Reading, Reception, and Elite Education

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-40
Author(s):  
Laura Eastlake
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Elite Education ◽  
Latin Language

This chapter examines representations of identity formation in boys through acts of reading and particularly through acts of learning to grapple with the Latin language. This relationship between manhood and reading is evidenced in both the content and the semantic structures of schoolboy fiction. For Tom Brown, Eric, and Stalky—each of whom attend a different calibre or type of Victorian school—Latin is both the process through which boys become men and the designator of that manliness, with senior male figures like Thomas Arnold often being constructed as Caesar-like figures at the top of an ascending scale of maturity and seniority. Rome is often presented as both the maker and the marker of elite Victorian manliness in both its physical and intellectual varieties. Yet this chapter is also interested in changes and challenges to the classical curriculum in the nineteenth century as competing styles of masculinity emerged in the form of the captains of industry and science.

Scotch-Irish Identity and Attitudes to Home Rule

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-134
Author(s):  
Lindsey Flewelling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
Ethnic Organizations ◽  
Irish Identity ◽  
Ethnic Heritage

This chapter surveys the immigration and identity formation of the Scotch-Irish in America during the nineteenth century. Two ethnic organizations, the Scotch-Irish Society of America and the Loyal Orange Institution of the United States, are analysed as windows to Scotch-Irish ties back to Ireland the involvement in the unionist cause. The chapter explores the ways in which the Scotch-Irish responded to Irish-American calls for Home Rule and independence, attempted to support the unionists, and remained connected to Ireland. The Scotch-Irish were influenced by and remained interested in conditions in Ireland. In addition, the Ulster Scots themselves were affected by the actions and legacy of the Scotch-Irish. They used Scotch-Irish ethnic heritage to help form their own “Ulsterman” identity, which was in turn utilized to unify the unionist movement.

scholarly journals Introduction: The Transformation of Petitioning in the Long Nineteenth Century (1780–1914)

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Miller
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
New Type ◽  
To Come

This introductory essay, firstly, offers a comparative, historical perspective on the transformation of petitioning into a vehicle for mass popular politics across North America and Western Europe during the “long” nineteenth century (1780–1914). While petitions were well established as an instrument of state in many early modern states, from the late eighteenth century a new type of mass, public, collective petitioning, based on established or invoked rights, emerged on an unprecedented scale in many countries. Mass petitioning underpinned the nascent repertoires of collective action pioneered by social movements. At the same time, the reception of petitions was institutionalized by political authorities, particularly legislatures elected under limited suffrage, as a potential source of legitimation. Secondly, the introduction suggests why people petitioned, and continued to petition, when their campaigns were often unsuccessful in achieving immediate results. The answer lies in the manifold advantages of petitioning in enabling political organization, mobilization, identity formation, citizenship, political change, and the forming of networks with elite political actors. By shaping an emerging field examining petitioning and petitions, raising awareness of petitions as sources and the methodologies to exploit them, and addressing broad questions of interest to historians and social scientists, this special issue hopes to stimulate further research and contribute to a rich dialogue in the years to come.

Ireland’s popular response

2016 ◽  
pp. 55-91
Author(s):  
Paul Huddie
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Irish People ◽  
Broad Cross Section

This chapter will show that between 1854 and 1856 the Crimean War formed a central part of life for a broad cross-section of Irish people, regardless of class or creed, and even Irish culture. It will be argued that these responses of Irish society to the conflict were a mix of martial and often imperial enthusiasm coupled with substantial local interest. These exemplify the ambiguity of Ireland’s relationship with the union and the empire, but they also demonstrate the complex historical ambiguities of identity-formation on the island. This it will do by showing how Irish people demonstrated an insatiable public appetite for information relating to the war and a desire to engage with it physically; through newspapers, ballads, exhibitions, monuments but also the movements of troops and public celebrations. It will also be shown that the war also stands as a notable period for a variety of traditions, trends and practices during the wider nineteenth century and beyond.

Study on the Process of Western Identity Formation: Focusing on the International Expositions and Museums in the 19th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Yoon Ok Park
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
World View ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western World ◽  
International Expositions

This paper is to explore how the western identity has been established from the perspective of world expositions and museums in Europe, although the issue of identity is so broad that it is difficult to discuss in any one field. In the western world, large-scale international expositions competitively opened in major cities, mainly in Europe and the United States as the nineteenth century is called as the golden age of international expositions. Primarily in England and France, these two countries sought to achieve their goals of promoting trade, developing new technologies, educating the middle class and manifesting their political stance through the medium of exhibitions during the Industrial Revolution. With this effect, not only have museums been established but they have emerged as a result of the expositions in a number of cities in Europe and the United States. Through international expositions and the museum establishment, the nineteenth century presented the power of each country, imperialism and the enlightenment of the public. The comparison and competition between hosting countries as well as the major participating nations became a tool to represent their national identity and show their pride that they were civilized and superior to colonists. Flourished in this era, imperialism and colonialism have contributed to the accumulation of collections of western museums along with the exposition, thereby resulting in the foundation of Western studies such as anthropology, archaeology and natural sciences. These studies were classified and interpreted from the western perspective. In accordance, these disciplines spread throughout the world with colonialism in the Western world view and Eurocentric mindset. Competitive exposure to the country’s industrial development through international expositions and the accumulation of collections in museums of permanent institutions served as an important vehicle of demonstrating who they were.

Prince Adam Czartoryski as a liminal figure in the development of modern nationalism in Eastern Europe at the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-669
Author(s):  
Paul Brykczynski
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

In Polish history, Prince Adam Czartoryski is almost universally regarded as one of the most important Polish statesmen and patriots of the first half of the nineteenth century. In Russian history, on the other hand, he is remembered chiefly as the Foreign Minister of the Russian Empire, and a close personal friend of Tsar Alexander I. How did Czartoryski reconcile his commitment to the Polish nation with his service to the Russian Empire (a state which occupied most of Poland)? This paper will attempt to place Prince Adam's friendship with Alexander, and his service to Imperial Russia, in the broader context of national identity formation in early nineteenth-century eastern Europe. It will be argued that the idea of finding a workable relationship between Poland and Russia, even within the framework of a single state for a “Slavic nation,” was an important and forgotten feature of Polish political thought at the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. By answering the question of precisely how Czartoryski was able to negotiate between the identities of a “Polish patriot” and “Russian statesman,” the paper will shed light on the broader development of national identity in early nineteenth-century Poland and Russia.

Elite Education in Nineteenth-Century Chile

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrude M. Yeager
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Elite Education

New Perspectives on Class Formation: Culture, Reproduction, and Agency

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hanagan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Class Formation ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
Late Nineteenth

The essays by Hans Marks and Don Kalb represent important contributions to a growing literature on class formation. Much of the current attention to class formation flows from the contemporary concern with larger processes of identity formation (Hanagan 1989; McNall 1988; Tilly 1992). Scholars such as Ira Katznelson and Adam Przeworski have emphasized the contingent character of class identity while, at the same time, reminding us of the need to understand why millions of people in the late nineteenth century chose to band together and fight under banners labeled proletarian (Katznelson 1986; Przeworski 1977).

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