Memory Reconsolidation as a Common Change Process

2020 ◽  
pp. 328-360
Author(s):  
Rhonda Goldman ◽  
Alyssa Fredrick-Keniston
Keyword(s):  
Change Process ◽  
Memory Model ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Change Mechanisms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Constituent Elements

Memory reconsolidation is considered as a common change process that exists across the major individual therapeutic modalities that are aimed at promoting and sustaining long- term, enduring change. The integrative memory model is reviewed in terms of how it may provide the field of psychotherapy integration with a description of a process that all individual therapies seek to achieve. First, the change mechanisms underlying each of the major therapeutic approaches including behavioral, cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic and emotion-focused therapies are examined to determine the degree to which they describe a memory reconsolidation process. Next, some of the newer, modern integrative therapeutic approaches are reviewed to consider whether they too are promoting a memory reconsolidation process, although not necessarily naming it as such. The memory reconsolidation model and its constituent elements are then examined in depth to determine the degree to which the various therapy models promote and encourage relative aspects of the memory reconsolidation process. Finally, a potentially clarifying definition of terms is proposed and future research is suggested that would help the field determine the degree to which memory reconsolidation is a common change process and if so, how it can best be promoted.

Varicose veins: A critical review of the definition and the therapeutical options

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanneret ◽  
Karatolios
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Vein Disease ◽  
Therapeutical Options ◽  
Long Term Studies

This review intends to give an overview of the present therapeutic options for varicose vein disease. The definition of varicose vein disease and its recurrence are made and discussed with new aspects including duplexsonography assessment. All therapeutic approaches have developed and refined their treatment modalities, the open surgical as well as the endovenous techniques. In particular the “new” endovenous techniques are described with regard to safety and outcome, the published literature in this respect is summarized. The studies comparing the different techniques are listed, the prospective long term studies comparing the new techniques with the so called gold standard (open surgery) shall decide on the fate of the different techniques.

Towards new therapeutic approaches for malignant melanoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Pacheco ◽  
Cristina Buzea ◽  
Victor Tron
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Mirna Genes ◽  
Molecular Therapeutics ◽  
Multistep Process

Recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the initiation and progression of melanoma has created new opportunities for developing novel therapeutic modalities to manage this potentially lethal disease. Although at first glance, melanoma carcinogenesis appears to be a chaotic system, it is indeed, arguably, a deterministic multistep process involving sequential alterations of proto-oncogenes, tumour suppressors and miRNA genes. The scope of this article is to discuss the most recent and significant advances in melanoma molecular therapeutics. It is apparent that using single agents targeting solely individual melanoma pathways might be insufficient for long-term survival. However, the outstanding results on melanoma survival observed with novel selective inhibitors of B-RAF, such as PLX4032 give hope that melanoma can be cured. The fact that melanoma develops acquired resistance to PLX4032 emphasises the importance of simultaneously targeting several pathways. Because the most striking feature of melanoma is its unsurpassed ability to metastasise, it is important to implement newer systems for drug delivery adapted from research on stem cells and nanotechnology.

Structure Follows Strategy at Bharat Petroleum

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Machado ◽  
Kurian Parambi ◽  
Pallavi Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Change Process ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Organizational Restructuring ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

This case reveals the story of organizational restructuring at Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL). The story begins in the 1990s when India’s petroleum industry was closed to private enterprise. BPCL’s chairman at that time (Sundararajan) anticipates that India’s government would deregulate the industry. He is concerned that without fundamental changes, BPCL might not survive private competition—and so, he initiates a transformation of the organization’s strategy and structure. The restructuring attempts to dismantle a command-and-control culture, and replace it by one of empowered teams. The change process is undertaken in the spirit of co-creation. The definition of ‘customer’ is altered, causing organizational boundaries to be redrawn. Such an exercise is extraordinary for its time. The case then presents a picture of BPCL and its challenges in 2015. History seems to repeat itself, as market conditions are nearly identical to those that existed 17 years ago. What should the company do in 2015? This case has a three-fold purpose; viz. (i) to show how the structure of an organization can be aligned with its business strategy; (ii) to illustrate how organizations with a functional structure can reorganize to an ‘M-form’ or SBU structure; and (iii) to help readers consider the latent, long-term effects of restructuring.

Rorschach Usefulness in Treatment Planning

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Concepcion Sendín
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Clinical Vignettes ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Motivation Level ◽  
Definition Of

To achieve a therapeutic design, we should examine three main information sources: clinical history, Rorschach test, and the subject’s communication style during the diagnostic interviews. We should study people from the perspective of their individuality and always consider groups of data, not isolated elements. Professionals should do this task by examining five basic areas: explicit symptoms, strong and weak points, motivation level, definition of short-term and long-term objectives, and available therapeutic approaches. Clinical vignettes from two different Rorschach protocols, Case 1, a 25-year-old man, and Case 2, a 30-year-old woman, are included in this article.

