Rethinking the Dialogue of Cultures in the Conditions of Global Communication and Information Revolution

The purpose of the research is to identify the features of intercultural dialogue in the context of global communication and information revolution, to reveal changes in the principle of intercultural dialogue in the new environment and to show the impact of culture on modern international relations. Research methodology. Analytical research methods based on methods of analysis and synthesis were used by the authors to reveal the essence of dialogue and its disclosure as a universal method of research not only personality but also culture when the cultural basis turns dialogue into the need of everyday life. Scientific novelty. Peculiarities of dialogue as a basis of intercultural interaction in modern conditions are revealed. The concepts of dialogue and discussion, as well as intrapersonal dialogue within each social subject, in the consciousness of each person, where there are two different positions of consciousness, are revealed and analyzed. Conclusions. The study analyzes new approaches to the principle of intercultural dialogue for intercultural interaction. It is shown that modern culture enters into dialogue only as a whole, characterized by the unity of meanings, their perfection and certainty. The circumstances under which culture in times of crisis seeks its paradigm in a new way are analyzed. It is emphasized that each culture enters into a dialogue in its own unique manner. It is proved that culture cannot exist without the eternal search for the Other, comparison and collation with it. The need for intercultural communication for the effective development of modern international relations based on mutual respect and tolerance is studied.

Information revolution: socioanthropological and worldview transformations

It is shown that the critical factor in the modern reality is not only the emergence of a new information and communication field, radically transforming the usual infrastructure of social life, but also the explosive growth of the speed of change caused by the rapid development of digital technology. Attention is drawn to the qualitative leap in the speed of development, which refers to the transition to a reality where radical changes in technological infrastructure and the resulting changes in the life of society began to occur repeatedly in the course of a single human life, in real time. It is argued that as a result of the information revolution a new order of uncertainty has arisen, which requires a new way of thinking on the part of man. The problem of minimally correct forecasting in the main spheres of social being is analyzed.

Big Data Challenges and Learning Paradigms: A Review

Big data is one of the impacts of information revolution due to technological advancements such as communication, mobile and cloud services. The uncontrolled accumulation of structured and unstructured enormous volumes of data creates challenges in storing and manipulating data and obtaining valuable insights from these data. Big Data Analytics is progressively becoming popular and the organizations are in forefront to devise and adopt diversified approaches including machine learning for Big Data Analytics. Business organizations are using data learning as a scientific method for dealing with big data. The use of appropriate data analytics tools is crucial for the organizations to withstand in their business, to face the challenges in the market and gain out of competitive advantage. By considering the overwhelming demand on the data analytics tools, this review paper presents the comprehensive view on various Big Data Analytics methods in place and the state-of-the-art approaches towards Big Data Analytics. This paper also presents upcoming challenges towards big data and suggests certain mechanisms to thwart those challenges.

Non-Mathematical Musings on Information Theory and Networked Musical Practice

Claude Shannon’s 1948 paper ‘A Mathematical Theory of Communication’ provided the essential foundation for the digital/information revolution that enables these very pixels to glow in meaningful patterns and permeates nearly every aspect of modern life. Information Theory, born fully grown from this paper, has been applied and mis-applied to a multitude of disciplines in the last 70-odd years, from quantum physics to psychology. Shannon himself famously decried those jumping on the ‘scientific bandwagon’ of Information Theory without sufficient mathematical rigour. Nevertheless, having a brief personal connection to Dr Shannon (and being extremely grateful for it), I will take the liberty of colouring some of my experience with computer network music with less-than-rigorous insights gained from his work.

Protection

The information revolution threatens to disempower digital consumers by upending our law’s assumptions, just as the Industrial Revolution did. If we are to build an equivalent to the industrial age’s “protective countermovement” for information-age consumers, privacy will be an essential part of that rejuvenation of consumer protection law. First, we need to think and talk critically about consumer protection and informational power in the digital age rather than the current inaccurate rhetoric of rational “users” making “choices” in an “ecosystem” of “innovation.” Second, we should talk about consumers as they actually are—as “situated” consumers who are predictably irrational. Third, the chapter offers a new legal regime for information-age consumer protection, improving existing information rules and deploying new ones. Fourth, it argues that privacy rules can also protect information-age consumers in a more general way by enhancing trust in relationships.

The Presumption of a Creative Nature (Originality) of Copyright Objects

The paper is devoted to the doctrinal meaning and practical significance of the presumption of the creative nature (originality) of copyright objects. This presumption is not directly enshrined in Russian law, but it follows from the systemic interpretation of the rules dedicated to notion of the author. A citizen who created a work by his creative work is recognized as the author. The laws of many countries contain the presumption of originality of works, but its interpretations are diametrically different. At the present time, in the conditions of an increasingly accelerating and complicating civil turnover accompanied by the information revolution, legal and technical substantive approaches to the category of originality (as a synonym for creativity) as a common and only prerequisite for the protection of works by copyright and the continental copyright system have gradually begun to converge. At the same time, domestic judicial practice still unreasonably ignores the doctrine of substantial similarity of works based on the presumption of originality. The author proposes an authentic classification of disputes concerning the originality of works, the basis of which is the number of objects involved in the dispute.The author builds a coordinate system, the criterion of which is the degree of change of the original work: identical copying — non-identical copying — processing — free creation of another original work. At the same time, the author emphasizes that a copy, even significantly different from the original, does not cease to be a copy. In legal terms, identical and non-identical copying constitutes reproduction that requires the consent of the author or copyright holder of the original work. A necessary sign of processing is the purpose of the author of the changes to expand the possibilities of using the original work; processing also requires the consent of the author or copyright holder with respect to the original work. Non-identical copying and reworking should be distinguished from creating a new work using an unprotected content of the original authentic work.

Conclusion

Cyberspace offers immense benefits and opportunities as well as considerable threats and hazards. It is routinely exploited by a variety of adversaries, aggressors, and predators: hostile states; political extremists and terrorists; businesses practising commercial espionage and theft; individuals and criminal organizations undertaking financial fraud and trafficking in people, armaments, and narcotics; and individual so-called ‘nuisance’ hackers. The efficient and effective response to these threats and hazards is what cybersecurity is all about. The idea that cybersecurity could also have a larger, more comprehensive, and progressive goal might seem to some to be fanciful: an unrealistic and other-worldly response to the very real possibility of encountering substantial harm in and from cyberspace. Yet, the threat/response dynamic, compelling though it is, is surely not all there is to say about cybersecurity: it should be possible for cybersecurity to have a larger goal than the endless pursuit of (defensive) advantage over an adversary. If cyberspace can be valued as much as feared, then the broader purpose of cybersecurity could be not only to disable threats as they arise but also to enable the positive opportunities offered by the information revolution. Cybersecurity must also address the ordering (i.e. safety, security, and governance) of nothing less than a global digital ecosystem that is taking shape rapidly and beneficially, at every level and in every field of human activity. It is both possible and necessary to combine both perspectives—protection from and progress towards—in one account, as this Handbook of Cybersecurity has shown.

Opportunity, Threat, and Dependency in the Social Infosphere

The technological revolution outlined in the previous chapter has unleashed a social upheaval. If a suite of machines came to be so central in global and national social order, as well as in our personal lives, how does that affect our security? Bearing in mind that we are only at the dawn of the cyber age, what will the future hold? This chapter gives an overview of the profound impact of the information revolution on human welfare for better and for worse, from the individual and community levels to the national and international levels. The chapter begins with some insight into how philosophers have viewed these questions. It then looks at how leading actors have responded to the opportunities and threats. The chapter’s most important single theme is the issue of dependency, arguably the most ignored security aspect of the information age.