Meter and Rhythm in the Sung Poetry of Iranian Khorasan

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-99
Author(s):  
Stephen Blum
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Potential Analysis ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rhythmic Cycles

The rhythmic theory developed by al-Fārābī remains relevant to the analysis of sung poetry in the contemporary Middle East, not least with respect to the question of how duration comes to be determined and the conception of verse as a constituent of melody (Arabic laḥn) in the fullest sense. This chapter reviews some of Fārābī’s concepts in relation to Christopher Hasty’s discussion of projective potential. Analysis of eight examples of sung verse in Persian and Khorasani Turkish focuses on coordination of tunes with rhythmic cycles associated with different types of poetic meter. I argue that the best analytical work on Persian traditional music, notably that of Dariush Talā’i, provides an excellent foundation for studies of Iran’s regional musics.

Conflict Management in the Middle East

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faten Ghosn
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Singular Stress ◽  
Dominant Strategies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Arab Israeli Conflict ◽  
And Gender

Although the Middle East is a dynamic region that has witnessed countless endeavors dealing with managing, resolving, and preventing conflicts from even emerging, most of the mainstream academic and policy focus has been on the Arab-Israeli peace process, in general, and the strategies of negotiation and mediation, in particular. This article goes beyond the dominant strategies of conflict management and the singular stress on the Arab-Israeli conflict by focusing on the different types of mechanisms available for actors in dealing with their conflict, including track-two diplomacy, the role of culture and gender in conflict management, and, last but not least, the emerging interest in the nuclear negotiations with Iran.

Bridging the Safavid–Ottoman Divide

2019 ◽  
pp. 168-192
Author(s):  
Owen Wright
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Art Music ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Vocal Repertoire ◽  
Song Settings ◽  
Theoretical Literature ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Complex Song ◽  
Rhythmic Cycles

In both Persian and Turkish art-music traditions, despite their significant current differences, the musical idiom of the 15th-century Timurid court is regarded as a significant forbear. Late 15th-century theoretical literature, however, refers to regional variations across the Middle East; these were exacerbated by a lack of continuity in Safavid and Ottoman court patronage during the 16th century, resulting in loss of repertoire and eventual replacement. Yet in the late 17th century commonalities between Safavid and Ottoman art-music practices re-emerge. Although not identical, indeed partly divergent, these practices share a core of frequently used modes and rhythmic cycles and use the same structures for complex song-settings; they even have elements of vocal repertoire in common, while certain Ottoman instrumental pieces are labelled ‘Persian’. There is evidence for the maintenance in both traditions of aesthetic constants in the domains of modulatory practice and formal articulation that can be observed much earlier.

Tensile and Compressive Strain Capacity in the Presence of Corrosion Anomalies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang Zhou ◽  
Yong-Yi Wang ◽  
Mark Stephens ◽  
Jason Bergman ◽  
Steve Nanney
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strain ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Strain Capacity ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
The Us ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tensile Strain Capacity

Over the past 15 years, extensive studies have been conducted on the tensile strain capacity (TSC) and compressive strain capacity (CSC) of pipelines. The existing studies were mainly targeted at the design and construction of new pipelines. However, the impact of anomalies (e.g., corrosion anomalies) on the TSC and CSC has not been explicitly and adequately considered. This paper summarizes work performed as part of a major effort funded by the US Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (DOT PHMSA) aimed at examining the impact of corrosion anomalies on the TSC and CSC of pipelines. In this work, the strain capacities were examined analytically, and the analytical work was compared to results from selected full-scale tests. Based on the summarized work, guidelines were developed for assessing the TSC and the CSC of corroded pipes. The guidelines are applicable to different types of corrosion anomalies, including circumferential grooves, longitudinal grooves and general corrosion. The strain capacities can be calculated using the key material properties and dimensions of pipe and corrosion anomalies as inputs.

