Reversing the Industrial Revolution

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-197
Author(s):  
Alf Hornborg
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Social Strategies ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Resource Transfers ◽  
Asymmetric Flows ◽  
Land Saving

This chapter argues that energy technologies should be understood in terms of asymmetric global resource transfers and environmental load displacements. The fossil fuel technologies inaugurated during the Industrial Revolution and the renewable energy technologies designed to replace them are similarly entangled with such societal asymmetries. Both represent social strategies of time-space appropriation within a highly unequal world-system generated by the polarizing logic of all-purpose money. The dependence of modern technology on asymmetric flows of embodied labour time, land, matter, and energy is effectively obscured in mainstream economics by the exclusive focus on prices and market mechanisms. Given the land-saving logic of the turn to fossil energy, it is pertinent to ask whether a turn to renewables would imply a return of land constraints. To perceive modern technologies simply as politically neutral instruments for harnessing natural forces, disregarding their demands on land and other resources beyond the technological infrastructure itself, is an example of fetishism.

The Importance Of Energy Solutions For A Safe And Rational Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-384
Author(s):  
Daniela Cristina Momete ◽  
Tudor Prisecaru
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Oil Exploitation ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Energy Domain

AbstractA new industrial revolution is on the verge in the energy domain considering the knowledge and skills acquired through the development of new energy technologies. Shale gas processing, unconventional oil exploitation, new exploring/drilling methods, mature renewable energy or in progress, all generated a wealth of knowledge in new technology. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse the positive and negative aspects of energy solutions, and to reveal the way to a world where a valid sustainable development, based on safe and rational premises, is actually considered. The paper also introduces suggestions for the energy system, which has a crucial importance in coping with the resource management of the future, where the economic, social, and environmental/climate needs of the post-crisis world should be suitably considered.

What Is Living and What Is Dead in Classic European Philosophy of Technology?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Mitcham
Keyword(s):  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Alan Turing ◽  
The World ◽  
European Philosophy ◽  
Jacques Ellul ◽  
Philosophical Project

Classic European philosophy of technology is the original effort to think critically rather than promotionally about the historically unique mutation that is anchored in the Industrial Revolution and has since progressively transformed the world and itself. Three representative contributions to this pivotal philosophical project can be found in texts by Alan Turing, Jacques Ellul, and Martin Heidegger. Despite having initiated analytic, sociological, and phenomenological approaches to philosophy of technology, respectively, all three are often treated today in a somewhat patronizing manner. The present chapter seeks to revisit and reconsider their contributions, arguing that, especially in the case of Ellul and Heidegger, what is commonly dismissed as their overgeneralizations about modern technology as a whole might reasonably be of continuing relevance to contemporary students in the philosophy of technology.

Scant Penetration of Women in the Fourth Industrial Revolution : An Old Problem in a New Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81–98
Author(s):  
Joseph Mudau ◽  
Ricky Munyaradzi Mukonza
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Technological Space

A study of every industrial revolution would be incomplete without any reference to the scant inclusion of women in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector. It remains true that a plethora of women are still not extricated from the obfuscation of social inclusion in the technological space. The gender inequalities in ICT remains a perennial problem, consequently prompting a new debate. Closely related to this debate is the scant rate of the inclusion of women in the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). This article opines that men have more freedom to utilise technological devices than women due to, inter alia, limited knowledge regarding technological infrastructure. The article is conceptual in nature and relied on critical scholarship review as a methodological approach to obtain insights. The objective is to argue that gender inequality in ICT is most likely to persist in the 4IR. Furthermore, it provides a summation and conclusion on the 4IR.

scholarly journals Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lucking-Reiley ◽  
Daniel F Spulber
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Information Revolution ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Cost Efficiencies ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
Business To Business

Just as the industrial revolution mechanized the manufacturing functions of firms, the information revolution is automating their merchant functions. Four types of potential productivity gains are expected from business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce: cost efficiencies from automation of transactions, potential advantages of new market intermediaries, consolidation of demand and supply through organized exchanges, and changes in the extent of vertical integration of firms. The article examines the characteristics of B2B online intermediaries, including categories of goods traded, market mechanisms employed, and ownership arrangements, and considers the market structure of B2B e-commerce.

Opportunities in Web-Based Teaching

2000 ◽  
pp. 17-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orasa Tetiwat ◽  
Magid Igbaria
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Minimum Condition ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
K 12

Web-based teaching technology has become a popular tool for many institutions in this decade. It can be used for every educational level from K-12 to higher education and distance education in many different fields. In order to make these opportunities possible, there are many requirements, including sufficient funding, a strong technological infrastructure, hardware and software, good design and interface, operations, maintenance, training, and cooperation of every involved party. When these requirements have been met as a minimum condition, Web-based teaching can provide many benefits to students, teachers, parents, and educational institutions. It is one alternative of modern technology that has been developed to augment traditional learning and teaching at all educational levels.

scholarly journals The Impact of Magnetic Materials in Renewable Energy-Related Technologies in the 21st Century Industrial Revolution: The Case of South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wallace Matizamhuka
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Magnetic Materials ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
The Impact

