Towards Predictive Synthesis of Inorganic Materials Using Network Science

Accelerating materials discovery is the cornerstone of modern technological competitiveness. Yet, the inorganic synthesis of new compounds is often an important bottleneck in this quest. Well-established quantum chemistry and experimental synthesis methods combined with consolidated network science approaches might provide revolutionary knowledge to tackle this challenge. Recent pioneering studies in this direction have shown that the topological analysis of material networks hold great potential to effectively explore the synthesizability of inorganic compounds. In this Perspective we discuss the most exciting work in this area, in particular emerging new physicochemical insights and general concepts on how network science can significantly help reduce the timescales required to discover new materials and find synthetic routes for their fabrication. We also provide a perspective on outstanding problems, challenges and open questions.

Innovation and investment mechanism for the formation and implementation of state policy to ensure the technological competitiveness of leading countries and Ukraine in the digital economy

The aim of the study is to assess the technological competitiveness of the leading countries and Ukraine as well as the formation of an innovation and investment mechanism to improve it. The article presents the scheme of research of technological competitiveness of the leading countries and Ukraine on the basis of qualitative and economic-statistical analysis, analysis of comparative advantages, grouping method and correlation-regression analysis. Analysis of foreign trade in high-tech products showed that the studied countries occupy more than half of this market. The studied countries take an active part in international economic relations since they have rather high export quotas but the ratio of the export of high-tech goods to GDP is very low. The analysis of comparative advantages showed that Ukraine has the greatest preference for the export of aerospace products, Germany for pharmaceuticals, China for office equipment, the United States for instrument making, and only China for telecommunications. It was determined that France, China, and South Korea have the highest level of innovation in national exports, and Ukraine and the Russian Federation have the lowest.

Analysis of Patent Trends for Fire Protection Technology based on IoT and ICT Technology

Technology for the 4^th Industrial Revolution, including ICT, IoT, and big data, has been combined with various other technologies. As an example, these technologies combined with fire protection technology can help protect lives and minimize property damage due to fires. In this study, the patents for fire protection technology using IoT and ICT technologies were investigated from 1999 to 2018 in Korea, the United States, Japan, and Europe. The technology patents were analyzed for international patent status and technological competitiveness by country. Although there was a slow increase in the overall number of patents for the fire protection technology from 1999 to 2014, the number has increased rapidly since 2015. The analysis in this study was intended to afford basic data on existing research to understand the trend and impact of the incorporation of the technology for the 4^th Industrial Revolution into extant technology.

Economic Development in the Context of Technological and Social Transformations

Aim. The presented study aims to formulate the conceptual features of the implementation of transformations in the field of technology and social issues and to substantiate methods for achieving technological competitiveness of industry to ensure global technological leadership.Tasks. The authors determine the theoretical and methodological features of economic development in the context of technological and social transformations based on developing the conceptual framework of the formation of the conceptual foundations of neo-industrial society, taking into account the contradictions of the global socio-economic system in the era of technological and social transformation; comparatively analyze the preparedness of Russia and certain other countries for the fourth technological revolution; substantiate the conceptual foundations of the new phenomenon of neo-industrial society, taking into account the contradictions of the global socio-economic system in the era of technological and social transformations based on the genesis of management paradigms and theories of industrial development in Russia; analyze the development of the Russian industrial complex and the actualization of its technological transformation to ensure global leadership; formulate a conceptual framework for managing the development of industry in the context of reindustrialization and digitalization; substantiate methodological recommendations for the development and adaptation of long-term socio-economic development strategies and clarify directions for technological development in Russia.Methods. The tasks set out in the study are solved using methodological tools associated with the conceptual features of the formation of a new economic development model in transformational conditions. The authors use conventional scientific methods (induction, deduction, historical, logical, and comparative analysis, monographic description, etc.), special research methods (systems and economic analysis, synthesis, grouping and comparison, continuous and selective observation, methods of expert assessments, methods of rank statistics), as well as methods, approaches, and other scientific provisions presented in the works of scientists and researchers.Results. The results of the study aimed at developing conceptual approaches, methodology, and recommendations for the formation of new fundamental principles for the implementation of the national economic policy in the era of technological and social transformations are substantiated. Unlike other existing developments, the obtained results, make it possible to develop the conceptual foundations of a neo-industrial society to ensure technological leadership in the context of a new industrial revolution and the digital economy, which corresponds to current and projected trends in socio-economic development.Conclusions. This study expands theoretical and methodological knowledge. The authors substantiate new theoretical and methodological principles. Thus, a scientific and methodological basis for economic development in the context of transformations has been created, increasing strategic technological competitiveness. The proposed approach to the formation of methodological tools strengthens the apparatus for studying problems in the subject area and develops tools associated with integration into the national innovation system.