Recent Recordings of Traditional music from the Arabian Gulf and Saudi Arabia

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Hardy Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Music Distribution

The music of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf flourishes predominantly within its own regional boundaries, a function of both the fragmented music distribution channels in the Middle East and the deep imprint that local traditional cultures have left on it. While the music’s popularity is strictly regional, it is full of vitality, supporting an array of male and female song stars whose audiences eagerly await performances and recordings.The distinct sound of Gulf music echoes the internal and external historic influences on the region, interwoven with the highly syncopated rhythms and the stark unaccompanied songs of the Bedouin. Pilgrims brought foreign music influences to Mecca and Medina and left their mark on the musical ensembles of the Arabian cities in rhythms and maqāmāt. The trading and pearling towns on the coasts and in the Peninsula’s interior also saw foreigners come and go, who left their music and songs behind. As a result, a rich and varied yet distinctly Arabian/Khalījī sound developed, echoing the voices and instrumental music of East Africa and the Indian subcontinent.

scholarly journals Alat Musik Tradisional Di Masa Modern (Sape’ Dayak Kayaan Dalam Kajian Nilai Budaya)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Cornelius Kiki Hartanto ◽  
Diaz Restu Darmawan ◽  
Cristo Rodento Manalu ◽  
Ackenesiana Lenny
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Modern Music ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Personal Use

The unity of harmony which forms the strains leads people to consider music as a means to lead, enliven entertainment as well as certain ritual ceremonies. Music that is increasingly developing turns into a tool that regulates relations between human relationships, life and its environment. In Indonesia, music is categorized into two types, namely traditional music (archipelago music) and modern music. These to types of music have different types of genre. However, nowadays, they have been packed a lot in combined ways. Traditional music consists of rhythm adaptation and tools that develop in a particular culture, so that, in this case, the presence of traditional music is lifted from everyday life which forms a certain characteristic for a culture. One of them is traditional musical instrument. An ethnic group named Dayak Kayaan who is located in Datah Dian village, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan, also has a traditional musical instrument.  The instrument is known as Sape'.  The method used in this study was qualitative research method with ethnographic approach. This approach was used to see how the people of Dayak Kayaan in Datah Dian village played and produced Sape’. In line with the development of modern music, Sape' music also flows with developments, its various functions divide the types of Sape'. These include the Kayaan Traditional Sape' music which functions as ritual and traditional ceremonies and Modern Sape' music which is played only for personal use.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF METHODS FOR MANAGING STAKEHOLDERS REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SOFTWARE

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
A. A. Sergunin ◽  
L. Yu. Kiprina
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Software Requirements ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
It Projects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of various factors affecting the choice of methods for working with software requirements. These factors include the type of project and the type of stakeholders. To search for the relationship between different types of stakeholders, forms of interaction with them and methods of working with requirements, a description of real IT projects was analysed, including a list of tasks that were performed as part of the analytical work, including methods of working with requirements. Based on the results of the study, recommendations are formulated for choosing methods for working with requirements based on the type of stakeholders, which can improve the efficiency of the software development process.

scholarly journals Er islamismen populistisk, eller er populismen i Mellemøsten blevet islamistisk?

Politik ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Bæk Simonson
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Crucial Part

The article discusses and compares different types of populism that have characterized certain political developments in the Middle East since the beginning of the 20th Century. It is concluded that non-militant Islamism has played a crucial part in this development and secured widespread public support.  This has been the case in Iran where the circle around Khomeini specifically articulated the struggle against the Shah in relation to Shiitic Islamism.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-158
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Herrold
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Democracy Promotion ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
National Values ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Arab Spring

The concluding chapter ties together lessons learned and offers a set of policy recommendations aimed at making US democracy aid more relevant, sustainable, and effective. After summarizing the book’s argument, the chapter maintains that Egyptian NGOs’ perseverance in democracy promotion suggests that organizations operating in autocratic states can create incremental progress toward democracy in ways that existing theories overlook. It proposes that democracy aid could be reformed by de-compartmentalizing grantmaking, funding different types of grantees, reforming application and evaluation procedures, and driving national values instead of institutions. While the Arab Spring did not lead directly to democracy, the uprisings across the Middle East and North Africa gave citizens the space to demand freedom, dignity, and social justice. As this book has shown, local groups are still struggling for those rights as they work to build democracy from the ground up.

Welfare States in the Middle East

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Eibl
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Welfare Provision ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Welfare Generosity

The chapter analyzes the origins and development of welfare provision in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It provides a three-pronged typology of existing welfare regimes in the region along the dimensions of welfare generosity and accessibility. This is followed by a historical institutionalist account of the emergence of Middle Eastern welfare states, which emphasizes the importance of different types of coalitions formed at the critical juncture of regime formation. The chapter then hones in on three major areas of social policy (education, health, and social security) and outlines their development over time. The final section analyzes the effect of war-making on welfare provision in MENA and introduces the concept of “cheap social policies,” using Egypt as an example. The conclusion summarizes the main points and adumbrates future research agendas.

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