Adaptive Institutions and Networked Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-76
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Pugh
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Democratic Government ◽  
Dense Networks ◽  
Networked Governance ◽  
Governance Networks ◽  
Political Incentive

Chapter 3 lays out the main argument of the book, that in the context of the invisibility bargain, a democratic government has a political incentive to prioritize the interests of citizens over migrants (even when formal institutions promise protections), and thus may be an inadequate guarantor of security in migrant-receiving areas. The resulting gaps in formal state protections can increase migrant vulnerability and escalate conflict between migrants and citizens. Governance networks that connect international organizations, nonstate actors and the state can emerge to fill these gaps, adapting innovative forms of governance that complement, substitute, or compete with state authority and security provision. More diverse and dense networks provide a greater number of potential access points through which migrants might gain the resources and protections they need to thrive in the host community. The chapter provides a theoretical framework for understanding how governance networks contribute to host-migrant human security.

A Peripatetic Argument for the Intrinsic Goodness of Human Life: Alexander of Aphrodisias' Ethical Problems I

Apeiron ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Echeñique
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Intrinsic Goodness ◽  
Alexander Of Aphrodisias

AbstractIn this article I argue for the thesis that Alexander's main argument, in Ethical Problems I, is an attempt to block the implication drawn by the Stoics and other ancient philosophers from the double potential of use exhibited by human life, a life that can be either well or badly lived. Alexander wants to resist the thought that this double potential of use allows the Stoics to infer that human life, in itself, or by its own nature, is neither good nor bad (what I call the Indifference Implication). Furthermore, I shall argue that Alexander's main argument establishes that human life, despite exhibiting a double potential of use, is by its own nature or intrinsically good. Finally, given that this is not a conclusion that the Stoics are likely to accept, I shall also contend that the argument should be regarded as conducted for the most part in foro interno, as a way of persuading the Peripatetics themselves of the falsity of the Indifference Implication, precisely because of the risk that such an implication be derived from their own theoretical framework.

Sounds of Web Advertising

2011 ◽  
pp. 535-551
Author(s):  
Iben Bredahl Jessen ◽  
Nicolai Jørgensgaard Graakjaer
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Web Content ◽  
Web Advertising ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
Banner Ads ◽  
Visual Phenomena ◽  
Web Ads ◽  
The Web ◽  
Commercial Messages

Sound seems to be a neglected issue in the study of web ads. Web advertising is predominantly regarded as visual phenomena–commercial messages, as for instance banner ads that we watch, read, and eventually click on–but only rarely as something that we listen to. The present chapter presents an overview of the auditory dimensions in web advertising: Which kinds of sounds do we hear in web ads? What are the conditions and functions of sound in web ads? Moreover, the chapter proposes a theoretical framework in order to analyse the communicative functions of sound in web advertising. The main argument is that an understanding of the auditory dimensions in web advertising must include a reflection on the hypertextual settings of the web ad as well as a perspective on how users engage with web content.

Legitimation Contests

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Dingwerth ◽  
Antonia Witt
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Time Change ◽  
International Organization ◽  
The World

In this chapter, we lay out the theoretical framework that informs our book. We argue that international organizations are legitimated in processes of contestation in which a plethora of actors seeks to define what distinguishes a ‘good’ from a ‘bad’ international organization. In doing so, the actors draw on as well as shape the normative environments in which international organizations are embedded. These environments, in turn, depend on the world political contexts of their time. Change in what we call the terms of legitimation therefore comes from two ends: first, from the dynamics of interaction among those who take part in legitimation contests (‘change from within’); and second, from material or ideational developments that support or challenge the persuasiveness of individual normative frames (‘change from the outside’).

Political Invisibility and Migrants’ Networked Governance Strategies in Ecuador

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-226
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Networked Governance ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
Governance Strategies ◽  
Governance Network ◽  
Peace And Development

Chapter 7 illustrates how the invisibility bargain has shaped the opportunities and limitations constraining Colombian migrants in Ecuador, and how they have responded to pursue access to rights, resources, recognition, and protection. It shows that the strategies that migrants pursue most often are those that are individual and do not require collective action, but that the strategies that work are those that do not require overt claims made on the state that could invoke a backlash from the host population. Instead, informal brokering, indirect strategies, and coalition building were all associated with better access to the governance network, and as a result, better human security outcomes. The empirical cases of the 2008 constitution, Enhanced Registration, and the Interagency Program for Peace and Development in the northern border zone illustrate the mechanisms through which networked governance has improved migrant human security in Ecuador, as well as the limitations and risks.

scholarly journals Institutional Dynamics in International Organizations: Lessons from the Recruitment Procedures of the European External Action Service

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1793-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Murdoch ◽  
Benny Geys
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
External Action ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Institutional Dynamics ◽  
Formal Procedures

This article examines how organizational designs develop by proposing a novel theoretical framework that views organizational change as resulting from a dialectic process between interpretive agents. The key claim is that existing formal procedures (such as recruitment processes, our empirical focal point) are subject to involved actors’ interpretive efforts. This results in a bargaining situation based on the interpretations of the principal actors, which may induce a feedback loop whereby the original procedures are amended. The empirical relevance of the theoretical argument is illustrated via a case study of the hiring procedures in the European External Action Service.

International Crisis Management and Human Security in the Framework of ‘Hybrid Wars’ and Unrecognized States

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-297
Author(s):  
Jan Asmussen
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Human Security ◽  
International Crisis ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
International Crisis Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Forms

This article deals with the impact of the current Ukrainian crisis on international conflict management and human security in the framework of ‘hybrid wars’ and unrecognized states. It analyses the particularities of the international community’s dealings with conflicts that have multi-party actors. Human security issues are difficult to redress when warfare takes hybrid forms and major actors are non-recognized entities that are not members of international organizations. The Ukrainian crisis has seen the resurrection of the osce as a major forum for conflict resolution endeavours. A new European order of peace that guarantees human security can only be achieved with minimum standards of mutual respect.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-244
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Pugh
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Global South ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Migrant Integration

The book concludes in chapter 8 by summarizing the main arguments laid out in the previous chapters and highlighting the contribution that this book makes to the study of migrant integration, security, and governance around the world. It elaborates a number of concrete policy implications of the findings for migrant-serving NGOs, international organizations, and state agencies tasked with human security and peacebuilding in migrant-receiving countries, especially in the Global South. It also suggests directions for further research, including comparative work across populations and temporal periods, and explores the future applicability of this research more broadly for migrant-receiving democracies, especially in other parts of the developing world.

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