Finale

2021 ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
Betsy Klimasmith
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Young Male ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
Urban Literature ◽  
Genre Fiction ◽  
George Lippard ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Penny Press ◽  
Political Allegory ◽  
Edgar Allen Poe

In “The Future City and The Female Marine,” I set Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiography against The Female Marine, a pamphlet narrative written in three overlapping installments and published in nineteen different editions between 1815 and 1818 by Boston publisher Nathaniel Coverly. I contrast the Autobiography’s version of US urban space as a replicable franchise city to the transgressive city constructed in The Female Marine. The Female Marine’s protagonist, Lucy Brewer, seduced, abandoned, and working as a prostitute in Boston, disguises herself as a young male sailor to serve on the USS Constitution during the War of 1812. Easily read as political allegory for Boston’s shifting wartime loyalties, The Female Marine also marks a critical transition in US urban literature. Coverly rewrites the seduction tale to allow for female urban success, foreshadowing the racy female libertines of the 1840s sporting press. Virtually untouched by literary critics, The Female Marine is a remarkably rich text. Coverly quotes from and revises Charlotte, offers us a newly graphic version of the city’s geography that evokes the phantasmic cities of Edgar Allen Poe and George Lippard, previews the rise of urban serials in the penny press, and delivers a more triumphant outcome than the equivocal endings of Kelroy or Ormond. As it picks up on earlier urban forms, The Female Marine operates as a fantastic, subversive, and funny precursor to the urban genre fiction that would become immensely popular in the second half of the century.

Introduction

Foundations ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sam Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Housing Estate ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Similar Index ◽  
History Of ◽  
Private Housing

The introductory chapter discusses the history of twentieth-century Britain told through the transformation of its built environment. It narrates a story about the rise of a developmental social infrastructure, and its privatization, demolition, and rearticulation under a new neoliberal consensus. The chapter reveals the types of subjects and visions of society that emerged alongside these transformations as well as the new relationships between Britain and the wider world that they entailed. It does so by charting the emergence and spread of six different types of urban space: the industrial estate, the shopping precinct, the council estate, the private housing estate, the shopping mall and the business park. Although the chapter opens in the skies above London, it draws up a similar index of almost every British town or city at the millennium using the six urban forms whose histories the book charts. Ultimately, the chapter outlines the fascinating histories of each of these spaces — hopefully showing the historical fragility and downright weirdness of places that have come to feel mundane and familiar to so many of us.

scholarly journals ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE URBANIZATION OF THE NATIONAL THEATRE IN LONDON THROUGH CHANGE OF USE AND FUNCTIONS OF ARCHITECTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Danijela Rogina ◽  
◽  
Radivoje Dinulović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
National Theatre ◽  
Sustainable Urbanization ◽  
Key Aspects

The human population is currently on the rise and most Europeans live in urban areas, leading to increased urbanization. The change comes with its challenges, as cities, architecture, and urban spaces need to become more fluid, multi-functional, and innovative. This paper examines whether a change of use of public spaces, and functions of architectural and urban forms, can be used as an element in the implementation of sustainable urbanization. The theoretical framework of this paper focuses on literature findings relating to identified key aspects such as innovative approaches in changes of use — recycling and upcycling, green infrastructure and financial aspects, concepts of “right of the place”, and public participation. These aspects are addressed on both theoretical and practical levels, with the National Theatre in London as a case study. Findings convey that the change of use of spaces can be utilized to achieve sustainable urbanization, together with the management of functions and uses of architectural and urban forms. However, further research is needed with various stakeholders to identify a solid and inherent database, as a foundation on which the most optimal urban spaces would emerge, by identifying new functions and uses of urban space and architecture.

