Maturity

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-137
Author(s):  
Juliane Fürst
Keyword(s):  
Social Acceptance ◽  
The Self ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Immolation ◽  
New Generation

This chapter concentrates on the post-demonstration history of the Soviet hippie sistema. While at first Soviet hippies seemed to be in crisis, from the mid-1970s a new generation rejuvenated the movement and created the so-called ‘second sistema’. The post-demonstration hippie movement was fewer in numbers, but more resilient, since its members were more committed to the cause, ready to sacrifice jobs, education, and social acceptance in order to live a life they experienced as freer and more colourful than that of their peers. From time to time the underground culture of the hippies demonstrated their cultural and revolutionary potential when their causes inspired resistance such as in the case of the 1976 exhibitions of nonconformist artists or in the mass upheavals in Kaunas after the self-immolation of Romas Kalanta in 1972 or in Leningrad in 1978 when authorities promised, but did not deliver, a rock concert featuring famous acts from the West.

scholarly journals The History of Celtic Scholarship in Russia and the Soviet Union

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3-41
Author(s):  
Séamus Séamus Mac Mathúna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Short History ◽  
The West ◽  
Carpathian Mountains ◽  
Literary Scholarship ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Language Areas ◽  
New Generation

In recent years there has been a remarkable burgeoning of interest in Celtic scholarship in the Slavic countries. Much of the work carried out by Slavic scholars, however, is written in the Slavic languages and is not readily accessible to Western scholars. The result is that the scope and achievement of Celtic scholars in these countries is not widely known and appreciated. The aim of this paper is to give a short history of this tradition and of some of the major scholarly landmarks. While the emphasis will be primarily on Celtic Studies in Russia, reference will also be made to the work of scholars in other Slavic countries. Several centuries before Christ, the Proto-Slavic dialect area appears to be north of the Carpathian mountains between the Rivers Oder and Vistula in Poland and the River Dnepr in the Ukraine. It is in a kind of intermediate zone which includes other language areas, including Illyrian, Thracian and Phrygian, and is bordered to the west by Germanic, Celtic and Italic, and to the east by Scythian and Tocharian. The paper will examine briefly the history and contribution of Celtic Slavic scholars to the question of the links between Proto-Slavic and Celtic in this region. The writings of the famous academicians A.A. Schachmatov (1864–1920) and A.N. Veselovsky (1838–1906) are taken as points of departure in outlining the history of Celtic linguistic and literary scholarship in Russia, and both their work and methodologies, and the work of other scholars, such as V. Propp, E. Meletinsky, Yu. Lotman, V.N. Toporov and A.Ya. Gourevitch, are considered in light of their influence on modern Celtic scholarship in the Slavic countries. Consideration is also given to the work and influence of deceased Celtic scholars A.A. Smirnov, V.N. Yartseva, A.A. Koroljov and V.P. Kalygin, the work of scholars such as T.A. Mikhailova and S.V Schkunayev, and the development of a new generation of very able and productive younger scholars.

scholarly journals Meditative Revolutions? A Preliminary Approach to US Buddhist Anarchist Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-179
Author(s):  
Enrique Galvan-Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Zen Buddhism ◽  
The Self ◽  
The West ◽  
Technologies Of The Self ◽  
Buddhist Tradition ◽  
Buddhist Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Revolutionary Praxis ◽  
The Way

This article discusses the various shapes, inner structures and roles given to transformative and liberative practices in the work of US Buddhist anarchist authors (1960-2010). Unlike their Chinese and Japanese predecessors, who focused more on discursive parallelisms between Buddhism and anarchism or on historical instances of antiauthoritarianism within the Buddhist tradition(s), US Buddhist anarchists seem to favour practice and experience. This emphasis, characteristic of the way Buddhism has been introduced to the West,sometimes masks the way meditative techniques were used in traditional Buddhist contexts as oppressive technologies of the self. Whereas the emphasis on the inherently revolutionary nature of Buddhist practice represents a radical departure from the way those practices have been conceptualised throughout Buddhist history, it also involves the danger of considering Buddhist practice as an ahistorical sine qua non for social transformation. This is due to the fact that most early Buddhist anarchist writers based their ideas on a highly idealised, Orientalist imagination of Zen Buddhism(s). However, recent contributions based on other traditions have offered a more nuanced, albeit still developing picture. By assessing a number of instances from different US Buddhist anarchist writers, the article traces the brief history of the idea that meditation is revolutionary praxis, while also deconstructing and complicating it through historical and textual analysis.

