Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette D. Manglos-Weber
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Opposite Conclusion ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Religious Membership ◽  
Made In

This chapter summarizes the argument made in the preceding chapters and discusses what it means for religious membership to serve as a basis of social trust, and specifically personal trust enacted within social relationships. It then takes on the question of whether religious membership is ultimately helpful for immigrant integration, a major long-running debate among sociologists. It argues that while there is some evidence that religious membership in an ethnic church can detract from integration, ultimately there is much more evidence to support the opposite conclusion. Furthermore, many of the processes that seem to fuel segregation are in fact the result of inequality and the racial order, which challenge the ability of religious membership to realize its integrative potential. As a result, for transnational Ghanaians, religious memberships and their associated trust networks are generally helpful for the integration process; but not even as much as they could be, or as much as these particular immigrants would like.

scholarly journals Social Trust Formation and Credit Accessibility—Evidence from Rural Households in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Huiting Liu ◽  
Pinghan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Gift Giving ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
Trust Formation ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Community Trust

Trust as a form of social capital plays an important role in improving the cooperation between agents, especially in credit lending activities. Trust building has attracted significant research interest, and gift giving has been shown to be one of its main drivers. Nonetheless, the mechanism of gift giving in the formation of trust networks and the channels through which gift giving and trust affect cooperation require further investigation. In this paper, we first separate social trust into community trust and personal trust, and we examine how gift giving affects the formation of each level of trust. We then explore how trust and gift giving affect rural households’ access to formal and informal sources of credit. Our results show that gift giving mainly helps in forming trust at the personal level rather than the community level. In turn, personal and community trust can facilitate access to informal and formal sources of credit, respectively. In addition, personal trust facilitates access to informal loans for consumption and medical expenses but not production. Overall, our findings show that gift giving is mainly used to build personal trust which facilitates access to informal lending for risk-sharing purposes.

scholarly journals Trust: Condition of action or condition of appraisal

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Barbalet
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Late Modernity ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
A Value ◽  
Personal Trust

Research in sociology on social trust is historically recent, reflecting changing conditions underlying self-appraisal in late modernity. Acknowledgement of these changing conditions, and especially their institutional background, contributes to a reconceptualization of the notion of trust and the role of inter-personal trust in social relationships. Under conditions of late modernity, described in the article as ‘precarious institutional maturity’, trust operates primarily as a term in a vocabulary of motive or as a value or appraisal regarding self and other, rather than directly facilitating social relationships. The supposed significance of trust, it is shown, tends to be exaggerated in the literature. The importance of the widely neglected institutional context is indicated in part through consideration of the case of guanxi (Chinese connections) in which high levels of social solidarity exist in the absence of trust.

The Setting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette D. Manglos-Weber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evangelical Christianity ◽  
Interracial Relations ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Conceptual Background ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter presents the historical and conceptual background to the book’s argument. It starts with a history of Ghana, followed by an analysis of the trends that have led to high levels of out-migration, and then to a description of Ghanaian populations in Chicago. Next, it addresses the concept of social trust in general and personal trust in particular, developing a theory of personal trust as an imaginative and symbolic activity, and analyzing interracial relations through the lens of racialized distrust. It concludes by describing the role of religion in the integration of immigrant groups into the United States and the particular religious frameworks that characterize Charismatic Evangelical Christianity in Ghana.

scholarly journals Interpreting Trust: Abstract and Personal Trust for People who Need Interpreters to Access Services

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Edwards ◽  
Claire Alexander ◽  
Bogusia Temple
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Functional Link ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Active Trust ◽  
Access Services ◽  
Minority Ethnic

This article looks at the political and conceptual process of trust drawing on a research project exploring the experiences of people who speak little English and thus need interpreters in order to access services. We examine posited solidarity/diversity tensions in the politicisation of notions of general social trust, and debates about the process of trust, including distinctions between abstract and personal trust, the role of familiarity, and the concept of ‘active trust’, as well as challenges to the functional link between interpretation and expectation in trust. We address the increasing professionalisation of interpreting service provision based on abstract trust, and use case studies to illustrate the complexity of the articulation of trust in interpreters, often involving personal trust, as well as strategies for managing distrust. We conclude that, while trust may be a personal praxis, it takes place in a particular socio-political context that involves asymmetrical relations that focus on particular, minority ethnic, groups.