Unequal urban rights: Critical reflections on property and urban citizenship

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (14) ◽  
pp. 2977-2992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditte Brøgger
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Global South ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Exclusionary Practices ◽  
Urban Citizenship ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Historical Practices

In the fast-growing cities of the Global South, urban forms of citizenship and urban rights are unequally defined and locally negotiated. The aim of this paper is to add the themes of property, landownership and housing as perspectives in the understanding of urban citizenship and to demonstrate how the urban is an arena for the negotiation of rights. This is done by examining urban citizenship and the graduated system of locally negotiated rights, including the right to property, the right to belong to an urban community and the right to urban resources. The research is located geographically in Nepal, where a typology of different classes of citizenship is developed in order to explain how classes of urban citizenship have different rights in the urban. Central to this is an analysis of unequal rights and unequal access to essential urban resources and services. The paper finds that the definition of (new) classes of urban citizenship in Nepal is critically embedded in historical practices and social structures. This demonstrates the relevance of further research into exclusionary practices in urban areas in the rapidly urbanising Global South and adds to the discussion of different types of urban citizenship and unequal rights to the urban space.

Ralph Ellison, Chester Himes, and the Persistence of Urban Forms

PMLA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-545
Author(s):  
Sarah Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Ralph Ellison ◽  
Social Realism ◽  
Literary Fiction ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Genre Fiction ◽  
Chester Himes ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Psychological Realism ◽  
The Social

This essay investigates the treatment of what I call infrastructural racism in fiction by Ralph Ellison and Chester Himes. Ellison's Invisible Man (1952) and Himes's Harlem Cycle novels (1957–69) chronicle vanishing urban objects and changing infrastructure to show that even as Harlem modernizes, the racist structures that undergird society do not. Ellison and Himes use ephemeral objects like signs, newspapers, and blueprints to encapsulate Harlem's transience and to suggest to readers that the neighborhood itself is a dynamic archive, continually changing yet resistant to overarching narratives of cultural loss or social progress. Himes and Ellison write about permanence and loss in mid-century Harlem in terms that disrupt the social realism associated with the novel of detection and the psychological realism associated with the novel of consciousness. Such a reading prompts a reconsideration of the critical categories–genre fiction and literary fiction–that have, until now, kept these two writers apart.

Conclusion

Foundations ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Sam Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Industrial Estates ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This chapter argues that in the late-twentieth century, Britain became a postdevelopmental state — a neoliberal political formation characterized by a constant, unresolved negotiation between old and new that played out across its built environment. It assesses the tensions felt, particularly in the last third of the twentieth century, when Britain's developmental state was in retreat. The chapter also outlines how the urban forms were reimagined and remade from the 1970s and how industrial estates became suburban business parks, central shopping precincts became private shopping malls, and council estates were privatized, hollowed out, and in some cases transformed into securitized compounds like Enterprise Lane. Ultimately, it elaborates a variety of new types of urban space that were seized on by industrialists, urban planners, politicians, and technocrats to form the foundations of a new economy and a new society in the mid-twentieth century.

scholarly journals Conscious approach to urban and extra-urban space restructuring as seen in the designs of Architecture students

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 04016
Author(s):  
Joanna Gil-Mastalerczyk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Architectural Education ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Future Work

In education of architects and urban planners, it is important to rely on interdisciplinary approach to many factors involved in the process. Especially in the built environment context, the awareness of the interaction of different components is of key importance. In their future work, architecture students need to have responsible and socially-oriented standpoint. It will be demonstrated in the creation of architectural objects in the natural landscape surroundings, and in the attitude to different type of architectural and urban spaces. Safety, the use of natural resources, the relations between architecture and the surrounds, the evaluation of the environmental components and their impact on the creative process are extremely important. The paper discusses examples of space solutions in the urban areas and those located outside cities. Those solutions involve daring architectural and urban forms that make use of the natural environment assets, and also quality architectural work and design. The presence of such objects is a response to the demand from the society, consequently it seems reasonable to explore the issues related to architectural education.

scholarly journals The Effect of Cognitive Semiotics on The Interpretation of Urban Space Configuration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Aziz Amen ◽  
◽  
Hourakhsh Ahmad NIA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Know How ◽  
And Shifts

