Institutionalizing the Liberal Creed

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronen Mandelkern
Keyword(s):  
Political Influence ◽  
Institutional Entrepreneurship ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Economic Liberalism ◽  
Market Economic ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Political Entrepreneurs ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
Political Decision Making

This chapter analyzes the role Israeli economists have played as purveyors of pro-market economic ideas and political entrepreneurs of economic liberalization in Israel. Israeli economists were strongly committed to economic liberalism already in the 1950s, but they were lacking decisive political influence. Two mechanisms increased their power over policy. First, long-term institutional changes gradually eroded “political” decision-making mechanism and opened the way to greater involvement of professional economists. This long-term trend was joined and reinforced by economists’ institutional entrepreneurship at the height of the 1980s economic crisis, when they initiated changes of macroeconomic governance. These changes enhanced the political power of the Ministry of Finance and the Bank of Israel and supported the institutionalization of neoliberalism in Israel.

Political testimony

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han van Wietmarschen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Decision Procedure ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Equality Of Opportunity ◽  
Democratic Values ◽  
Political Judgment ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Political Question

I argue that reliance on political testimony conflicts with two democratic values: the value of mutual justifiability and the value of equality of opportunity for political influence. Reliance on political testimony is characterized by a reliance on the assertions of others directly on a political question the citizen is asked to answer as part of a formal democratic decision procedure. Reliance on expert testimony generally, even in the context of political decision-making, does not similarly conflict with democratic values. As a consequence of the argument, citizens have a pro tanto reason to rely on their own political judgment when determining their vote, and democratic societies have a reason to only ask citizens questions they are able to answer without reliance on political testimony.

scholarly journals Fuel for Conspiracy: Suspected Imperialist Plots and the Chaco War

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
Luis Roniger ◽  
Leonardo Senkman
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
The Political ◽  
South American ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
National Pride ◽  
The World ◽  
Chaco Region ◽  
Political Decision Making

Conspiracy discourse interprets the world as the object of sinister machinations, rife with opaque plots and covert actors. With this frame, the war between Bolivia and Paraguay over the Northern Chaco region (1932–1935) emerges as a paradigmatic conflict that many in the Americas interpreted as resulting from the conspiracy manoeuvres of foreign oil interests to grab land supposedly rich in oil. At the heart of such interpretation, projected by those critical of the fratricidal war, were partial and extrapolated facts, which sidelined the weight of long-term disputes between these South American countries traumatised by previous international wars resulting in humiliating defeats and territorial losses, and thus prone to welcome warfare to bolster national pride and overcome the memory of past debacles. The article reconstructs the transnational diffusion of the conspiracy narrative that tilted political and intellectual imagination towards attributing the war to imperialist economic interests, downplaying the political agency of those involved. Analysis suggests that such transnational reception highlights a broader trend in the twentieth-century Latin American conspiracy discourse, stemming from the theorization of geopolitical marginality and the belief that political decision-making was shaped by the plots of hegemonic powers.

When rivers go to court: The Anthropocene in organization studies through the lens of Jacques Rancière

Organization ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorija Kalonaityte
Keyword(s):  
Political Decision ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Jacques Ranciere ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Jacques Rancière ◽  
The Status ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Do So

The overarching purpose of this article is to add to the theorization of the Anthropocene in organization studies by investigating how long-term planetary concerns can be better accounted for in organizing. To do so, the article draws on the scholarship of Jacques Rancière to show how the dichotomy of nature and culture shapes the dominant framings of organizing, and to outline premises for artistic, scholarly and political interventions into the status quo that could aid the process of making our entanglements with the geo-biophysical politically viable. The article concludes that the Anthropocene can add to a renewal of organizational and political decision-making processes through a radical rethinking of the liberal humanist separation of nature and culture and related concepts such as democracy and political subjecthood.

The move to Accrual Based Accounting: the challenges facing central governments

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Marty ◽  
Sylvie Trosa ◽  
Arnaud Voisin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Economic Rationality ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Political Decision Making

France’s decision to move to Accrual Based Accounting, triggered by the application of the Organic Law to the Finance Laws, has a tangible impact on political decision-making mechanisms. By adopting accounting and financial information standards derived from the private sector, it has the effect of reinforcing the economic rationality of public decisions. It makes it possible, in particular, to draw comparisons between public and private costs, comparisons that are necessary to set up any possible contract-based links with private suppliers. The move towards Accrual Based Accounting sets out to improve the information provided to the public operators. It also tends to limit the possibilities of arbitrations that are unfavourable to long-term investments and the maintenance of public assets. It gives parliaments, control bodies and citizens an appreciation of the policies being carried out, thus reinforcing the demands for the transparency of public accounts and the accountability of their managers. However, there is no getting away from the fact that it is a complex and costly reform, whose implementation requires a favourable political context and an appropriate implementation strategy.

Long and Short-term Memory Structure in Political Decision Making

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jaccard
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Behavioral Decision ◽  
Political Decision Making

Cognitive models of political behavior and political decision making have been a staple of research in political science for decades. Recent advances in cognitive psychology and behavioral decision making underscore the utility of models that incorporate memory dynamics for understanding a wide range of political behaviors at the individual level. Four memory systems are relevant; sensory memory, short-term memory, working memory, and long-term memory. Information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory stores, a subset of which is then acted upon by working memory. Working memory manipulates its contents through processes such as reasoning, comprehension, attention, integration, and retrieval of supplementary information from long-term memory. Working memory ultimately holds and processes the thoughts and feelings that are salient to an individual at a given point in time. Memory models of decision making elaborate what cognitions and emotions are likely to enter working memory and how those cognitions and emotions are combined and integrated when making a behavioral decision.

NAEP Trends: Main NAEP vs. Long-Term Trend

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert E. Beaton ◽  
James R. Chromy
Keyword(s):  
Term Trend ◽  
Long Term Trend
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