Studying Political Legitimacy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy B. Andeweg ◽  
Kees Aarts
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
New Research ◽  
Legitimacy Crisis

This final chapter concludes with a reflection on the findings presented in the book, the implications of these findings for politics and political science, and suggestions for a new research agenda on legitimacy. The chapter concludes that the analyses in this volume do not provide evidence of legitimacy crisis. This leaves us with a puzzle, as the belief in such a legitimacy crisis is persistent, and it has proven to be quite resistant to evidence provided by political scientists on the basis of data such as analyzed in this book. This discrepancy between current data and public discourse must also prompt us to reflect on political science research: what have we done so far in selecting our concepts, data, research strategies, and empirical domain, and what can and should be improved? The chapter concludes with suggestions for new research on legitimacy.

scholarly journals Sociological institutionalism as a direction of the new institutionalism of political science: methodology and its implementation in Ukrainian political science research

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Oksana Bashtannyk
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
New Institutionalism ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Sociological Institutionalism ◽  
Political Processes

The relevance of this study is explained by the need to find out the heuristic parameters of one of the segments of the institutional analysis of Ukrainian political science - sociological institutionalism. At the present stage of world development of institutional research in politics, it is no longer enough to turn to the formalized aspects of the essence of political institutions, which is still a fairly common approach - in contrast to the general theory of the new institutionalism. Also, there is a widespread view that the latest models of research strategies can be offered only by foreign political science and it is among its developments that the necessary analytical tools should be sought. Due to certain historical aspects of the political development of our country, political science research has not been able to develop synchronously with global trends for a long time, but it is possible to assume that today this situation is gradually changing. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to concretize in domestic political science the analytical field of such research areas of the new institutionalism as sociological institutionalism and systematize the main parameters of its research strategy. As a result of the study, it was found that the provisions of sociological institutionalism of political science are based on more normative-formalized approaches compared to other types of institutionalism because its formation was significantly influenced by the theory of organizations. Most Ukrainian scholars use the methodological tools of this area of institutionalism for a comprehensive analysis of the nature of the political institution as a research unit, which is close in its characteristics to the latest world examples and requires an appropriate research methodology. The group of specific issues considered by domestic scholars on the basis of the provisions of sociological institutionalism is opened by the normative aspects of the functioning of international politics (for example, humanization), which in this dimension is in the center of attention of foreign scholars as well. A more interesting area of research is the peculiarities of the process of European integration, the analysis of which also begins in the works of foreign scholars, but we are interested in this question given Ukraine's European ambitions - whether its regulatory Europeanization will have appropriate prospects. Another important aspect of research using the methodology of this area of institutional analysis, and again - important for our country, are the socio-political processes in transition societies, where democratization has begun, but the achievements in this way are difficult to call sustainable.

Catastrophic Climate Risk and Brazilian Amazonian Politics and Policies: A New Research Agenda

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Castro Pereira ◽  
Eduardo Viola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Climate Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
New Research

Climate and deforestation impacts are jeopardizing the resilience of the Amazon rainforest, one of the key elements in the Earth’s climate system whose dieback may trigger catastrophic climate change. The potential degree of climate risk that the planet is facing, and current Brazilian Amazonian politics and policies, make it alarmingly conceivable that a tipping point will be crossed that leads to savannization of the forest. However, the social science research community has not yet acknowledged this possibility. A timely revision of the research agenda is needed to address this gap.

Myth and Reality of the Legitimacy Crisis

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Secular Decline ◽  
New Research ◽  
Established Democracies ◽  
Legitimacy Crisis ◽  
Party Decline

Theories about legitimacy decline and legitimacy crisis are as old as democracy itself. Yet, representative democracy still exists, and empirical evidence for a secular decline of political support in established democracies is limited, questionable, or absent. This calls into question existing explanatory theories of legitimacy decline. How valid are theories of modernization, globalization, media malaise, social capital, and party decline, if the predicted outcome, i.e. secular decline of political support, does not occur? And which (new) explanations can account for the empirical variation in political support in established democracies? This book systematically evaluates: (a) the empirical evidence for legitimacy decline in established democracies, (b) the explanatory power of theories of legitimacy decline, and (c) promising new routes in investigating and assessing political legitimacy. In doing so, this volume provides a broad and thorough reflection on the state of the art of legitimacy research, and outlines a new research agenda on legitimacy. It brings together a broad team of accomplished scholars, approaching these questions from different angles based on their respective topic of expertise. The result is a set of studies that do not only provide state-of-the-art analytical and empirical analyses, but also provide original insights in the questions at hand.

