Gay Liberation, ‘1968’, and the Alternative Left

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-124
Author(s):  
Craig Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Spatial Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Gay Liberation ◽  
The West ◽  
German Student ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
Ambivalent Relationship ◽  
Alternative Spaces ◽  
Second Wave

This chapter explores the ambivalent relationship between gay liberation and ‘1968’. First, the chapter delves into the sexual politics of the West German student movement, before analysing the subsequent links between homosexual politics, second-wave feminism, and the 1970s alternative left. This alternative left provided not just ideological influences but also a space for gay liberation. The chapter therefore explores not just the political connections but also the textual and spatial context of this alternative left. Gay activists were often less preoccupied by the Öffentlichkeit, the wider public sphere, than by the left-alternative Gegenöffentlichkeit, the counter-public, with its sprawling network of independently produced papers and zines, alongside its alternative spaces: bars, bookshops, housing, and theatre collectives. After exploring the hitherto little acknowledged queer participation in this counter-public, the chapter examines the efforts of gay activists to gain recognition from sought-after leftist partners, which culminated in gays characterizing themselves as victims of fascism.

Jewish Women's Studies

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tal Ilan
Keyword(s):  
Women's Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jewish Studies ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Society ◽  
The West ◽  
Women’S Studies ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Similar Development

Women's studies, as a discipline within Jewish studies, is relatively new. It appeared in the 1970s, in the wake of a similar development within other fields of academia particularly in the United States — a move that was later to be designated ‘second-wave feminism’. The question of women's status within Judaism, as within any human society is not new. In Jewish sources, it is as old as the story of creation in the first chapters of Genesis, with the description of woman's secondary creation and her implication in the original sin and fall from grace. The human condition has always been one in which women are subordinated to men, and most written cultures have produced documents justifying this condition. Only over the last 200 years has this truism come under criticism, particularly in the cultures of the West, with the advent of ideas about humanism, equality, and democracy.

scholarly journals Modern Rape-Revenge Movies and Shelley’s The Cenci

k ta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Sahar Jamshidian ◽  
Fazel Asadi Amjad
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Legal System ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Female Victim ◽  
Prometheus Unbound ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
The Face ◽  
Traditional Pattern ◽  
Second Wave

Viewing Shelley’s The Cenci from the political upheavals of the nineteenth century would limit one’s response to the play to the issues of that century. However, this play continues to be played in the twenty first century, which makes one wonder how a modern spectator with a feminist inclination might react to the theme of rape and revenge. The Cenci shares with a number of movies flourishing with the rise of the second wave feminism during the 1970s, the theme of a female victim transformed into a hero-avenger, who takes law into her own hands and avenges herself in the face of a dysfunctional legal state. As revisions of the archetypal narratives of violation-revenge-violation, these modern movies have been praised for depicting heroines who are no longer powerless, miserable and victimized, but strong enough to avenge themselves with impunity. Though The Cenci repeats the traditional pattern of violation-revenge-violation, it focuses on the corruption and irresponsibility of the patriarchal legal system as well as its reformation, which have been neglected by both mythical narratives and modern rape-revenge movies. By reading The Cenci along with William Blake’s “Visions of the Daughters of Albion” and Shelley’s “Prometheus Unbound,” we examine how The Cenci challenges the modern rape-revenge movies and how Beatrice could have used her agency and her anger in a more effective way to fight against tyranny. 

Sangre sin Revolución

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S. Manley
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
The Many ◽  
Second Wave

Chapter 6 addresses the ways in which many Dominican activists interrogated the role of Balaguer’s government in the regulation of individual’s women’s lives and families and challenged many of its violent, dictatorial tendencies. Refuting the regime’s argument for a “revolution without blood,” many women described the government’s agenda to national and inter-American audiences as “blood without revolution” and continued to mobilize within the opposition through the discourse of motherhood and family. However, the chapter also looks at the many cracks developing in the discourse of maternalism that, coupled with an ever-deepening awareness of the tools and tactics of international second-wave feminism, pushed many women to challenge a model of political participation that constructed their roles in the political arena merely as nurturers and caretakers.

1975 The Year of Women

Making Waves ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Diana Holmes ◽  
Imogen Long
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Student Movement ◽  
The Political ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cultural Themes ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Wave

The relationship between 1970s French radical feminists (the MLF) and Françoise Giroud, the first ‘Minister for Women’ in France, was a difficult one. Second-wave feminism in France was grounded in the contestation of the status quo, in the wake of the 1960s student movement out of which some of the groups emerged. Being part of the political establishment was therefore in itself an anathema to some second-wave feminists, as can be seen, for example, by satirical feminist films mocking Giroud’s role and her interventions. Through the prism of 1975, officially declared ‘International Women’s Year’ by the United Nations, this chapter explores the key campaigning and cultural themes of the MLF and their relationship to Giroud’smore reformist and, arguably, impossible task as Minister for Women.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. LB. Twarog
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Second Wave

The introduction traces the involvement of working-class housewives in political action from the 1930s as their involvement in cost of living protests, such as meat boycotts, led to a complicated involvement in organized political action. Tracing the entrance of these women into the political sphere through the emergence of the conservative right, it argues that as housewives negotiated the intersection of their homes, labor, community, and the marketplace, they formed a unique political constituency group in the twentieth century, which failed to find cohesion with the second-wave feminism in the 1970s, which dismissed domestic politics that these women were engaged in because it was rooted in the traditional family model, viewed with suspicion by works like Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique. This left a distinctive form of activism to pave the way for conservative women’s movement made famous by anti-feminist icon Phyllis Schlafly and the conservative watch group the Eagle Forum.