Validation of the Factorial Structure of Social Capital in Youth Involved in Prosocial and Political Organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 1359-1376
Author(s):  
Cristina Valenzuela ◽  
M. Loreto Martínez ◽  
Patricio Cumsille
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Youth Organizations ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Multidimensional Representation

Social capital (SC) has been described as the “glue” that facilitates close social relationships among individuals, groups, and communities. However, few studies have empirically tested the structure of this concept. We report two studies that advance and test a model of SC in youth involved in social organizations. A theory-guided multidimensional representation of SC comprising six dimensions–social trust, interpersonal trust, participation processes, team work, political efficacy, and peer solidarity–was tested in a sample of 377 Chilean youth. Participants (51% males, M age = 21 years) were mostly students (90%) drawn from 41 youth organizations that pursued either prosocial or political goals. Findings from confirmatory factor analysis supported a four-factor instead of the original six-factor model. This structure was confirmed in an independent sample of 150 participants of social and political organizations. The four-factor second-order model included interpersonal trust, participation processes, team work, and peer solidarity as first-order factors.

scholarly journals Civility and diplomacy: Trust and dissimulation in transnational Afghan trading networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 175-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ethical Virtue ◽  
Made In China ◽  
Trading Networks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

This article explores the relationship between civility and diplomacy in the transnational commercial activities of traders from Afghanistan. The commodity traders on which the article focuses – most of whom are involved in the export and wholesale of commodities made in China – form long-distance networks that criss-cross multiple parts of Asia and are rooted in multiple trading nodes across the region, including the Chinese commercial city of Yiwu, Moscow and Odessa. Much scholarship associates both diplomacy and civility with impression management and dissimulation and therefore identifies such modes of behaviour as being inimical to the fashioning of enduring ties of trust. However, analysis of ethnographic material concerning the traders’ understandings of being diplomatic, as well as the ways in which they seek to conform to contested local notions of civility, furnishes unique insights into the ways in which they build the social relationships and ties of trust on which their commercial activities depend. By exploring the interrelationship between civility and diplomacy, the article seeks to move anthropological debate beyond the question of whether civility is either a form of artifice premised on performance or a deeper ethical virtue in and of itself. It suggests, rather, ambiguity, ambivalence, contradiction and imperfection are inbuilt aspects of the ways in which respect is communicated and evaluated, and ties of trust fashioned and maintained.

scholarly journals Red deer synchronise their activity with close neighbours

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean A Rands ◽  
Naomi Terry ◽  
Hayley Muir
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Animal Behaviour ◽  
The Third ◽  
Collective Animal Behaviour ◽  
Made In

Models of collective animal behaviour frequently make assumptions about the effects of neighbours on the behaviour of focal individuals, but these assumptions are rarely tested. One such set of assumptions is that the switch between active and inactive behaviour seen in herding animals is influenced by the activity of close neighbours, where neighbouring animals show a higher degree of behavioural synchrony than would be expected by chance. We tested this assumption by observing the simultaneous behaviour of paired individuals within a herd of red deer Cervus elaphus. Focal individuals were more synchronised with their two closest neighbours than with the third closest or randomly selected individuals from the herd. Our results suggest that the behaviour of individual deer is influenced by immediate neighbours. Even if we assume that there are no social relationships between individuals, this suggests that the assumptions made in models about the influence of neighbours may be appropriate.

scholarly journals Constraints and Facilitators for Successful Integration: How Bureaucratic Contacts Affects Migrants’ Pathways

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warda Belabas ◽  
Lasse Gerrits
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Political Concern ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Successful Integration

Integration of migrants in Dutch society is a continuous political concern. The regulations governing the immigrant integration processes, and the formal demands to the migrants have been revised several times. Inevitably, the process requires the immigrant to engage in bureaucratic contacts. We postulate that these bureaucratic contacts have a reinforcing or a dampening effect on the integration process, hence on its success. We deployed a grounded research approach in order to investigate this assumption. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 51 migrants. We conclude that bureaucratic contacts have considerable impact on many aspects of the migrants' lives. The observed patterns of positive and negative loops with both favorable and unfavorable consequences for migrants demonstrate the systematic reality in which integration processes develop. The bureaucratic contacts – or lack thereof – are constantly used by migrants to evaluate their situation and to decide on new actions. This in turn sets off a chain reaction that impacts both bureaucratic contacts later on and the way migrants integrate in Dutch society.

Mixing Patterns in Social Trust Networks: A Social Identity Theory Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shixi Liu ◽  
Xiaojing Hu ◽  
Shui-Hua Wang ◽  
Yu-Dong Zhang ◽  
Xianwen Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
Mixing Patterns

Building Trust

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-210
Keyword(s):  
Late Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Public ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
Private Charity ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Chinese Overseas ◽  
Charitable Activities ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter traces the parallel development of charitable practices and forms of civic association in the Cantonese Pacific over the century to 1949 with a view to exploring ways in which Chinese overseas employed charity to build trust within their own communities and with their host societies in Australia and North America. Business activities and social transactions among Chinese diaspora communities are said to be embedded in personal trust, and to extend to larger trust networks. The chapter argues that the evolution of charitable practices and associational forms among Cantonese diaspora communities of the Pacific largely conform to this pattern. By drawing attention to some of the connections linking civic associations and their charitable activities to a range of trust-building strategies over time, the chapter highlights points of continuity in the work of Chinese community organizations overseas during a period of rapid institutional change from the late Qing Dynasty to the founding of the People’s Republic – specifically the relationship between engaging in private charity and working for the public benefit to build community trust.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document