Triage: The Application Screening Process

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-114
Author(s):  
Carolyn Hoyle ◽  
Mai Sato
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Legal Representation ◽  
Screening Policy ◽  
Decision Frames ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines how the Criminal Cases Review Commission makes sense of approximately 1,400 applications it receives each year, focusing on the mechanisms that are in place for stage one of decision-making — that is, cases are screened in or out of the process. Drawing on Keith Hawkins' theoretical framework of ‘surround’, ‘field’ and ‘frame’, it considers how the Commission screens out applications early through a ‘triage’ process. The chapter first describes the four types of applications received by the Commission before discussing individual commissioners' decision frames, the new screening policy that has been introduced at stage one decision-making, and decision frames in relation to the surround and field. It also analyses the Commission's approach to guilty pleas, the impact of legal representation on stage one decisions, and drivers of stage one decision-making. It shows that the Commission, in practice, uses ‘triggers’ as shortcuts to help guide decision-making at stage one.

Managing Efficiency and Thoroughness in Case Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 255-282
Author(s):  
Carolyn Hoyle ◽  
Mai Sato
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Building ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Formal Knowledge ◽  
Legal Coercion ◽  
Decision Frames

This chapter examines the Criminal Cases Review Commission's decision-making process through the lens of efficiency and thoroughness. It first considers the ‘sense-making’ process of gathering and interpreting information within the Commission and how the Commission prioritises cases before discussing the Commission's formal ‘knowledge-building’ based on expert evidence and complainant credibility, along with its cultural knowledge. It then analyses the Commission's field that sets the boundaries of the scope of organisational enquiry, the decision frames that help individual decision-makers to operationalise the concepts of thoroughness and efficiency, and the key performance indicators used to measure the Commission's success. It also explores the amount of ‘empirical’ investigation beyond ‘desktop’ reviews carried out by case review managers (CRMs) and the use of section 17 powers to obtain information from external bodies and experts. Finally, it explains how the Commission secures compliance without resorting to legal coercion.

scholarly journals Impact of theoretical perspectives on the design of mathematical modelling tasks

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-113
Author(s):  
Berta Barquero ◽  
Britta Eyrich Jessen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Task Design ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Epistemological Model ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we discuss how the adoption of a particular theoretical framework affects task design in the research field of modelling and applications. With this purpose, we start by referring to the existence of different reference epistemological models about mathematical modelling to analyse better the consequences they have for decision making concerning designing modelling tasks and their implementation. In particular, we present the analysis of three case studies, which have been selected as representatives of different theoretical perspectives to modelling. We discuss the impact of the chosen reference epistemological model on the task design process of mathematical modelling and the local ecologies suited for their implementation.

scholarly journals Measurement of the Human Capital Applied to the Business Eco-Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Ortega-Lapiedra ◽  
Miguel Marco-Fondevila ◽  
Sabina Scarpellini ◽  
Fernando Llena-Macarulla
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Specific Index ◽  
Specific Human Capital ◽  
The Impact

Despite the growing number of studies on eco-innovation, the specific human capital applied to the eco-innovative processes by firms has not been thoroughly analyzed to date. Due to this gap, this study carries out an empirical research about the definition and measurement of the human capital applied to business eco-innovation in terms of knowledge. For this purpose, we define a human capital specific index (HCSI) to analyze the influence of firms’ human capital in their eco-innovative activities. The results have been obtained through the analysis of a sample of eco-innovative Spanish firms and they show some relevant implications for practitioners regarding the decision-making process in promoting eco-innovation and for the management control of eco-innovative processes. One of the study contributions for academics is to increase the knowledge about the measurement and the impact of the specific human capital applied to eco-innovation by firms in the theoretical framework of the resource-based view theory (RBV).

scholarly journals The Subjective Experience of Using Medications: What We Know and the Paths Forward

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Yone de Almeida Nascimento ◽  
Djenane Ramalho-de-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Existential Feelings ◽  
The Impact

Medications can cause bodily changes, where the associated benefits and risks are carefully assessed based on the changes experienced in the phenomenal body. For this reason, the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty is an important theoretical framework for the study of experience related to the daily use of medications. The aim of this study was to discuss the contribution of a recently developed framework of the general ways people can experience the daily use of medications—resolution, adversity, ambiguity, and irrelevance—and present reflections about the little-understood aspects of this experience. However, some issues raised throughout this article remain open and invite us to further exploration, such as (1) the coexistence of multiple ways of experiencing the use of medications, by the same individual, in a given historical time; (2) the cyclical structure of this experience; (3) the impact of habit and routine on the ways of experiencing the daily use of medications; and (4) the contribution of the concept of existential feelings to this experience and its impact on patients’ decision-making. Therefore, the experience with the daily use of medications is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that directs the decision-making process of patients, impacting health outcomes.

