Broken Beauty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Straus
Keyword(s):  
Music Theory ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Mobility Impairment ◽  
Attitudes Toward Disability ◽  
The Core ◽  
Musical Representations ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
Musical Modernism ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Cultural Constructions

Modernist music is centrally concerned with the representation and narration of disability. The most characteristic features of musical modernism—fractured forms, immobilized harmonies, conflicting textural layers, radical simplification of means in some cases, and radical complexity and hermeticism in others—can be understood as musical representations of disability conditions, including deformity/disfigurement, mobility impairment, madness, idiocy, and autism. Modernist musical representation and narration of disability both reflect and shape (construct) disability in a eugenic age, a period when disability was viewed simultaneously with pity (and a corresponding urge toward cure or rehabilitation) and fear (and a corresponding urge to incarcerate or eliminate). Disability is right at the core of musical modernism; it is one of the things that musical modernism is fundamentally about. This book draws on two decades of work in disability studies and a growing body of recent work that brings the discussion of disability into musicology and music theory. This interdisciplinary enterprise offers a sociopolitical analysis of disability, focusing on social and cultural constructions of the meaning of disability, and shifting attention from biology and medicine to culture. Within modernist music, disability representations often embody pernicious stereotypes and encourage sentimentalizing, exoticizing, or more directly negative responses. Modernist music claims disability as a valuable resource, but does so in a tense, dialectical relationship with medicalized, eugenic-era attitudes toward disability.

Representing Disability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph N. Straus
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Impairment ◽  
Attitudes Toward Disability ◽  
Musical Representations ◽  
Musical Modernism ◽  
Characteristic Features

In modernist music, disability functions as an artistic resource: a source of images and an impetus for narrative. Disability enables musical modernism. Modernist music is centrally concerned with the representation of disabled bodies. Its most characteristic features—fractured forms, immobilized harmonies, conflicting textural layers, radical simplification of means in some cases, and radical complexity and hermeticism in others—can be understood as musical representations of disability conditions, including deformity/disfigurement, mobility impairment, madness, idiocy, and autism. Although modernist music embodies negative, eugenic-era attitudes toward disability, it also affirmatively claims disability as a resource, thus manifesting its disability aesthetics.

Idiocy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph N. Straus
Keyword(s):  
Modernist Literature ◽  
Holy Fool ◽  
Musical Representations ◽  
Natural Man ◽  
Musical Modernism ◽  
The Village ◽  
Music Representations ◽  
Deep Interest

Idiocy, once understood as a mark of divine disfavor, is later medicalized under a variety of seemingly scientific classifications, culminating in a eugenic-era fear of the “menace of the feebleminded” and the widespread institutionalization to which it gave rise. In literature and in music, representations of idiocy have generally fallen into a small number of types: the Holy Fool and the Sentimental Idiot; the Wild Child and the Natural Man; the Village Idiot (often played for laughs); and the Eugenic Idiot (simultaneously pitiable and a feared source of violence, possibly sexual in nature). Modernist music represents idiocy in its tendency toward simplification in all domains; its static, nondevelopmental character; its deliberate cultivation of disfluency and inarticulateness; its interest in generic incongruity; its pleasure in low humor; and above all its deep interest in the childlike, the folk, and the primitive (including the racial primitive). As in modernist literature, musical representations of idiocy enable the sorts of compositional innovations that are widely understood as defining musical modernism.

scholarly journals Myosin MyTH4-FERM structures highlight important principles of convergent evolution

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (21) ◽  
pp. E2906-E2915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente José Planelles-Herrero ◽  
Florian Blanc ◽  
Serena Sirigu ◽  
Helena Sirkia ◽  
Jeffrey Clause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Tail Domain ◽  
The Core ◽  
Binding Partners ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Membrane Protrusions ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Multifunctional Platform

Myosins containing MyTH4-FERM (myosin tail homology 4-band 4.1, ezrin, radixin, moesin, or MF) domains in their tails are found in a wide range of phylogenetically divergent organisms, such as humans and the social amoeba Dictyostelium (Dd). Interestingly, evolutionarily distant MF myosins have similar roles in the extension of actin-filled membrane protrusions such as filopodia and bind to microtubules (MT), suggesting that the core functions of these MF myosins have been highly conserved over evolution. The structures of two DdMyo7 signature MF domains have been determined and comparison with mammalian MF structures reveals that characteristic features of MF domains are conserved. However, across millions of years of evolution conserved class-specific insertions are seen to alter the surfaces and the orientation of subdomains with respect to each other, likely resulting in new sites for binding partners. The MyTH4 domains of Myo10 and DdMyo7 bind to MT with micromolar affinity but, surprisingly, their MT binding sites are on opposite surfaces of the MyTH4 domain. The structural analysis in combination with comparison of diverse MF myosin sequences provides evidence that myosin tail domain features can be maintained without strict conservation of motifs. The results illustrate how tuning of existing features can give rise to new structures while preserving the general properties necessary for myosin tails. Thus, tinkering with the MF domain enables it to serve as a multifunctional platform for cooperative recruitment of various partners, allowing common properties such as autoinhibition of the motor and microtubule binding to arise through convergent evolution.

Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Rhoda Olkin
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Attitudes Toward Disability ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Explicit Bias ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter is a review of the relevant literature on effecting changes in attitudes and behaviors toward people with disabilities. It begins with a discussion of the goals of the book and the activities in the book. There is discussion of the relationship between attitudes and behaviors, and whether a change in one is followed by a change in the other. The core research about the bases of attitudes toward disability and attitude change is reviewed. The move in the past few decades from attention to implicit bias to focus on explicit bias is highlighted. The rationale for not using simulation exercises is provided, as well as the social underpinnings of the activities.

scholarly journals Relating Musical Structure and Content to Aesthetic Response: A Model and Analysis of Beethoven's Piano Sonata Op. 110

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Ockelford
Keyword(s):  
Music Theory ◽  
Musical Structure ◽  
Aesthetic Response ◽  
Piano Sonata ◽  
Music Psychology ◽  
The Core ◽  
Physical Context ◽  
Musical Event ◽  
New Framework

AbstractA model is presented which aims to show how, for listeners familiar with a given style, aesthetic response to music may be related to its ‘structure’ (as defined in relation to ‘zygonic’ theory) and ‘content’ (the particular perceived qualities of sound that pertain to a given musical event). The model combines recent empirical findings from music psychology with other approaches adapted from music theory and philosophy. Intramusical considerations, which form the core of the model, are positioned within a broader socio-cultural, cognitive and physical context. The new framework is used to inform an analysis of Beethoven's Piano Sonata op.110, which examines in particular the notions of teleology in music and narrative metaphor.

scholarly journals Re-veiling the Revealed: Insights into the Psychology of “Enlightenment” from the Kabbalah

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
The Core ◽  
Outer World ◽  
Cultural Constructions

I explore psychological aspects of a mystically-awakened state as depicted in the Kabbalah. This awakened state is portrayed using imagery of light and is associated with wisdom. The path towards the state entails intense hermeneutic work, and the core characteristic of the awakened person is the ability to see into that which is concealed—be it in scriptural texts, fellow humans, or the outer world. The primary distinction between this kabbalistic state and awakened states as portrayed in recent psychological and perennialist conceptions is the importance of cognitive and intellectual components in the former. I argue that cultural constructions of spiritual goals are impoverished when such intellectual aspects are omitted, and that these aspects can be viewed in meaningful psychological terms.

Empirical Methodologies and the Value of Subjectivity in the Analysis of the Experience of Contemporary Experiential Art

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sadia Sadia
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Cultural Constructions

Current neuroscientific methods for the investigation of art experience are circumscribed by the researcher’s own cultural constructions of gender, art and beauty, and these present difficulties in the production of unassailable empirical data. Gathering biometric data of viewers or participants’ responses to artworks remains equally problematic as a consequence of the anticipation or arousal brought about by the act of preparing the subject for the collection of data. Much of the methodology that has been designed to study aesthetic psychological and affective states is based in classicism, a convention which contemporary experiential art defies. There is a group of contemporary experiential artworks, defined herein as ATRIA (Affective Transcendental Revelatory Immersive Artworks), which report a significantly higher rate for profound, life-changing, epiphanic, transcendent experiences, and the study of the experience of these artworks defies current methodologies. An understanding of these works and states requires a re-evaluation of the value of subjective reportage and the personal truths that are central to these experiences of art. Research artists understand that objective reality does not lie at the core of the experience of art, and that practice-based artist-led research (PBR) must as a consequence critically inform any neuroaesthetic or neuroscientific endeavour or study. The article is an opinion paper by a practising artist, academic and researcher.

Intrapreneurship in Business Innovation

2018 ◽  
pp. 153-174
Author(s):  
Irene Martín ◽  
Mercedes Ramos ◽  
Luis Alberto Rivas Herrero
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Business Innovation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

Corporate entrepreneurship or intrapreneurship is increasingly seen as a way of generating competitive advantages in companies and institutions. The current climate calls for organisations to innovate their management strategies to bring them in line with these new requirements. One such alternative is to capitalise on the commitment, capacity, ingenuity and creativity of their human talent. Companies need to be more streamlined. They need entrepreneurial employees, capable of working internally as if they were a start-up. That intellectual capital (IC) generated by the corporate entrepreneurs is the most valuable resource and most important dynamic capability that knowledge-intensive institutions (learning organizations) have in order to achieve future competitive positioning. The legal protection of IC is deemed essential to protect the base of the core competences. This article describes and justifies the need to foster and develop corporate entrepreneurship and the internal conditions required to do so.

scholarly journals Tone and Voice: A Derivation of the Rules of Voice-Leading from Perceptual Principles

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Huron
Keyword(s):  
Music Theory ◽  
Contemporary Music ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Western Music ◽  
Voice Leading ◽  
The Core ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Aesthetic

The traditional rules of voice-leading in Western music are explicated using experimentally established perceptual principles. Six core principles are shown to account for the majority of voice-leading rules given in historical and contemporary music theory tracts. These principles are treated in a manner akin to axioms in a formal system from which the traditional rules of voice-leading are derived. Nontraditional rules arising from the derivation are shown to predict formerly unnoticed aspects of voice-leading practice. In addition to the core perceptual principles, several auxiliary principles are described. These auxiliary principles are occasionally linked to voice-leading practice and may be regarded as compositional "options" that shape the music-making in perceptually unique ways. It is suggested that these auxiliary principles distinguish different types of part writing, such as polyphony, homophony, and close harmony. A theory is proposed to account for the aesthetic origin of voice-leading practices.

scholarly journals The Art of Living with NZT and ICT: Dialectics of an Artistic Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-356
Author(s):  
Hub Zwart
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Art Of Living ◽  
Primal Scene ◽  
The Core ◽  
Dialectical Relationship

Abstract I wholeheartedly sympathize conceptually with Coeckelbergh’s paper. The dialectical relationship between vulnerability and technology constitutes the core of Hegel’s Master and Slave (the primal scene of contemporary philosophy). Yet, the empirical dimension is underdeveloped and Coeckelbergh’s ideas could profit from exposure to case studies. Building on a movie/novel (Limitless) devoted to vulnerability coping and living with ICT, I challenge the claim that modern heroism entails overcoming vulnerability with the help of enhancement and computers.

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