Epistrophe and Metanoia in the History of Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Pierre Hadot ◽  
Andrew Irvine ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Living Organism ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of

Crucial in Pierre Hadot’s account of ancient philosophy as a way of life is the phenomenon of conversion. Well before he encountered some of the decisive influences upon his understanding of philosophy, Hadot already understood ancient philosophy and its long legacy in later thinkers of the West as much more than a formal discourse. Philosophy is an experience, or at least the exploration and articulation of a potential for experience. The energy of this potential originates in a polar tension between epistrophe (return) and metanoia (rebirth). The two poles, which are grounded in primal experiences of the living organism, motivate and model the conversion which must be lived by the philosopher. The genius of Western philosophical experience lies in the effort to synthesize return and rebirth, and thereby recover the self as an ontological point of identification with and origin of the cosmos.

The Great Convergence from a West-European Perspective: Some Thoughts and Hypotheses

Itinerario ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 9-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Luiten Van Zanden
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
The West ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
New Generation

Between 1995 and 2000 a number of synthetic studies on the economic history of Asia in the Early Modern Period were published which have changed – or should change – our ideas and perceptions of the ‘rise of the west’ and the parallel ‘decline of the east’ in a fundamental way. The potential impact of these studies is comparable to that of a previous brief spell of brilliance in our profession, the early 1970s, with the pioneering publications by, amongst others, Wallerstein, Brenner, and North and Thomas. Whereas these studies proposed fundamentally new views on the long term dynamics of the ‘rise of the west’, and concentrated heavily on the economic and socio-political history of Europe (albeit sometimes within a ‘world system perspective’), the new generation of innovative works focuses on a new analysis of the economic history of parts of Asia - on China and India in particular. Much of the detailed empirical research on which this revisionism is based, was done before the books of Goody, Frank, Wong, Pomeranz, and Lee and Wang were published, and forerunners of the revisionism can be identified. But only now the movement has created a clear set of hypotheses that challenges the accepted wisdom about die economic and institutional contrasts between both sides of the Eurasian Continent.

Starvation and Self-Mutilation in Religious Traditions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Wilson
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Hunger Strike ◽  
The West ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
The World ◽  
Bodily Practice ◽  
Self Immolation

This chapter investigates the place of destructive acts against oneself—such as starvation and self-mutilation—in the spectrum of violent actions performed in the name of religion. Self-starvation and self-mutilation share some of the ideological and performative features of violence in the name of religion. The self-sacrifice of Quang Duc was demonstrative of a time-tested Buddhist form of bodily practice known in Buddhist studies in the West as self-immolation. It is revealed that self-directed violence can be both an act of devotion and an act of protest. Self-immolation and hunger-striking employ the body as a means of resistance. Like self-conflagration, the hunger strike has become a global phenomenon used on every continent of the world.

scholarly journals Production of the Self during the Age of Confessionalism

1996 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Warren Sabean
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Multiple Selves ◽  
The West ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
History Of ◽  
Identity Privacy ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

During the last several decades, the history of the self, its nature, essential shifts, and trajectory have undergone considerable re-examination. The Western Civilization textbook premise that the history of the West and the rise of individualism correlate closely with each other is being critically examined. There are a number of different historical, anthropological, literary, and sociological discourses about bodies, memory, conscience, subjectivity, identity, privacy, sexuality, and gender, which have developed separate narratives about the self, frequently (mostly) in isolation from one another. Some recent feminist theory finds the thesis of individualism irrelevant for women and suggests that the self as a continuing story (autobiography) is gendered. Some theorists counter the creative possibilities of forgetting to a self constructed around a memory core. Multiple selves, schizoid selves, and decentered selves challenge older ideas of identity. The dialectic between public and private produces new problems about who “owns” the self, its image, and its location. Bodies, sexualities, and desire turn out to be shaped and disciplined within hidden forms of power. Old ideas about the rise of the individual and new ones about the pathologies of the self make the self and its history a central issue for contemporary debate.