Managing Uncertainty in Forensic and Expert Evidence Cases

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-140
Author(s):  
Carolyn Hoyle ◽  
Mai Sato
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Expert Evidence ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Decision Frames

This chapter examines issues arising from cases that turn on forensic and expert evidence, focusing on how the Criminal Cases Review Commission investigates such applications and makes its decisions. Drawing on a sample of sixty-one cases involving forty-two applicants, the chapter shows how the Commission makes decisions in cases that ‘turn on’ forensic science and expert testimony. It also considers the influence of developments in the ‘surround’ of the Commission and how the surround affects the Commission's decision field — the broad setting within which decision-making at the Commission takes place. Finally, it analyses the role of decision frames in the Commission's decision-making on forensic and expert evidence cases, noting that such frames are characterised by uncertainty and even anxiety. Concerns about the interpretation and presentation of forensic evidence at trial are discussed, along with the legal and narrative frames of decision-making in forensic and expert evidence cases.

scholarly journals Why Children do not Go to School in PakistanSome Estimates and a Theoretical Framework

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1231-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moazam Mahmood ◽  
Tarlo Javaid ◽  
Almal Baig
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
Policy Failure ◽  
Household Decision Making ◽  
Children's Schooling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mainstream Literature

Pakistan has a grave problem of human capital. The majority of our children tend not to go to school. Instead they go to work. Policy on education and child labour has been clearly deficient in Pakistan. This policy failure, we feel is due to analytical deficiency in understanding the determinants and impact of children's schooling and labour. The theoretical framework of this study is based on five arguments. 1. Schooling, and child labour, are two aspects of the the same problem, the problem of why children do not go to school. Schooling and child labour are both the result of one decision-making process, whether to send a child to school, or to work. 2. Mainstream literature on Pakistan does not consider the impact of this household decision-making about children's schooling and labour on the aggregate labour market. 3. Mainstream literature on Pakistan further does not consider the impact of child labour on the labour market for women. 4. Mainstream literature also does not consider yet another impact of household decision-making about children's schooling and labour on fertility behaviour. ·5. These three processes, household decision-making about children, the impact on the labour market, and the impact on fertility, combine to give a perverse signalling mechanism that tends to depress children's schooling, increase child labour, depress adult employment especially for women, and increase fertility rates. So policy failure in Pakistan, may in large part be due to the inability to understand these three processes, and their combination in a perverse signalling mechanism.

Quota Women Are Threatening to Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klea Faniko ◽  
Till Burckhardt ◽  
Oriane Sarrasin ◽  
Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi ◽  
Siri Øyslebø Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Women In Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Two studies carried out among Albanian public-sector employees examined the impact of different types of affirmative action policies (AAPs) on (counter)stereotypical perceptions of women in decision-making positions. Study 1 (N = 178) revealed that participants – especially women – perceived women in decision-making positions as more masculine (i.e., agentic) than feminine (i.e., communal). Study 2 (N = 239) showed that different types of AA had different effects on the attribution of gender stereotypes to AAP beneficiaries: Women benefiting from a quota policy were perceived as being more communal than agentic, while those benefiting from weak preferential treatment were perceived as being more agentic than communal. Furthermore, we examined how the belief that AAPs threaten men’s access to decision-making positions influenced the attribution of these traits to AAP beneficiaries. The results showed that men who reported high levels of perceived threat, as compared to men who reported low levels of perceived threat, attributed more communal than agentic traits to the beneficiaries of quotas. These findings suggest that AAPs may have created a backlash against its beneficiaries by emphasizing gender-stereotypical or counterstereotypical traits. Thus, the framing of AAPs, for instance, as a matter of enhancing organizational performance, in the process of policy making and implementation, may be a crucial tool to countering potential backlash.

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