Characteristics of Downslope Wind Storms in the View of the Typical Atmospheric Boundary Layer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrvoje Kozmar ◽  
Branko Grisogono
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Wind Engineering ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Atmospheric Physics ◽  
Downslope Wind ◽  
Engineering Standards ◽  
Wind Storms

There is a clear need to learn more about the exact characteristics of downslope wind storms in order to accurately address relevant topics in environmental aerodynamics and wind engineering. In particular, the characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer are well known and provided in international standards and textbooks; however, further work is required to elucidate characteristics of downslope wind storms and make these characteristics available in a form suitable for engineering applications. While downslope wind storms have been successfully addressed in the meteorology, climatology, and geophysics communities, the focus of those groups is quite different from the focus in wind engineering; that is, the existing data on characteristics of downslope wind storms are of marginal relevance for engineering applications. It is therefore the scope of this chapter to provide a critical review of the state of the art on characteristics of those local and unique winds in comparison with the typical atmospheric boundary layer. It is expected that this work will encourage a more detailed codification of those winds. Another important goal is to enhance an interdisciplinary collaboration among the meteorology, geophysics, and engineering communities because it is shown in this chapter that the current wind engineering standards do not entirely keep up with the atmospheric physics of downslope wind storms.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT FOR STUDYING OF THE ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-39
Author(s):  
I.A. Repina ◽  
M.I. Varentsov ◽  
D.G. Chechin ◽  
A.Yu. Artamonov ◽  
N.E. Bodunkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Atmospheric Physics ◽  
Obukhov Institute ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Measurement Campaigns

The article is devoted to various aspects of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for the study of the atmospheric boundary layer. The characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer, measured using the UAV, are considered. The types of devices and measuring systems used are presented. The characteristics of measuring systems installed on a fixed-wing aircraft and copter UAVs developed in the A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS (IAP RAS) are presented. A brief overview of a number of the IAP RAS measurement campaigns is given. The prospects of using UAV in meteorology and atmospheric physics are considered

The Effect of Boundary Conditions on Simulation of Horizontally Homogeneous Atmospheric Boundary Layer

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 4490-4494
Author(s):  
Xiang Long Yang ◽  
Zhong Wei Huang ◽  
Lei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Periodic Boundary ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Wind Engineering ◽  
Turbulent Dissipation ◽  
Constant Static Pressure

The Influence of six kinds of combinations of different boundary conditions on the maintenance of homogeneity of atmospheric boundary layer in computational wind engineering was investigated. The inlet condition was applied by either prescribing velocity and turbulent quantities or using a periodic boundary. The top boundary condition includes symmetry, prescribing velocity and turbulent quantities, constant static pressure and applying driving shear stress. Numerical results show that the stream-wise velocity and the turbulent dissipation rate are almost immune to boundary conditions, but the turbulent kinetic energy is affected by boundary conditions dramatically. Best maintenance can be obtained by using periodic boundary condition at inlet and outlet and applying driving shear stress on the top of the domain.

Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Kaimal ◽  
J. J. Finnigan
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Turbulence ◽  
Wind Engineering ◽  
Underlying Surface ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Boundary Layer Flows ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Agricultural Meteorology

Boundary layer meteorology is the study of the physical processes that take place in the layer of air that is most influenced by the earth's underlying surface. This text/reference gives an uncomplicated view of the structure of the boundary layer, the instruments available for measuring its mean and turbulent properties, how best to make the measurements, and ways to process and analyze the data. The main applications of the book are in atmospheric modelling, wind engineering, air pollution, and agricultural meteorology. The authors have pioneered research on atmospheric turbulence and flow, and are noted for their contributions to the study of the boundary layer. This important work will interest atmospheric scientists, meteorologists, and students and faculty in these fields.

scholarly journals Mount Kenya Global Atmosphere Watch Station (MKN): Installation and Meteorological Characterization

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 2946-2962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Henne ◽  
Wolfgang Junkermann ◽  
Josiah M. Kariuki ◽  
John Aseyo ◽  
Jörg Klausen
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Convective Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Convective Boundary ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Downslope Wind

Abstract The meteorological conditions at the Mount Kenya (station identifier MKN) tropical Global Atmosphere Watch Programme station are described. Like other stations in mountainous terrain, the site experiences thermally induced wind systems that disturb free tropospheric conditions. Therefore, the adequacy of the site for long-term background atmospheric composition measurements needs to be evaluated. Meteorological parameters for the period June 2002–June 2006 were analyzed, focusing on the development of thermally induced wind systems and boundary layer influence. Filters based on the local wind and day–night differences in specific humidity were developed for selection of times representative of undisturbed free tropospheric conditions. In addition, the convective boundary layer depth was evaluated. Throughout the whole year the station is influenced by thermally induced wind systems and the atmospheric boundary layer. The filters distinguished between thermally and synoptically influenced days. Thermally influenced days (86%) dominated. However, maxima in specific humidity were also reached in the afternoon on synoptically influenced days and were attributed to mixing in the convective boundary layer. During nighttime, downslope wind dominated that carries undisturbed free tropospheric air masses. Nevertheless, during 24% of all nights the specific humidity was also elevated, possibly indicating the presence of residual layers. It is recommended that nighttime data only (2100–0400 UTC) be used for analysis of long-term trends of the free tropospheric background while the remaining data can be used to characterize composition and trends of the regional atmospheric boundary layer. Further exclusion of apparent pollution events and residual layer influence should be considered. With these constraints, the Mount Kenya Global Atmosphere Watch site is adequate for the study of trends and budgets of background atmospheric composition.

scholarly journals Organized roll circulation and transport of mineral aerosols in the atmospheric boundary layer

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
N. V. Vazaeva ◽  
O. G. Chkhetiani ◽  
L. O. Maksimenkov
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Significant Source ◽  
Atmospheric Physics ◽  
Mineral Aerosols ◽  
Arw Model ◽  
Roll Circulation

Investigation of roll circulations and its transport characteristics in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is carried out. The case study in Kalmykia, 28 of July, 2007, where the equipment measurements have been conducted by A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, is analyzed with the use of WRF-ARW model. The evolution of the circulation with considerable asymmetry in the positive and negative velocity and helicity components is registered. The rolls is sign out by the intensification of the dust picking up and accumulation from underlying terrain, and along with intensive vortices with vertical axis become the significant source of atmospheric pollutants. Captured fine aerosols can be transported by long distances and form the aerosol layers.

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