Terence's Selbstaussöhnung: Payback Time for the Self (Hautontimorumenus)

Ramus ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
The Self ◽  
The West ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Roman Culture ◽  
Internal Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fleurs Du Mal

There is no such thing as society.ThatchFriends and neighbours, that's where it's atfriends and neighbours, that's a fact.Ornette Coleman (1970)All Terence's ½-doz. plays come complete with instructions on how to read them. They give you a fair idea, for a start, of what you're going to get yourself involved in. They always did, delivering audiences to the exponentially expanding Roman culture of the 160s BCE, delivering drama, and theatre culture, from that critical world-beating juncture in the history of the West to a constantly self-renewing, and ultimately perpetual, Graeco-Roman education, through language + learning: Prologue (§1).Before all, this is the play with the unpronounceable Greek handle. Just about its only Hellenism to survive processing into Terence's expertly screened Latinity. A word-and-a-half set to catch any lover of language—it made Baudelaire write a poem, just so he could list Hautontimoroumenos as a title in Fleurs du Mal: Je te frapperai sans colèrelet sans haine comme un boucher.… (For us, his line-and-a-half must be: Je suis de mon coeur le vampire.) The word-title is a paradigmatic slogan that roars—fortissimo—that complex internal relations between the person and the self feature as the semiotic-cum-problematic of this play. L'innommable—beyond Latinity to put into words, hence the compulsion to dramatise: Title (§2).

The Self

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Self ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
African Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
Philosophy Of Psychology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Striking Contrast

This book is about the ways that the concept of an ‘I’ or a ‘self’ has been developed at different times in the history of western philosophy; it also offers a striking contrast case, the ‘interconnected’ self, who appears in some expressions of African philosophy. If ‘human being’ is a biological classification, ‘I’ is a mental one. What I’s do is think. The most common theme across western accounts of ‘I’s that think’ is that they are self-conscious. A second theme (in the west) is that selves have unity: There is one self who recalls past experiences and anticipates future actions. Despite being self-conscious selves, it has proven difficult to say what a self is without paradox. Normally, the object of consciousness pre-exists the consciousness, but we cannot be a self without being self-conscious, so it seems that a self and the consciousness thereof must be coeval. How can we be self-aware and yet have no idea of what a self is? (It cannot just be a body, since a live human body might not be able to think.) The essays in this volume engage many philosophical resources—metaphysics, epistemology, phenomenology, philosophy of psychology and philosophy of language—to illuminate these puzzles. The Reflections present attempts to approach some aspects of these puzzles scientifically and also provide a sense of how central they are to human life.

A note on John Hawkins (1761–1841) and the Hawkins archive

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
R. J. CLEEVELY
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

A note dealing with the history of the Hawkins Papers, including the material relating to John Hawkins (1761–1841) presented to the West Sussex Record Office in the 1960s, recently transferred to the Cornwall County Record Office, Truro, in order to be consolidated with the major part of the Hawkins archive held there. Reference lists to the correspondence of Sibthorp-Hawkins, Hawkins-Sibthorp, and Hawkins to his mother mentioned in The Flora Graeca story (Lack, 1999) are provided.

Fictive Mode, ‘Journey to the West’, and Transformation of Space: ‘Ali Mubarak’s Discourses of Modernization

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-358
Author(s):  
WEN-CHIN OUYANG
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Theoretical Principle ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
The West ◽  
Arab Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Journey To The West

I begin my exploration of ‘Ali Mubarak (1823/4–1893) and the discourses on modernization ‘performed’ in his only attempt at fiction, ‘Alam al-Din (The Sign of Religion, 1882), with a quote from Guy Davenport because it elegantly sums up a key theoretical principle underpinning any discussion of cultural transformation and, more particularly, of modernization. Locating ‘Ali Mubarak and his only fictional work at the juncture of the transformation from the ‘traditional’ to the ‘modern’ in the recent history of Arab culture and of Arabic narrative, I find Davenport's pronouncement tantalizingly appropriate. He not only places the stakes of history and geography in one another, but simultaneously opens up the imagination to the combined forces of time and space that stand behind these two distinct yet related disciplines.

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