Neuroscience of Enduring Change and Psychotherapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 433-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Lane ◽  
Ryan Smith ◽  
Lynn Nadel
Keyword(s):  
Basic Science ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Memory Reconsolidation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Emotion And Memory ◽  
New Research

The model of enduring change in psychotherapy featuring memory reconsolidation and emotional arousal was based on recent neuroscientific advances that were presented originally from a predominantly psychological perspective. This chapter translates the components and processes of the model into evidence-based neural systems terms. This neural circuitry model highlights what is known and not known and where new research is most urgently needed. The authors then consider the research agenda, emphasizing what they consider to be the most important knowledge gaps. The basic science research agenda focuses on a variety of topics pertaining to memory and memory reconsolidation as well as interactions between emotion and memory. The clinical science research agenda focuses on the most pressing issues pertaining to the processes and mechanisms contributing to enduring change in psychotherapy. The potential exists to develop a new taxonomy of clinical interventions based on what problems are being targeted, how intractable they are, and how long-lasting the intervention needs to be.

New findings from conflict archives

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Balcells ◽  
Christopher M Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Peace And Conflict ◽  
New Research

As they pursue information and deploy violence during conflict, combatants compose, catalog, and preserve a wide variety of records, such as memos, investigative reports, and communiqués. In an increasing number of post-conflict scenarios, these records are being archived and released publicly, quickly becoming a critical new source of data for studies of peace and conflict. The objective of this special issue is to advance a new research agenda focused on the systematic analysis of conflict archives. The contributors each spent significant time collecting original data from often-dusty archives and, in many cases, developed new methodologies for sampling, cataloging, and analyzing historical documents. Their findings reveal how violence simultaneously shapes and is shaped by factors that remain largely unobservable using more conventional sources of conflict data, including clandestine mobilization, bureaucratic accountability, and political identities. By considering these studies in relation to one another, this introduction aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of field research strategies and analytical techniques for studying original data from conflict archives. We conclude that while archival data are subject to their own biases that must be considered, this research agenda addresses significant limitations associated with traditional data sources and, in turn, pushes scholars to rethink many of the mechanisms underlying the causes and dynamics of peace and conflict.

scholarly journals Irregular migration struggles and active subjects of trans-border politics: New research strategies for interrogating the agency of the marginalised

Politics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Strange ◽  
Vicki Squire ◽  
Anna Lundberg
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Irregular Migration ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Border Politics ◽  
Irregular Migrant ◽  
New Research ◽  
A Site

The politics of migration has become increasingly prominent as a site of struggle. However, the active subjecthood of people on the move in precarious situations is often overlooked. Irregular migration struggles raise questions about how to understand the agency of people who are marginalised. What does it mean to engage people produced as ‘irregular’ as active subjects of trans-border politics? And what new research strategies can we employ to this end? The articles presented in this Special Issue of Politics each differently explore how actions by or on behalf of irregular/ised migrants involve processes of subjectivity formation that imply a form of agency. Collectively we explore how irregular migration struggles feature as a site marked by active subjects of trans-border politics. We propose a research agenda based on tracing those processes – both regulatory, activist, and everyday – that negotiate and contest how an individual is positioned as an ‘irregular migrant’. The ethos behind such research is to explore how the most marginalised individuals reclaim or reconfigure subjecthood in ambiguous terms.

scholarly journals As políticas de memória, verdade, justiça e reparação no primeiro ano do governo Bolsonaro: entre a negação e o desmonte | The politics of memory, truth, justice and reparation in the first year of the Bolsonaro government: between denial and dismantling

