Permutations and referential indeterminacy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Button ◽  
Sean Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Elementary Equivalence ◽  
Ante Rem Structuralism ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

This chapter begins with a definition of isomorphism, and then introduces the Push-Through Construction, which allows us to generate many distinct isomorphic copies of a model. Benacerraf and Putnam have used this construction to raise certain problems for realism and the determinacy of reference. These problems seem most threatening in the case of mathematics, where nothing like causation could help pin down reference. In this connection, we introduce Putnam’s famous just-more-theory manoeuvre for the first time, and a position which is vulnerable to it, namely moderate objects-platonism. We then evaluate various attempts to salvage determinacy of reference, including Shapiro’s ante rem structuralism, before outlining a supervaluationist semantics which allows for referential indeterminacy. The appendices to this chapter contain a proof that isomorphism implies elementary equivalence, and a discussion of recent work on eligibility.

scholarly journals New Challenges for Biobanks: Accreditation to the New ISO 20387:2018 Standard Specific for Biobanks

BioTech ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Pasquale De Blasio ◽  
Ida Biunno
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Accreditation Body ◽  
Accreditation Process ◽  
Testing Facility ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Operational Aspects

Background: The emergence of “multi-omics” and “multi-parametric” types of analysis based on a high number of biospecimens enforces the use of a great number of high-quality “Biological Materials and Associated Data” (BMaD). To meet the demands of biomedical research, several Biological Resource Centers (BRCs) or Biobanks world-wide have implemented a specific Quality Management System (QMS) certified ISO 9001:2015 or accredited by CAP9 ISO 20387:2018. For the first time, ISO, with the support of several Biobanking experts, issued the ISO 20387:2018 which is the first ISO norm specific for Biobanks. The fundamental difference with present certification/accreditation standards is that the ISO 20387:2018 focuses not only on the operational aspects of the Biobank, but also on the “competence of the Biobank to carry our specific Biobanking tasks”. Methods: The accreditation process for ISO 20387:2018 required the definition of: (1) objectives, goals and organizational structure of the Biobank, including procedures for governance, confidentiality and impartiality policies; (2) standard operating procedures (SOPs) of all activities performed, including acquisition, analysis, collection, data management, distribution, preparation, preservation, testing facility and equipment maintenance, calibration, and monitoring; (3) procedures for control of documents and records, the identification of risks and opportunities, improvements, corrective actions, nonconforming records and evaluation of external providers (4) an internal audit and management reviews, verification of QMS performance, monitoring of quality objectives and personnel qualification and competency in carrying out specific Biobanking tasks. Results: The accreditation process is performed by an independent authorized organization which certifies that all processes are performed according to the QMS, and that the infrastructure is engineered and managed according to the GDP and/or GMP guidelines. Conclusion: Accreditation is given by an accreditation body, which recognizes formally that the Biobank is “competent to carry out specific Biobanking tasks”.

Improving the Volumetric Efficiency of the Axial Piston Pump

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Volumetric Efficiency ◽  
Valve Plate ◽  
Piston Pump ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Axial Piston Pumps ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Engineering Practices ◽  
First Time ◽  
Axial Piston

The volumetric efficiency is one of the most important aspects of system performance in the design of axial piston pumps. From the standpoint of engineering practices, the geometric complexities of the valve plate (VP) and its multiple interactions with pump dynamics pose difficult obstacles for optimization of the design. This research uses the significant concept of pressure carryover to develop the mathematical relationship between the geometry of the valve plate and the volumetric efficiency of the piston pump. For the first time, the resulting expression presents the theoretical considerations of the fluid operating conditions, the efficiency of axial piston pumps, and the valve plate designs. New terminology, such as discrepancy of pressure carryover (DPC) and carryover cross-porting (CoCp), is introduced to explain the fundamental principles. The important results derived from this study can provide clear recommendations for the definition of the geometries required to achieve an efficient design, especially for the valve plate timings. The theoretical results are validated by simulations and experiments conducted by testing multiple valve plates under various operating conditions.

Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4959 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-178
Author(s):  
RODRIGO M. BARAHONA-SEGOVIA ◽  
PAMELA RIERA ◽  
LAURA PAÑINAO-MONSÁLVEZ ◽  
VICENTE VALDÉS GUZMÁN ◽  
PATRICIA HENRÍQUEZ-PISKULICH
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Flower Flies ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

Syrphidae, more commonly known as flower flies, are considered one of the most important Diptera families worldwide because of their critical role in pollination, biological control and decomposition of organic matter. The study of these flies in Chile has stagnated due to a lack of local experts as well as the absence of an updated catalog of species. This study is an attempt to remedy the latter of these issues by providing an illustrated and updated catalog to the Syrphidae of Chile. Species are presented under currently accepted names, with synonyms and previous combinations listed and original references. Type localities, world and Chilean distribution by geopolitical Chilean regions, taxonomic and biological notes, a complete record of bibliographic references and extinction risk under IUCN Red List criteria are provided. This catalog recognizes 132 species of Syrphidae, belonging to four subfamilies (Eristalinae, Microdontinae, Pipizinae and Syrphinae), 13 tribes and 47 genera. A total of 46 species (34.84 %) is restricted to the geopolitical territory of Chile. Eight species are considered exotic, one is considered incertae sedis and three are based on doubtful records. Seventeen species of 10 different genera (Copestylum Macquart, 1846; Dolichogyna Macquart, 1842; Eosalpingogaster Hull, 1949b; Eupeodes Osten Sacken, 1877; Meromacrus Rondani, 1848; Palpada Macquart, 1834; Paragus Latreille, 1804; Sphiximorpha Rondani, 1850; Sterphus Philippi, 1865 and Toxomerus Macquart, 1855) are reported from Chile for the first time. A total of 44 species (33.33 %) reported from Chile are directly threatened by human activities such as agriculture, forestry, mining and/or urbanization and indirectly by climate change. The gaps found in the geographic distribution of Chilean flower fly species and what it means for its use by disciplines such as ecology, floral biology and agronomy, are discussed. In addition, the use of this illustrated catalog for biological conservation, the potential definition of priority areas and ecosystem management plans based on this group of Diptera are also discussed. 

Perforation mechanics of UHMWPE soft ballistic sub-laminate and soft ballistic armor pack: A finite element study

2021 ◽  
pp. 089270572110420
Author(s):  
Bazle Z (Gama) Haque ◽  
John W Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Transverse Impact ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Uhmwpe Fibers ◽  
Ballistic Limit Velocity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

Soft-ballistic sub-laminate (SBSL) made from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers in [0/90] stacking sequence are the building block of a multi-layer soft-ballistic armor pack (SBAP, aka Soft Armor). A systematic study of the perforation dynamics of a single layer SBSL and several multi-layer SBAPs (2, 3, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 layers) is presented for the first time in the literature. A previously validated finite element model of transverse impact on a single layer is used to study the perforation mechanics of multi-layer SBAPs with friction between individual layers. Following the classical definition of ballistic limit velocity, a minimum perforation velocity has been determined for free-standing single layer SBSL and multi-layer SBAPs. For the multi-layer SBAPs, complete perforations have been identified as progressive perforation of individual layers through the thickness. The minimum perforation velocities of multi-layer SBAPS is linear with the areal density for the eight (8) layer target and thicker. Large deformation behavior and perforation mechanics of the SBAPs is discussed in detail.

scholarly journals CULTURE-BASED STUDIES’ TOPOGRAPHY IN THE MODERN FRENCH SOCIAL SCIENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
B. E. Nosenok
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Critical Turn ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