Sopravvivere al cancro: una rassegna sulla Qualitŕ di Vita nella cancer survivorship

2009 ◽  
pp. 55-71
Author(s):  
Maria Antonietta Anunziata ◽  
Barbara Muzzatti ◽  
Katia Bianchet ◽  
Massimiliano Berretta ◽  
Emanuela Chimienti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivorship ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Point Model ◽  
Medical Progress ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Implications

- Thanks to substantial medical progress, today the number of cancer survivors constantly increases. Thus, ever more frequently, patients and healthy professionals must treat a new condition: the cancer survivorship. This condition is peculiar for both its somatic (e.g. the late and long term effects of the treatments) and psychosocial (e.g. psychological distress, fear for a relapse, perceived social support) implications. The present paper is a review of the recent international literature about cancer survivorship; a condition still less known in Italy. First the definition of cancer survivorship is discussed and then cancer survivorship is addressed through a four point model of the concept of Quality of Life. In the last section, the authors will examine the expectation for future research, as well as the possible limitations, together with the practical implications of this topic.

scholarly journals Long-Term Environmental Policy: Definition, Knowledge, Future Research

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef F. Sprinz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Time Inconsistency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Global Environmental Politics ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Decentralized Governance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Policy Problems

Considering the long-term is not new, yet we seem to be overwhelmed by the long-term nature of many of our environmental policy problems. Following a definition of long-term policy problems, this editorial introduces the contributions to this special issue of Global Environmental Politics and outlines three major challenges for future research, including the time inconsistency problem, the effect of democratic and decentralized governance on problem-solving, as well as institutional designs to prevent or recover from unwanted long-term policy outcomes.

scholarly journals Glioma-on-a-Chip Models

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Merve Ustun ◽  
Sajjad Rahmani Dabbagh ◽  
Irem Sultan Ilci ◽  
Tugba Bagci-Onder ◽  
Savas Tasoglu
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
On Chip

Glioma, as an aggressive type of cancer, accounts for virtually 80% of malignant brain tumors. Despite advances in therapeutic approaches, the long-term survival of glioma patients is poor (it is usually fatal within 12–14 months). Glioma-on-chip platforms, with continuous perfusion, mimic in vivo metabolic functions of cancer cells for analytical purposes. This offers an unprecedented opportunity for understanding the underlying reasons that arise glioma, determining the most effective radiotherapy approach, testing different drug combinations, and screening conceivable side effects of drugs on other organs. Glioma-on-chip technologies can ultimately enhance the efficacy of treatments, promote the survival rate of patients, and pave a path for personalized medicine. In this perspective paper, we briefly review the latest developments of glioma-on-chip technologies, such as therapy applications, drug screening, and cell behavior studies, and discuss the current challenges as well as future research directions in this field.

scholarly journals Brand addiction: conceptualization and scale development

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 1938-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Mrad ◽  
Charles Chi Cui
Keyword(s):  
Survey Study ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Brand Relationship ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Uk

Purpose This paper aims to develop a definition of brand addiction and a valid brand addiction scale (BASCALE). Design/methodology/approach The authors used focus-group results to define brand addiction and generate items for the BASCALE and validated the BASCALE with survey data collected in the UK. Findings Based on the 11 brand-addiction features found from the focus groups, the authors define brand addition as an individual consumer’s psychological state that pertains to a self-brand relationship manifested in daily life and involving positive affectivity and gratification with a particular brand and constant urges for possessing the brand’s products/services. Based on the survey study, the authors have established a valid ten-item BASCALE. Research limitations/implications Due to the survey’s setting in the fashion context in the UK, the authors do not intend to generalize the results to other product types and countries. Future research should replicate the BASCALE in different product categories and different countries. Practical implications The BASCALE can serve marketers in the behavioral segmentation and assist brand managers to identify brand addict consumers and maintain long-term relationships with them. Originality/value The authors have developed a definition of brand addiction and a valid BASCALE, which one can use for a wide range of theoretical and empirical research in the marketing and psychology fields. The definition and BASCALE also serve to differentiate brand addiction from other consumer–brand relationships and addiction constructs (e.g. compulsive buying, brand love and brand trust).

Selectivity of Treatment Modalities

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Chess
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Child Patient ◽  
Definition Of

Consensus as to diagnostic definitions and criteria in Child Psychiatry is recent. Traditional “treatment” has been direct psychotherapy of child patient and mother. Despite growing precision of enologic concepts and expansion of therapeutic approaches, many centres continue to define therapy in terms of their available techniques rather than the actual needs of the child. A brief review and definition of the major clinical syndromes is given. A glossary of therapeutic modalities and their description is provided. Selection of treatment interventions is discussed in terms of diagnosis, severity, strengths of child patient, and the environmental modifications possible. Case illustrations are given. Periodic reassessment is essential to reselect therapeutic goals and determine choice as well as simultaneity versus sequentiality of therapeutic interventions.

Advances in the therapeutic approach of pudendal neuralgia: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Murer ◽  
Guillaume Polidori ◽  
Fabien Beaumont ◽  
Fabien Bogard ◽  
Élisa Polidori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pudendal Neuralgia ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Context Although pudendal neuralgia (PN) has received growing interest over the last few years, diagnosis remains difficult, and many different therapeutic approaches can be considered. Objectives This article aims to provide an overview of the possible treatments of PN and investigate their efficacies. Methods Utilizing PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, a systematic review was carried out and allowed identification of studies involving patients with PN, as defined by Nantes criteria, and their associated treatments. Relevant data were manually reported. Results Twenty-eight articles were selected, totaling 1,013 patients (mean age, 49 years) and six different types of interventions. Clinical outcomes, most frequently quantified utilizing the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), vary greatly with both the therapy and time after intervention (from 100 to <10%). However, neither peri nor postoperative serious complications (grade > II of Clavien–Dindo classification) are reported. Although surgery seems to provide a higher proportion of long-term benefits, identifying the most efficient therapeutic approach is made impossible by the multitude of outcome measurements and follow-up frequencies. It should also be noted that literature is sparse regarding randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up. Conclusions Although there are a number of modalities utilized for the treatment of PN, there are no current recommendations based on treatment efficacies. This seems to be largely in part caused by the lack of standardization in outcome quantification. Future research in this field should focus on prospective cohort studies with high levels of evidence, aimed at assessing the long-term, if not permanent, benefits of available therapies.

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