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e48060
Author(s):  
Pedro Rolo Benetti ◽  
Caio Cateb ◽  
Paula Franco ◽  
Carla Osmo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
First Year ◽  
Political Strategies ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Military

O ano de 2019 marcou o início do primeiro governo pós-redemocratização a articular um discurso público abertamente contrário aos direitos humanos. A nova conjuntura impõe a abertura de uma nova agenda de pesquisa em torno dos discursos, estratégias políticas e recursos administrativos empregados no enfrentamento aos direitos humanos enquanto conjunto de princípios, mas também enquanto uma série de políticas públicas construídas pelo Estado brasileiro ao longo das últimas três décadas. O presente artigo pretende definir contornos para esta investigação ao explorar o caso específico do campo de memória, verdade, justiça e reparação. De fato, uma das marcas da inserção pública de Jair Bolsonaro, a exaltação à ditadura militar (1964-1985), se converteu, no primeiro ano de seu governo, em ações no sentido de reorientar os órgãos do Estado responsáveis por trabalhar com a memória e reparação das graves violações aos direitos humanos ocorridas no período autoritário por responsabilidade de agentes do Estado brasileiro.Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos; Autoritarismo; Memória, verdade e justiça.ABSTRACT2019 marked the beginning of the first post-redemocratization government to articulate a public discourse openly contrary to human rights. The new conjuncture imposes the opening of a new research agenda around the speeches, political strategies and administrative resources used to confront human rights as a set of principles, but also as a series of public policies built by the Brazilian State over the last three decades. This article intends to define outlines for this investigation by exploring the specific case of the field of memory, truth, justice and reparation. Indeed, one of the hallmarks of Jair Bolsonaro's public insertion, the exaltation of the military dictatorship (1964-1985) became, in the first year of his government, actions aimed at reorienting the State organs responsible for working with the memory and repair of serious human rights violations that occurred in the authoritarian period.Keywords: Human Rights; Authoritarianism; Memory, truth and justice. Recebido em 29 jan. 2020 | Aceito em 30 jun. 2020.

scholarly journals The Birth of Representative Institutions: The Case of the Crown of Aragon

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Møller
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Good Data ◽  
Crown Of Aragon ◽  
Early Case ◽  
New Research

A new research agenda within political science and economics has been devoted to elucidating the development of medieval representative institutions. However, if we wish to get a clearer grasp of the birth of representative institutions, much more detailed data are needed. This paper introduces and interrogates a new data set on assemblies in one of the first instances where representative institutions arose: the Crown of Aragon. An analysis of these new data, which cover the period 1100–1327, supports several important conclusions. First, the development of representative institutions took place in a couple of brief “bursts” of activity. Second, factors pertaining to the establishment of public order (land peace and the regulation of succession) feature as more important than “geopolitical” factors (war and taxation) in the early part of the period, but the latter factors become more important after assemblies turn representative; indeed, they turn out to be crucial for understanding how assemblies eventually came to constrain rulers. A comparison with the only other early case of representative institutions on which there are good data, thirteenth- and early-fourteenth-century England, supports a third finding: There is a striking, temporal parallelism in the development of representative institutions across the two realms.

Consequences of Legitimacy in Global Governance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Sommerer ◽  
Hans Agné
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
New Research ◽  
Legitimacy Crisis

This chapter outlines a new research agenda on the consequences of legitimacy for the effectiveness of global governance institutions. The chapter sets the stage for systematic investigation of this issue by disaggregating consequences into empirically observable components and by outlining a research strategy to study these different impacts. Specifically, the chapter highlights four sequential types of consequences, relating to: (a) the resources committed to an institution; (b) the scale of policy output produced by an institution; (c) the actor compliance with an institution’s policies; and (d) the problem-solving effectiveness of the institution. The chapter illustrates the empirical fruitfulness of new quantitative measurements of legitimacy crisis, and argues for its usefulness to test effects of legitimacy in global governance.

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