Diplomacy, the State Department, and National Security

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Cloud ◽  
Damian Leader
Keyword(s):  
Career Paths ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Foreign Service ◽  
Multilateral Diplomacy

This chapter explains the history and role of diplomacy in advancing U.S. interests. The State Department is discussed as the primary actor in American diplomacy. The rise of multilateral diplomacy in the 20th century is examined along with the continued applicability of bilateral approaches. The State Department’s role in forming and implementing policy, in coordination with other government agencies, is outlined as well as its role in development assistance, consular affairs, and public diplomacy. The increased role of transnational issues, including human rights, religious freedom, arms control, and nonproliferation is outlined. The structure, funding and career paths of Foreign Service officers is examined, and the increasing use of diplomats alongside the U.S. military in combat zones in recent decades. The chapter highlights the limited resources that the United States commits to diplomacy when compared with military activities.

4 South Africa: Can U.S. Policies Influence Change?

Worldview ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Robert Conway
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Major Part ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Honest Broker ◽  
The U.S

U.S. policies can play a major part in influencing change in South Africa, but before this can occur there is much faulty thinking to correct. Traditional academic commentary on the matter prescribes for the U.S. the role of honest broker; indeed, the State Department often categorizes its own role in such terms. This is a myth that must be exploded immediately. The United States has too much at stake in the area; it can't pretend to be neutral or play the role of a third party mediator. It is a major partner.

Public Report of the Advisory Committee on “Foreign Relations,” 1961

1962 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 518-523
Author(s):  
Leland M. Goodrich
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Report ◽  
The Fantastic ◽  
Post War

At its fourth meeting in November, 1960, the Committee had recognized that Foreign Relations was “faced with a crisis of major proportions.” Taking note of “the fantastic expansion of materials in the archives of the State Department during the war and post-war years, an expansion which reflects the enlarged role of the United States in world affairs,”

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-210
Author(s):  
Philip Nash
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Host Country ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Foreign Service ◽  
The Us ◽  
Made In

This chapter has two parts. First, it summarizes the Big Six’s contributions. Their small numbers belied their gradually broadening assignments, and their strong performances and people’s diplomacy greatly enhanced host-country goodwill toward the United States. Moreover, they aided in changing the attitudes of male officials and thus helped pave the way for the greater gender progress in more recent decades. Second, the chapter assesses the progress women have made in the US Foreign Service since 1964. While female Foreign Service Officers and ambassadors are far more numerous now, official discriminatory policies have mostly ended, and women have now routinely reached the highest positions in the State Department, they still are greatly underrepresented in prestige posts, face misogyny and double standards, and have a long way to go before they achieve gender equality in diplomacy.

The United States and the Rise of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez

1971 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Grieb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
American Politics ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Central American ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
The Military

The militarycoup d'étatwhich installed General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez as President of El Salvador during December 1931 created a crisis involving the 1923 Washington Treaties. By the terms of these accords, the Central American nadons had pledged to withhold recognition from governments seizing power through force in any of the isthmian republics. Although not a signatory of the treaty, the United States based its recognition policy on this principle. Through this means the State Department had attempted to impose some stability in Central America, by discouraging revolts. With the co-operation of the isthmian governments, United States diplomats endeavored to bring pressure to bear on the leaders of any uprising, to deny them the fruits of their victory, and thus reduce the constant series ofcoupsandcounter-coupsthat normally characterized Central American politics.

scholarly journals Uniola paniculata (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Unioliinae), nuevo registro para la flora de la Península de Yucatán, México

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Alexis Tovar-Montalvo ◽  
Monserrat Medina-Acevedo ◽  
Miguel Angel García-Bielma ◽  
Jesús Jaime Guerra-Santos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Uniola Paniculata ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sea Grass ◽  
The Caribbean

Resumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: La avena de mar, Uniola paniculata, se distribuye en el Caribe, los Estados Unidos de América y México. El objetivo de este trabajo es reportar su presencia y registro en el estado de Campeche, México. Métodos: Se colectaron ejemplares de la familia Poaceae creciendo en una duna frontal al suroeste del estado de Campeche, específicamente en la Isla del Carmen. Las colectas fueron procesadas y herborizadas, para su conservación e identificación.Resultado clave: Con la identificación de ejemplares, y después de hacer una revisión de su distribución, se registra por primera vez la presencia de Uniola paniculata (Poaceae) en la Península de Yucatán, representando una contribución al conocimiento florístico de la región y a la flora de México.Conclusiones: Esta especie solo había sido reportada para la costa del Golfo de México, en los estados de Tamaulipas, Veracruz y Tabasco. Este registro adquiere relevancia por el papel ecológico de este pasto en las dunas costeras.Palabras clave: avena de mar, conocimiento florístico, dunas costeras, flora de Campeche.Abstract: Background and Aims: The oat sea grass, Uniola paniculata, is distributed in the Caribbean, the United States of America and Mexico. The aim of this work is to report its occurrence and record in the state of Campeche, Mexico.Methods: Individuals of the family Poaceae were collected growing in a coastal dune in the southwest of the state of Campeche, particularly on the Isla del Carmen. The collections were processed and herborized for their conservation and classification.Key results: With the individuals’ identification and after reviewing its distribution, this is the first report of the presence of Uniola paniculata (Poaceae) on the Yucatan Peninsula, representing a contribution to the floristic knowledge of the region and the flora of Mexico.Conclusions: This species had only been reported from the coast of the Gulf of Mexico in the states of Tamaulipas, Veracruz and Tabasco. This record is relevant because of the ecological role of this oat sea grass in the coastal dunes.Key words: Campeche flora, coast dunes, floristic knowledge, sea oat.

scholarly journals Pakistan-French Relations in the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Ruslan Prohorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Public Organization ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Traditional Area ◽  
Political Economic

The article discusses the political, economic and cultural cooperation of Pakistan with France in the twenty-first century. Attention is drawn to a peculiar bias towards France in the frequency of political and diplomatic visits by representatives of Pakistan. Due to the fact that France is a traditional donor of the Pakistani economy, attention is drawn to the desire of the parties to increase the role of public diplomacy in the development of trade and economic relations. Meanwhile, France is Pakistan’s long-standing export partner, one of the top ten countries in which Pakistan exports its goods. The importance of developing such areas of cooperation as energy and transport is emphasized. Military-technical cooperation is singled out as a traditional area of cooperation between Pakistan and France. The role of France in the creation and development of the naval forces of Pakistan is indicated. The complicated relations between countries on the issue of nuclear cooperation are shown. The article also discusses security issues, namely, current bilateral documents, joint efforts to combat terrorism, and there gime of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons are presented. Interaction in the field of culture is presented on the example of the work of the three centers of the French public organization Alliance de Frances. Separately, attention is drawn to the interaction of state structures of the two countries regarding the return of relics illegally exported from Pakistan. In conclusion, it is concluded that Pakistan’s orientation towards France is quite justified, since this European state has always been friendly to it, is powerful in its economic potential and resources, and the development of relations with this country does not conflict with the orientation towards the United States.

scholarly journals Plantando nos campos do inimigo: japoneses no Brasil na Segunda Guerra Mundial

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Quintaneiro
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Key Words ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
Japanese Immigrants ◽  
Commercial Networks ◽  
Economic Warfare

Durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, os Estados Unidos valeram-se das Listas Negras para eliminar as redes comerciais e as empresas vinculadas aos países do Eixo que atuavam nas repúblicas americanas. Este artigo analisa a política de guerra econômica aplicada no Brasil, especificamente com relação às cooperativas dos imigrantes japoneses, e a estratégia do governo Vargas para lidar com as pressões exercidas pelas autoridades do Departamento de Estado norte-americano. Abstract During World War II, the United States used the Proclaimed List of Certain Blocked Nationals as an instrument to eliminate the commercial networks and the companies associated to Axis countries operating in the American Republics. This article analyses the policy of economic warfare applied in Brazil, specifically in relation to the cooperatives of Japanese immigrants and the strategy of the Vargas government to deal with the pressures exercised by the State Department. Palavras-chave: Brasil. Imigrantes japoneses. Listas Negras. Key words: Brazil. Japanese immigrants. Proclaimed Lists.

Foreign Language Offerings and Enrollments in Public High Schools

PMLA ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 70 (4-Part2) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Public High Schools ◽  
Foreign Language Teachers ◽  
State Department Of Education

The Accompanying table gives the most recent data obtainable on the extent to which foreign languages are offered and studied in public secondary schools in the United States. The last national survey was made by the U. S. Office of Education in 1948–49, and comparisons are made with the results of this survey to show the subsequent gain or loss in each state for which more recent figures could be obtained. For some states the data are incomplete because the state department of education does not know, and apparently does not care to find out, what the pupils in the high schools are currently studying. In seventeen states, the information existed only on reports filed by each high school, and it was assembled through the help of foreign language teachers who went to the state department of education and spent days tabulating the reports.

China Granted MFN Status (…Again)

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Bilateral Relationship

Good afternoon. I am very pleased to welcome Vice Premier Qian Qichen to the State Department. We are meeting again, so soon after my February trip to Beijing, and I think that that indicates the high importance that the United States and China attach to our bilateral relationship.

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