Cultural studies as a humanities researcher takes the place of an expert. The relevance of this topic is due to the lack of development of the issues of “culture-based studies” in Ukrainian culturology. There is a lack of translated into French or Ukrainian languages of French sources published since 1975. French culturological science, which developed after 1975, is almost not represented in Ukrainian culturology. The present stage of the development of French historiography, which lies at the heart of cultural history, and cultural studies, is associated with increased attention to social knowledge. This stage is characterized by the deployment of a “critical turn”, which proceeds from the following principles: the interdisciplinary approach, the significance of cultural expertise, the severity of publications and the multiplicity of their forms, multidisciplinarity. The “critical turn” affects the following spheres of knowledge: la Culturologie, les Études culturelles, les Sciences de la Culture. The article substantiates the relevance of the use of the concept of “culture-based studies” to the definition of processes that are unfolding within the framework of French humanities and are associated exclusively with the theoretical formations in the context of the social sciences. The purpose of the article is to outline a map of culture-based studies in the field of French humanitaristics. The methodology of the article is based on the application of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches to research in the field of culturology. Also, methodological developments in the field of “critical turn” and the achievements of the sociological circle and the interdisciplinary discussion club “Eranos” were applied. The scientific novelty of the article is to substantiate the appropriateness of the use of the concept of “culture-based studies” on the definition of processes that are unfolding within the framework of French humanitaristics and relate exclusively to theoretical formations in the context of social sciences. This concept to the field of Ukrainian culturology is introduced for the first time. Also, for the first time, the place and forms of culturology in French humanities were clarified. Conclusions. Working with a source base and methodology is one of the points that are compulsory on the way to the solution of the tasks, the main of which is the formation of the body of fundamental works for French history (including the history of culture) and historiography of the period since 1975 year to the present day. On the basis of this building, there is the prospect of building an alternative national cultural history project addressed to the vector of the French historiographical, historical-anthropological and cultural-related issues in the field of social knowledge. The article presents the arguments why it is appropriate to use the concept of “culture-based studies” in the context of conducting research in relation to French humanitaristics, in particular, the modern period of its development.

scholarly journals CRIMINAL DELINQUENCY – CYBERSTALKING: CHARACTERISTICS OF OBJECT AND OBJECTIVE SIDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (83) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Uldis Ķinis
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Legitimate Interest ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Actus Reus ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Objective Side ◽  
First Time

On January 2018 significant amendments to the Criminal Law and the Law On the Procedure for Application of the Criminal Law came into force in Latvia. These changes not only in the first time introduce the criminal responsibility for the emotional violence, but also determine the procedure for assessing emotional disparity, equating the effects to telepathic injuries.In the article, the author reviews a modality of crime “persecution” - cyber-persecution. Although the legislator in the annotation of the law provides that the article also shall be applicable to acts committed in cyberspace, at the same time, the author indicates some problems that may arise due to the narrow interpretation of the law by the law enforcement. The purpose of the article is to study the object (protected legitimate interest) and the objective side (actus reus) of the offense - cyber-stalking. For purposes of research, several methods have been used. The method of comparative analysis, for examination and comparison of external and international regulations. Methods of legal interpretation used to disclose the differences between the understanding of the written text of the definition of the crime and what ought to be understood in the meaning of the norm. Finally, the author presents the conclusions and proposals on the application of the norm.

scholarly journals Major characteristics of mixed fir and beech virgin forests in the National park Biogradska Gora in Montenegro

2011 ◽  
pp. 157-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milic Curovic ◽  
Milan Medarevic ◽  
Rade Cvjeticanin ◽  
Mirko Knezevic
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Production Characteristics