Explaining Social Movement Outcomes

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Franceschet
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Women's Movements ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Opportunity Structure ◽  
Political Opportunity ◽  
Opportunity Structure ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
Action Frame ◽  
Second Wave

This article compares the outcomes of first- and second-wave feminism in Chile. The author argues that the double-militancy strategy of second-wave feminists emerged out of shifts in the political opportunity structure that led the movement to adapt its collective action frame. First-wave feminists had constructed a gender frame that depicted women as apolitical. In a context in which political parties were class based and saw little need to address women’s issues, neither the gender frame nor the political opportunity structure invited a double-militancy strategy. The context for second-wave activists was different. The politicization of women’s maternal identities altered the meaning of the maternal gender frame. Because the prodemocracy parties needed the support of women’s movements (and female voters), they invited women’s participation. Thus, the political opportunity structure and a more politicized gender frame encouraged a double-militancy strategy, ultimately leading to the realization of some of the movement’s goals.

scholarly journals User Errors: Reason, (Xeno)-Feminism and the Political Insufficiency of Ontology

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Ben Woodard
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
Vexed Question ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Wave

This paper revisits elements of second wave feminism—in its psychoanalytic, radical, materialist, Marxist and deconstructionist aspects—the better to understand how it is we might define sexual difference today. The vexed question of sexuation, of what it means to be a woman in particular has today generated great tensions at the theoretical, legal and philosophical level. This paper is an attempt to return to aspects of the second wave—an unfinished project where many enduring feminist concerns were for the first time thoroughly and metaphysically articulated—the better to defend the importance of sexual difference. To this end, the transcendental and parallax dimensions of sexed life will be discussed, alongside a defence of the centrality of the mother to our thinking about the relevance and necessity of preserving the importance of sexual difference, not only for thought but also for political and legal life. Author(s): Ben Woodard  Title (English): User Errors: Reason, (Xeno)-Feminism and the Political Insufficiency of Ontology Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020) Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje Page Range: 54-68 Page Count: 15 Citation (English): Ben Woodard, “User Errors: Reason, (Xeno)-Feminism and the Political Insufficiency of Ontology,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 54-68. Author Biography Ben Woodard, Independent Researcher Ben Woodard is an independent scholar living in Germany. His work focuses on the relationship between naturalism and idealism during the long nineteenth century. He is currently preparing a monograph on the relation of naturalism and formalism in the life sciences. His book Schelling’s Naturalism was published in 2019 by Edinburgh University Press.

Making Waves

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Political History ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
The Political ◽  
Feminist Politics ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Wave

French feminisms were central to the theory and culture of Second Wave feminism as an international movement, and 1975 was a key year for the women’s movement in France. Forty years on, this book offers a critical review of the political activism and the cultural creativity of that moment, from the perspective of both preceding and subsequent ‘waves’ of feminism. It explores the importance and the legacies of 1975, and their strengths and limitations as new questions and new conjunctures have come into play. Edited and written by an international collective of feminist scholars, the book represents both a critical re-evaluation of a vital moment in women’s cultural and political history - and a new analysis of the relationship between Second Wave agendas and contemporary feminist politics and culture.

Ovid's Presence in Contemporary Women's Writing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Cox
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Third Wave Feminism ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Classical Reception ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
Mary Zimmerman ◽  
Marie Darrieussecq ◽  
Gender Boundaries ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
New Phase

This monograph explores an understudied aspect of classical reception—the extraordinary response to Ovid on the part of contemporary women writers. To date, work on classical reception has focused predominantly upon the second-wave feminism preoccupations of recovering the silenced female voices and establishing a woman’s perspective within canonical works. This monograph extends this work by examining the intersections between Ovid’s imaginative universe and the political and aesthetic agenda of third-wave feminism. Ovid enters a new phase of feminism which emphasizes the imperatives of social responsibility and democratization of learning, while also exploring the fluidity of gender boundaries and the ways in which new virtual universes have modified our attitudes to both sexuality and fame. Authors selected for particular case studies include A. S. Byatt, Ali Smith, Marina Warner, Yoko Tawada, Alice Oswald, Saviana Stanescu, Mary Zimmerman, Jo Shapcott, Marie Darrieussecq, Josephine Balmer, Averill Curdy, Clare Pollard, Michèle Roberts, and Jane Alison. Through an analysis of the novels, memoirs, short stories, poems, plays, and translations/adaptations of these writers, Cox opens up the field of classical reception to third-wave feminism, while also casting new light upon the extraordinary plasticity of Ovid’s writing and the acuity of his psychological imagination.

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