratory virus infections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinha Pranay ◽  
Katherine Reifler ◽  
Michael Rossi ◽  
Manish Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Abstract Detection of diverse respiratory viruses in Boston was around 80% lower after practices were instituted to limit COVID-19 spread compared to the same time period during the previous five years. Continuing the strategies that lower COVID-19 dissemination may be useful in decreasing the incidence of other viral respiratory infections.

scholarly journals Severe viral respiratory infections in children with IFIH1 loss-of-function mutations

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (31) ◽  
pp. 8342-8347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Asgari ◽  
Luregn J. Schlapbach ◽  
Stéphanie Anchisi ◽  
Christian Hammer ◽  
Istvan Bartha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Viral respiratory infections are usually mild and self-limiting; still they exceptionally result in life-threatening infections in previously healthy children. To investigate a potential genetic cause, we recruited 120 previously healthy children requiring support in intensive care because of a severe illness caused by a respiratory virus. Using exome and transcriptome sequencing, we identified and characterized three rare loss-of-function variants in IFIH1, which encodes an RIG-I-like receptor involved in the sensing of viral RNA. Functional testing of the variants IFIH1 alleles demonstrated that the resulting proteins are unable to induce IFN-β, are intrinsically less stable than wild-type IFIH1, and lack ATPase activity. In vitro assays showed that IFIH1 effectively restricts replication of human respiratory syncytial virus and rhinoviruses. We conclude that IFIH1 deficiency causes a primary immunodeficiency manifested in extreme susceptibility to common respiratory RNA viruses.

P1557 Human metapneumovirus in paediatric viral respiratory infections

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S436
Author(s):  
J. Alexandre ◽  
M. Alves ◽  
G. Rocha ◽  
A. Magalhães-Sant'Ana ◽  
A. Meliço-Silvestre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

scholarly journals Eicosanoids and Respiratory Viral Infection: Coordinators of Inflammation and Potential Therapeutic Targets

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K. McCarthy ◽  
Jason B. Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Viruses are frequent causes of respiratory infection, and viral respiratory infections are significant causes of hospitalization, morbidity, and sometimes mortality in a variety of patient populations. Lung inflammation induced by infection with common respiratory pathogens such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus is accompanied by increased lung production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, lipid mediators with a wide range of effects on host immune function. Deficiency or pharmacologic inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene production often results in a dampened inflammatory response to acute infection with a respiratory virus. These mediators may, therefore, serve as appealing therapeutic targets for disease caused by respiratory viral infection.

scholarly journals The presence of fever in adults with influenza and other viral respiratory infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. CHUGHTAI ◽  
Q. WANG ◽  
T. C. DUNG ◽  
C. R. MACINTYRE
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

SUMMARYWe compared the rates of fever in adult subjects with laboratory-confirmed influenza and other respiratory viruses and examined the factors that predict fever in adults. Symptom data on 158 healthcare workers (HCWs) with a laboratory-confirmed respiratory virus infection were collected using standardized data collection forms from three separate studies. Overall, the rate of fever in confirmed viral respiratory infections in adult HCWs was 23·4% (37/158). Rates varied by virus: human rhinovirus (25·3%, 19/75), influenza A virus (30%, 3/10), coronavirus (28·6%, 2/7), human metapneumovirus (28·6%, 2/7), respiratory syncytial virus (14·3%, 4/28) and parainfluenza virus (8·3%, 1/12). Smoking [relative risk (RR) 4·65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·33–16·25] and co-infection with two or more viruses (RR 4·19, 95% CI 1·21–14·52) were significant predictors of fever. Fever is less common in adults with confirmed viral respiratory infections, including influenza, than described in children. More than 75% of adults with a viral respiratory infection do not have fever, which is an important finding for clinical triage of adult patients with respiratory infections. The accepted definition of ‘influenza-like illness’ includes fever and may be insensitive for surveillance when high case-finding is required. A more sensitive case definition could be used to identify adult cases, particularly in event of an emerging viral infection.

scholarly journals Respiratory Syncytial Virus Resurgence in Italy: The Need to Protect All Neonates and Young Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Elena Bozzola
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most prevalent cause of viral respiratory infections in children up to the age of 2 years and causes a wide range of clinical manifestations [...]

scholarly journals Epidemiology of viral respiratory infections in Australian working-age adults (20–64 years): 2010–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Varghese ◽  
E. Dent ◽  
M. Chilver ◽  
S. Cameron ◽  
N. P. Stocks
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

AbstractAcute respiratory infections cause significant morbidity and mortality accounting for 5.8 million deaths worldwide. In Australia, influenza-like illness (ILI), defined as cough, fever and fatigue is a common presentation in general practice and results in reduced productivity and lost working days. Little is known about the epidemiology of ILI in working-age adults. Using data from the ASPREN influenza surveillance network in Australia (2010–2013) we found that working-age adults made up 45.2% of all ILI notifications with 55% of samples positive for at least one respiratory virus. Viruses most commonly detected in our study included influenza A (20.6%), rhinovirus (18.6%), influenza B (6.2%), human meta-pneumovirus (3.4%), respiratory syncytial virus (3.1%), para-influenza virus (2.6%) and adenovirus (1.3%). We also demonstrated that influenza A is the predominant virus that increases ILI (by 1.2% per month for every positive influenza A case) in working-age adults during autumn–winter months while other viruses are active throughout the year. Understanding the epidemiology of viral respiratory infections through a year will help clinicians make informed decisions about testing, antibiotic and antiviral prescribing and when the beginning of the ‘flu season’ can be more confidently predicted.

DETECTION OF RSV IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS UNDER 5 YEARS OLD BY REALTIME RT-PCR AND CONVENTIONAL RT-PCR

2015 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Van An Le ◽  
Thi Bao Chi Le ◽  
Hai Duong Huynh ◽  
Chien Thang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Closed Tube ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Objective: Application of realtime RT-PCR and conventional RT-PCR for detection of RSV in viral respiratory infections. Methods: Realtime RT-PCR and conventional nested RT-PCR were used to detect RSV on 110 respiratory samples collected from children with viral lower respiratory infections. Results: The data from the patients, whose samples were collected, showed that lower respiratory tract infections included bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia and that the mean of patient age was below 2 year old, among which, the negative RSV group of patients was 1.9 ±1.7 and the positive RSV group was 1.6 ± 1.4 years of age. The mean of time period from the onset of infections to sample collection was from 3.3 to 3.4 days. Realtime RT-PCR produced the same results as that of conventional RT-PCR. Conclusion: Realtime RT-PCR is rapid and closed-tube procedure; it should be used for detection of RSV in acute respiratory infections. Keywords: RSV, realtime RT-PCR, conventional RT-PCR

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