In order to manage forest ecosystems at a sufficiently high biodiversity level it is necessary to study the ecological, structural and production characteristics of virgin forests. The research was directed towards identifying the characteristics of mixed fir and beech forests (Abieti-Fagetum s. lat.) in the area of the strict reserve of the National Park Biogradska Gora in Montenegro. Basic characteristics of these forests were researched in the process of definition of forest types. In this manner, it is for the first time that a realistic base for typological management of forests and forest ecosystems with similar ecological and structural characteristics was provided for the specific sites.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Determinants of Adolescent Health in Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-113
Author(s):  
P. Gazizullina
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Promotion Policy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Public Health Promotion ◽  
First Time ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the socio-economic determinants of the health of Russian adolescents, performed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative analysis was carried out on the basis of the data of the Russian Monitoring of the Economic Situation and Health conducted by the Higher School of Economics for 2010-2016 (19th- 25th waves) using the logistic regression apparatus. Qualitative data are obtained by conducting 39 semi-structured interviews with adolescents aged 14-17 living in the Republic of Udmurtia and the Moscow Region in two stages: in 2010 and 2013. Within the framework of the study, the complex of socio-cultural determinants of health is separately singled out for the first time and its significance is shown for the health of Russian teenagers. The definition of the most significant socio-economic determinants of adolescent health enabled developing a series of recommendations in the area of public health promotion policy.

scholarly journals The building performance gap: Are modellers literate?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah Imam ◽  
David A Coley ◽  
Ian Walker
Keyword(s):  
Physics Education ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Utility ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Building Physics ◽  
First Time

One of the most discussed issues in the design community is the performance gap. In this research, we investigate for the first time whether part of the gap might be caused by the modelling literacy of design teams. A total of 108 building modellers were asked to comment on the importance of obtaining and using accurate values for 21 common modelling input variables, from U-values to occupancy schedules when using dynamic simulation to estimate annual energy demand. The questioning was based on a real building for which high-resolution energy, occupancy and temperature data were recorded. A sensitivity analysis was then conducted using a model of the building (based on the measured data) by perturbing one parameter in each simulation. The effect of each perturbation on the annual energy consumption given by the model was found and a ranked list generated. The order of this list was then compared to that given by the modellers for the same changes in the parameters. A correlation analysis indicated little correlation between which variables were thought to be important by the modellers and which proved to be objectively important. k-means cluster analysis identified subgroups of modellers and showed that 25% of the people tested were making judgements that appeared worse than a person responding at random. Follow-up checks showed that higher level qualifications, or having many years of experience in modelling, did not improve the accuracy of people’s predictions. In addition, there was no correlation between modellers, with many ranking some parameters as important that others thought irrelevant. Using a three-part definition of literacy, it is concluded that this sample of modellers, and by implication the population of building modellers, cannot be considered modelling literate. This indicates a new cause of the performance gap. The results suggest a need and an opportunity for both industry and universities to increase their efforts with respect to building physics education, and if this is done, a part of the performance gap could be rapidly closed. Practical application: In any commercial simulation, the modeller will have to decide which parameters must be included and which might be ignored due to lack of time and/or data, and how much any approximations might perturb the results. In this paper, the judgment of 108 modellers was compared against each other. The results show that the internal mental models of thermal modellers disagree with one another, and disagree with the results of a validated thermal model. The lessons learnt will be of great utility to modellers, and those educating the next generation of modellers.

scholarly journals Theoretical Design and Circuit Implementation of Integer Domain Chaotic Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1450128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianxue Wang ◽  
Simin Yu ◽  
Christophe Guyeux ◽  
Jacques M. Bahi ◽  
Xiaole Fang
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Systems ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Noise Signal ◽  
Circuit Implementation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Uniform Noise ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hybrid Circuit

In this paper, a new approach for constructing integer domain chaotic systems (IDCS) is proposed, and its chaotic behavior is mathematically proven according to Devaney's definition of chaos. Furthermore, an analog-digital hybrid circuit is also developed for realizing the designed basic IDCS. In the IDCS circuit design, chaos generation strategy is realized through a sample-hold circuit and a decoder circuit so as to convert the uniform noise signal into a random sequence, which plays a key role in circuit implementation. The experimental observations further validate the proposed systematic methodology for the first time.

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