Magnetic materials specifically permanent magnets are critical for the efficient performance of many renewable energy technologies. The increased reliance on renewable energy sources has accelerated research in energy-related technologies the world over. The use of rare-earth (RE) metals in permanent magnets continues to be a source of greater concern owing to the limited RE supply coupled with dwindling reserves on the globe. This review focuses on how this has impacted on the state-of-the-art magnetic materials that continue to play a pivotal role in driving renewable energy technologies. Magnetic materials are perceived as key in driving the 21st century industrial revolution, and the participation of South Africa in this energy paradigm is critical in driving a new industrial revolution within the African continent. A number of opportunities are highlighted, and clarity is given on the several ubiquitous misconceptions and the risks on the heavy reliance on a single source for RE magnetic materials.

scholarly journals Harvesting Urban Honey with Modern Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Troy Donovan
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Time Space

This article looks at the new beekeeping technology of the Flow frame and how it benefits Urban Beekeepers. In spite of negative preconceived notions about new technology, the article compares the time, space, and energy requirements of the new technology as compared to the old technology. What makes a successful honey harvest is also discussed, along with how more people nearby can make the harvest easier and harder to manage.

scholarly journals Separation of Monazite from Placer Deposit by Magnetic Separation

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwanho Kim ◽  
Soobok Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Placer Deposit ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Mineralogical Analysis ◽  
Separation Result ◽  
Magnetic Product

In this study, mineralogical analysis and beneficiation experiments were conducted using a placer deposit of North Korea, on which limited information was available, to confirm the feasibility of development. Rare earth elements (REEs) have vital applications in modern technology and are growing in importance in the fourth industrial revolution. However, the price of REEs is unstable due to the imbalance between supply and demand, and tremendous efforts are being made to produce REEs sustainably. One of them is the evaluation of new rare earth mines and the verification of their feasibility. As a result of a mineralogical analysis, in this placer deposit, monazite and some amount of xenotime were the main REE-bearing minerals. Besides these minerals, ilmenite and zircon were the target minerals to be concentrated. Using a magnetic separation method at various magnetic intensities, paramagnetic minerals, ilmenite (0.8 T magnetic product), and monazite/xenotime (1.0–1.4 T magnetic product) were recovered selectively. Using a magnetic separation result, the beneficiation process was conducted with additional gravity separation for zircon to produce a valuable mineral concentrate. The process resulted in three kinds of mineral concentrates (ilmenite, REE-bearing mineral, and zircon). The content of ilmenite increased from 32.5% to 90.9%, and the total rare earth oxide (TREO) (%) of the REE-bearing mineral concentrates reached 45.0%. The zircon concentrate, a by-product of this process, had a Zr grade of 42.8%. Consequently, it was possible to produce concentrates by combining relatively simple separation processes compared to the conventional process for rare earth placer deposit and confirmed the possibility of mine development.

EMANCIPATION IN THE INDUSTRIAL AGE: TECHNOLOGY, RATIONALITY, AND THE COLD WAR IN HABERMAS’S EARLY EPISTEMOLOGY AND SOCIAL THEORY

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-505
Author(s):  
ADELHEID VOSKUHL
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Industrial Modernity

In his 1968 essay “Technology and Science as ‘Ideology’,” Jürgen Habermas deals more explicitly than in other works with phenomena related to modern technology and science.1He is well known for his social theory, legal theory, and theories of subjectivity and intersubjectivity, and has been a major figure in the intellectual history of modern Europe due to the twin role he has played as both a voice and a representative of the political and philosophical movements of postwar and post-Holocaust West Germany. Exploring the role of technology in his thinking brings into focus technology's ambiguous status in critical social theory as well as the general relationship between intellectual history and the history of technology. The disturbingly open-ended question whether technology is modernity's blessing or its curse has mobilized critics and commentators at least since the Industrial Revolution and has divided them at political, epistemic, and moral levels. Habermas's project sits in the middle of such traditions, and his 1968 essay “updates” long-standing concerns about industrial modernity for the specific technological, philosophical, and political conditions of the early Cold War. Intersections between technology and his signature fields—intersections that he has both forged and contributed to—are found in political theories of technology and democracy (in the forms, for example, of technocracy and technological determinism), epistemologies of scientific knowledge and their relevance for theories of the reasonable subject and of knowledge communities, and theories of secularization and modern state-building.2

scholarly journals Rancang Bangun Media Moblie Learning Mata KuliahTeknologi Multimedia Dan Internet

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Lativa Mursyida ◽  
Resmi Darni ◽  
Ika Parma Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Java Programming ◽  
Electronic Engineering ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Applications

Projections of modern technology as one of the implementations of the industrial revolution 4.0. in the world of education, it can be used as a supporter of the concept of learning, thinking, and developing creative and innovative innovations from students, to make the Pencerah become the Golden Indonesia Generation 2045 who is superior and able to compete at the global level. The current situation in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak, Industrial Revolution Education 4.0 adapts the new curriculum. The curriculum must be able to open a window to the world through digital information, for example: utilizing a smartphone / android in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak. Educators with a lot of exploring learning techniques and lots of references will be able to implement learning activities effectively even though they are currently in the midst of Covid-19, but all of this is not free from challenges in its implementation, especially educators. Making mobile learning media applications aims to produce learning media that makes it easier for students to learn multimedia and internet courses wherever they are. The development of this application uses the Prototyping development method with Android-based Java programming with Android Studio application software (version 3.3) with Gradle 4.4. This research produces an Android-based mobile learning media application, the features in this interactive module application are RPS, learning materials, videos, and exercises that are in accordance with the Electronic Engineering curriculum learning material, Faculty of Engineering, UNP.

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