Ireland

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-131
Author(s):  
Mary Daly
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Mary Daly

Mary Daly examines the severe crisis in Ireland in this chapter. The crisis was preceded by an extended period of rapid economic growth, yet the national financial situation had been deteriorating prior to the recession. When it hit, a strong austerity approach was adopted, dictated principally by the terms of the financial bailout Ireland secured in 2010. In return for this funding, Ireland undertook a very detailed programme of reforms in which social policy and changed taxation were prioritized. These reforms featured large reductions in social expenditure and significant cuts to all benefits (except old-age pensions) and services, increasing poverty and hardship. Housing-related indebtedness increased quite widely as well. Reforms also institutionalized a much stronger activation approach. Apart from this, there was little or no major restructuring of the Irish welfare state, hence this proved quite resilient in a period that saw the overshadowing if not demise of social partnership.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF HARMONIZING THE INTERESTS OF ECONOMIC SUBJECTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Fimyar ◽  
Olga Shilvinska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Product

Economic transformations of the country due to the development of market relations lead to appropriate changes in the field of social policy, the development of appropriate mechanisms of social protection, based on the principles of self-regulation and mutual support. The scale of economic growth is largely determined by the level of motivation of the behavior of economic entities both in increasing their own financial results and the general economic effect of creating a social product. In this aspect, the social policy of the state becomes a powerful factor in economic growth, with the greatest effect is given by the use of such forms of incentives that realize the public interests of all economic entities, which are not homogeneous in nature. The implementation of these priorities should be aimed at solving major socio-economic problems in order to prevent conflicts and promote sustainable development at the level of enterprises, regions, the country as a whole, so the problem of harmonizing the interests of all economic entities can be identified as a priority. The urgency of this problem is due to the need to increase the level of social protection of the population, which is achieved through the effective implementation of social policy and improving the mechanisms for its implementation from the standpoint of harmonization of interests of all economic entities. It is proved that to form a low-conflict model in which each entity has a clearly defined mechanism for meeting their own needs through the interests of partners, possibly by expanding the scope of market methods of self-regulation in combination with government leverage to influence economic behavior. To implement a more effective social policy, the government proposed a mechanism for expanding and harmonizing the socio-economic interests of the state, business and employees, which summarizes the result of the synthesis of natural and artificial responsibilities for various actors in social policy and social partnership. The proposed mechanism is able to neutralize the problems associated with low wages in the real sector of the economy, poverty and inefficient use of GDP, ensure the transparency of this process, and create a powerful motivational environment for workers and employers.

Social policy outcomes of government participation by radical right parties

2020 ◽  
pp. 135406882092349
Author(s):  
Juliana Chueri
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Policy Position ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Radical Right Parties ◽  
The Welfare State

The literature has pointed to a change in radical right-wing parties’ (RRWPs) position regarding the welfare state. Those parties have abandoned the neoliberal approach on distributive issues and have become defenders of social expenditure for deserving groups. Nevertheless, as RRWPs have joined with right-wing mainstream parties to form governments, their distributive policy position might cause conflict in a coalition. This study, therefore, addresses this puzzle by analysing the social policy outcomes of RRWPs’ government participation. The conclusion is that those parties contribute to the welfare state retrenchment. However, policies are not affected evenly. Expenditure that targets groups regarded as undeserving by the radical right is retrenched the most.

FORMATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC POLICY IN THE ORGANIZATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
E. Y. Starkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Income Policy ◽  
Market Leader

The income policy is shown as an effective tool for stimulating the economic growth of the organization with the interests of the main social groups of employees and employers. It carries the content of incentives, providing employees with an additional old-age pension, and also plays a significant incentive role for employees. In modern conditions, an organization, that wants to be a market leader in terms of the quality of its products and services, must take a very serious approach to developing a social policy for its employees.

The French Way: Economy, Society, and Culture in the 1990s

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Kuisel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
American English ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Fifth Republic ◽  
American Model ◽  
American Way ◽  
Technological Competitiveness ◽  
The Welfare State

In 1990s, the French saw America as both an incentive for change and an example to be shunned. If the New World's successes—for example, in economic growth—were admired, the ways Americans employed to attain such prosperity were to be avoided. In short, America was simultaneously a model and an antimodel. What the French accomplished in the 1990s was to adapt features of the American way, without admitting it, in an effort to find their own way forward. This chapter addresses policies of the Fifth Republic that were explicitly, or in some instances only implicitly, inspired by the American model. It deals with economic and social policy, business practice, and cultural affairs. In economic and social policy, the focus is on issues like economic and technological competitiveness, unemployment, and the welfare state. In cultural affairs, the focus will be on language—that is, the spread of American English—and on the audiovisual sector.