ECONOMIC THEORIES OF COMPETITION, WHICH DETERMINE THE CONDITIONS AND FACTORS OF FORMATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

A significant number of scientific economic theories have been identified, which substantiate the essential characteristics of the technological competitiveness of the national economy. The difference between each of the theories is due to the evolution of economic development, conditions and factors of formation, as well as directions and means (tools) to ensure the technological competitiveness of the national economy. The conditions and factors of formation of technological competitiveness of the national economy according to economic theories of competition – blue ocean, global advance of competitors, competitive advantages, cyclical development of economy, neoliberalism, structuring are allocated. In each of the theories of competition as their historical evolution, the technological competitiveness of the economy was considered in the context of access and ability to effectively use technological resources, the formation of the market of innovation and technology, implementation of state policy to stimulate innovation. Taking into account theories of competition allows to clarify the important characteristics of technological competitiveness of the national economy, which relate to determining the influence of society, state, market environment, globalization and informatization on the creation and implementation of technologies in economic processes, economic competitiveness. Analysis of the evolution of scientific views shows the high intensity of changes in the field of competition and provides a wide range of conditions and factors for the formation of technological competitiveness, the development of economic agents. Accordingly, the lack of opportunities for technological and innovative development of national producers should be regarded as the main threat to the competitiveness of the economy. These are market, infrastructural, technological, innovative, intellectual, resource and other trends, in the context of which it becomes possible to effectively use competitive opportunities.

The Impact of Patent Portfolio on Competitive Landscape of Digital Signage Apparatus

The digital signage market has been flourishing every year, and this situation opens up new commercialization opportunities for stakeholders related to the acceleration function. The modern world has allowed technological innovation to satisfy market demands, primarily based on portfolio of patent information. The digital signage apparatus became an economical solution for the costly technology in the digital era. The purpose of this paper was to find the impact of the competitive landscape on the digital signage apparatus towards e-commerce development based on a patent portfolio from the WIPO database. The research was performed based on the patent information using Innograph software and information related to digital signage apparatus resulting in a total of 146 registered patents and 40 patents matching the research subjects. The results revealed that the patent portfolio on the digital signage apparatus has high perceived usefulness, but only few industries used this as a reference in benchmarking their technological competitiveness. This paper is beneficial to the industry that seeks for the impact of the latest technological implementation amidst the competitive commercialization of the digital signage apparatus. Keywords: Competitive Landscape; Digital Signage Apparatus; Impact; Patent Portfolio.

Theoretical and Methodological Provisions of Institutional Support for the Technological Competitiveness of the Economy: Essence, Functions, Tasks

Technological competitiveness of the economy is a very dynamic concept, associated with the rapid growth of production and implementation of innovations and technologies. The latter are continuously increasing their importance in ensuring the socio-economic development of the state. The evolution of scientific approaches to interpreting innovation infrastructure through a number of systemic features of institutional support for technological competitiveness of the economy is studied. The meaning of the definitions «infrastructure of technological activity» and «technological infrastructure» is substantiated. On analyzing the development of innovation infrastructure in the marketing behavior of the national economy, the author determined general properties of the innovation and market infrastructure. It is concluded that innovation infrastructure plays the main role in the technological growth of various sectors of the national economy. It is proved that the systemic-functional approach is the most common approach to interpreting the innovation infrastructure of the national economy. It is concluded that most studies reveal the meaning of the functions of a usual innovation infrastructure, and less attention is paid to the functions and tasks characteristic for the infrastructure of the technological competitiveness of the national economy. Within the comprehensive theoretical definition of the important role infrastructure of technological competitiveness plays in innovation and technological growth of the national economy, its main functions (the innovative and regenerative, investing and stimulating, supporting, transformational, coordinating, resources-accumulating, consolidating, and process-stimulating) and tasks are defined The results of generalizing the existing approaches make it possible to form a unique approach to interpreting the definition of the «infrastructure of technological competitiveness».