Urban space is composed of various dimensions and contexts that generate urban forms. The spatial distributions of urban elements have different layers of connotative indications associated with Society's shared knowledge. The implying semiotics affect space configuration that could lead either to generate a compact or sprawl urban fabric. However, it is essential to know how the semiotic elements affect space configuration. The research aims to locate semiotic elements that have a role in space configuration. The research methodology depends on finding the semiotic values through a practical survey combined with a GIS tool to locate the correlations between the most valuable signs using the chi-square method. Also, to build a model for assessing the cognitive semiotic elements. The model gives a clue to explain how the spatial configuration is affected by the existence of semiotic values and shifts its values accordingly.

scholarly journals Sustainability Approaches to Urban Planning: Re-Cycling Urbanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (08) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Jernej Červek
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Urban Intervention ◽  
Sustainability Principles ◽  
Planning Approaches

While the growth of global urban centres is primarily attributable to population growth, Slovenian towns are stagnating due to suburbanization. The urban centres have failed to timely adapt to new forms of living, climate change and excessive energy consumption; in consequence they are becoming cramped, unhealthy and wasteful. This has led to criticisms of existing development paradigms and operative lack of responsiveness on the part of sustainable policies. Based on relevant literature on sustainability – urban policies, concepts, and urban forms –, the paper shows that town planning approaches in Slovenia still primarily deal with solving problems of necessary investments, leaving comprehensive urban solutions based on long-term visions on hold. Meanwhile, the global contemporary town planning approaches based on sustainability principles tend towards interventions into existing urban space. One such approach is urban recycling; a form of urban intervention aimed at adaption of the urban environments to contemporary needs on the basis of comprehensive approach which includes collecting and analysing data on the existing situation and integrates observations with practice.

scholarly journals The essence of Urban form and its Relationship with Urban Aesthetics: A case from Rajshahi City, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fedous Farhana Huq ◽  
◽  
Imzamam Ul Khan Shuvo ◽  
Nidalia Islam ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Intrinsic Nature ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Look ◽  
Urban Aesthetics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rajshahi City

The identity of a city is visibly recognized by observing its urban form. The development plans of the cities of Bangladesh address land use planning and ignore the aptness of urban form. As a result, the cities of Bangladesh are growing haphazardly and turning into an urban jungle rather than aesthetically pleasing habitable urban space. This study explores the intrinsic nature of the urban form of the major cities of Bangladesh as well as compares the urban form of major cities of Bangladesh with selected cities from around the world. This study conducts Physical Observation on building frontage, elevation, plinth level, footpath, doors and window pattern by employing transect method to acknowledge the character of the urban forms of the selected study area of Rajshahi city of Bangladesh. The findings of the study answer why the urban forms of the cities of Bangladesh look similar irrespective of cultural and geographical context. The findings shed lights on the weaknesses of current building codes regarding the compatibility of the design of the building elements as well as the relationship between building and street which leads to the degrade the urban aesthetics. Based on the findings some strategic and design solutions are provided with a view to improving the look of the city form.

scholarly journals Urban Space, Singularity and Networks in Laura Del-Rivo’s The Furnished Room (1961)

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-48
Author(s):  
Nicolas Tredell
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
The Novel ◽  
City Life ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Church ◽  
Space Singularity

AbstractThis essay explores the representation of interior and exterior urban space in Laura Del-Rivo’s novel The Furnished Room (1961) through the lenses of singularity and networking, which are proposed as preferable alternatives to notions such as individuality and community, especially in the analysis of city life and literature. The essay examines portrayals of four kinds of urban space in the novel – the furnished room, the office, the café and the street – which seem to offer escapes from the perceived constrictions of the family home, the suburb and the Church. It analyses the novel’s sensory evocations of such urban spaces, especially through smell and sight. The essay also considers how the narrative conveys the enticements of the abstract and impersonal network of money. It relates these elements to its young male protagonist, an existentialist (anti-)hero who suffers from a recurrent sense of unreality and who seeks a more sustained version of the greater intensity glimpsed in epiphanies, privileged moments in which the world seems temporarily transfigured into a visionary space. The essay suggests that the novel respects but questions his quest by dramatizing his wrong choices and by ending with a view of urban space given over to women and children.

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