scholarly journals The Virtuous Circle of Sustainable Welfare as a Transformative Policy Idea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuuli Hirvilammi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Positive Feedbacks ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Policy Idea

Welfare states are highly dependent on the economic growth paradigm. Especially in social democratic welfare states, growth dependence has historically been accompanied by the notion of a virtuous circle, which ensures that social policy measures do not conflict with economic growth. However, this policy idea ignores the environmental impacts that are now challenging human wellbeing and welfare goals. In this conceptual research article, I reframe the virtuous circle of the welfare state by revealing its unintended consequences and internal contradictions before introducing a more sustainable policy idea. I argue that this new concept—a virtuous circle of sustainable welfare—could have transformative potential in designing a planned and socially sustainable degrowth transformation. Drawing on historical institutionalism, degrowth, social policy and sustainable welfare state research, I advocate for the virtuous circle as a heuristic tool to provide an appealing and convincing narrative for sustainable welfare state beyond growth. The policy idea of virtuous circle addresses interrelated institutional reforms and positive feedbacks between different institutions and policy goals. It also emphasizes that a holistic approach is necessary to avoid trade-offs and contradictions between social, environmental, and economic policies.

The dog that didn't bark: economic development and the postwar welfare state

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis G. Castles
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Factor Conditioning ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Main Factor

This paper focuses on the linkages between postwar economic and social policy development. Examining the relationship between affluence and levels of welfare over the period as a whole reveals a tendency for social expenditure effort to be higher in moderately affluent then in extremely affluent nations. Turning to the question of how economic growth impacted on welfare expansion in the early postwar decades, the paper argues that growth was a necessary, rather than a sufficient, condition of welfare development. Finally, analysis of the era of welfare containment suggests that domestic economic performance has been the main factor conditioning expenditure change

scholarly journals Assessment of the social expenditure impact on the economic growth in OECD countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykhaylo Malyovanyi ◽  
Nataliia Ivanova ◽  
Kateryna Melnyk ◽  
Oleksandr Nepochatenko ◽  
Oleksandr Rolinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Models ◽  
Social Expenditures ◽  
The Impact

Economic growth is exposed to many socio-economic factors that impact both the formation and allocation of resources. The theoretical part of this article discusses studies by various authors on the social expenditure impact on economic growth, the dependence of this influence on selected funding principles and social policy models. In the empirical part, using the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) procedure and the Fixed Effect Model, the impact of social expenditure on the economic growth in OECD countries is determined. An increased focus is put on assessing the long-term impact of the main types of social expenditures (public and private), based on different financing principles (distribution and accumulation), on the economic growth rates both in OECD in general and in the context of countries (based on the Esping-Andersen’s typology) grouped according to social policy models. The following conclusions are drawn: 1) an increase in the share of total social expenditures in the country’s GDP negatively affects economic growth; 2) an increase in the share of private social expenditures in the country’s GDP contributes to economic growth; 3) the obtained indicators of impact assessment are different depending on a social policy model chosen. The analysis is based on OECD panel data for the period 1980–2013.

scholarly journals What future lies ahead for the Irish welfare state?

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Mary Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Life Cycle Approach ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Poverty And Inequality

Beginning by outlining the pre-recession aspirations for an active Irish social policy, the article then examines the recent political economy of social policy and the cumulative impact of the National Asset Management Agency, the Report of the Special Group on Public Service Numbers and Expenditure Programmes (McCarthy, 2009), the Commission on Taxation (Government of Ireland, 2009) and Budget 2010 on unemployment, social expenditure, poverty and inequality. Assuming a Developmental Welfare State is still the aspiration of Irish social policy, it explores three different models of activation; flexicurity, mutual obligations and active inclusion for all. Arguing for a flexicurity model strengthened by incorporating principles from Active Inclusion for All (EAPN, 2008) that promote a less punitive approach to activation; the article ends by considering how to gender the life cycle approach and concludes strong political leadership is required to move in this direction.

The Natural Profits of Their Years of Labor

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (139) ◽  
pp. 75-102
Author(s):  
Gabriel Winant
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Old Age ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Racial Formation ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
Fraternal Organizations ◽  
Moral Conservatism ◽  
The New Deal

Abstract This article uses the politics of old age to help explain the moral conservatism of the American welfare state. It argues that the onset of Fordism caused both uneven economic displacement of old workers and broader anxiety among social reformers about dependency and the forms of social disorder it produced by disturbing normative families. The management of this disturbance became a key promise of the movement for old-age pensions in the 1920s, in which Progressive labor reformers and conservative workers’ and fraternal organizations combined in an effort to support and rehabilitate the patriarchal family form through social policy. This logic ultimately became embedded in Social Security. Grasping this helps clarify the conservative dimensions of the New Deal as a moment of class, state, and racial formation.

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