From Punk to Poser: T-Shirts, Authenticity, Postmodernism, and the Fashion Cycle

Author(s):  
Monica Sklar ◽  
Mary Kate Donahue

The graphic T-shirt is a highly nuanced, multifaceted garment, communicating both a personal style and a greater symbolism. This article analyzes the use of punk rock imagery on graphic T-shirts both as a form of an identity marker for the wearer and as a call to authenticity. A survey of open-ended short questions, as well as interviews, were performed with a random sample of individuals from the punk community, retailers that merchandise products to that scene, and others who wear the garments associated with the style. With origins in the late 1960s, graphic T-shirts are often associated with music and subculture; more specifically, band T-shirts ubiquitously communicate several social meanings. Traditionally, band T-shirts were purchased at a concert or directly from a member of the musical group. Today, mass-market retailers are laden with their own designs of famous band T-shirts and other graphic T-shirts. With this increased access to punk-style band T-shirts, more consumers are finding meaning in these garments. Thus, there are three main groups of people who wear punk T-shirts—the Lifestyle Wearer, the Semi-Adopter, and the Design Wearer. While all three wearers have individual motives for wearing the punk T-shirt, the debate over authenticity often rears its head. Wearer intention and viewer perception impact the functionality and social communication of the garment. Despite its widespread presence in the fashion cycle, the punk T-shirt remains meaningful to those who are active in the subculture.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Vanina Belén Canavire

Resumen En un contexto de medicalización de la vida cotidiana y disciplinamiento de los cuerpos, se torna apremiante preguntarnos qué ocurre con las percepciones colectivas y las prácticas en salud, particularmente en las poblaciones latinoamericanas con culturas sanitarias ancestrales. En este marco, aquí proponemos el análisis de las representaciones sociales sobre los “itinerarios terapéuticos locales”, desde la mirada disciplinar de la Comunicación Social, en tanto espacio simbólico donde se generan los procesos de producción y circulación de significaciones sociales. Para ello, ponemos a consideración tres argumentos. El primero presenta al subcampo de la Comunicación y Salud, y las problemáticas que allí convergen. Bajo ese arco teórico, abordamos a la Salud intercultural y a la Comunicación para el cambio social como posibles herramientas intelectuales para reflexionar sobre las distintas “maneras de curar”. El segundo argumento refiere a la posibilidad de pensar a los discursos en torno a los conocimientos y recursos terapéuticos tradicionales, como parte del patrimonio cultural intangible de una población. Atendiendo a los conflictos que conllevan los procesos de patrimonialización, es central que se busque abordar los patrimonios locales en toda su complejidad, lejos de miradas escencializantes que hacen de la diversidad una exotización. El tercero plantea la necesidad de indagar en las formas particulares –convivencia, mixtura, invisibilización– que adopta la articulación entre los saberes locales ancestrales y los saberes vinculados a prácticas terapéuticas funcionales a la globalización cultural. Sin dudas, el estudio de los discursos, narrativas y procesos de construcción social de la salud puede revelar uno de los tantos rostros mestizos que delinea la interacción entre lo local y lo global. Mestizo faces: a communication proposal for the study of ancestral therapeutic itineraries in Latin America Abstract In a context of medicalization of daily life and the disciplining of bodies, it becomes urgent to ask what happens with collective perceptions and practices in health, particularly in Latin American populations with ancestral health cultures. In this framework, here we propose the analysis of social representations about "local therapeutic itineraries", from the disciplinary perspective of social communication, as a symbolic space where the processes of production and circulation of social meanings are generated. For this, we put three arguments into consideration. The first presents the subfield of Communication and Health, and the problems that converge there. Under this theoretical framework, we approach Intercultural Health and Communication for social change as possible intellectual tools to reflect on the different "ways of healing". The second argument refers to the possibility of thinking about discourses around traditional knowledge and therapeutic resources, as part of the intangible cultural heritage of a population. Attending to the conflicts that involve the processes of patrimonialization, it is essential to seek to address the local heritage in all its complexity, far from essential looks that make diversity an exoticism. The third raises the need to investigate particular forms –convival, mixture, invisibility– that the articulation between ancestral local knowledge and knowledge linked to functional therapeutic practices to cultural globalization. Undoubtedly, the study of discourses, narratives and processes of social construction of health, can reveal one of the many mestizo faces that delineates the interaction between the local and the global. Rostos mestiços: uma proposta de comunicação para o estudo de itinerários terapêuticos ancestrais na América Latina Em um contexto de medicalização do cotidiano e de disciplinamento dos corpos, torna-se urgente perguntar o que acontece com as percepções e práticas coletivas em saúde, particularmente nas populações latino-americanas com culturas ancestrais de saúde. Nesse contexto, aqui propomos a análise das representações sociais sobre "itinerários terapêuticos locais", a partir da perspectiva disciplinar da Comunicação Social, como um espaço simbólico onde são gerados os processos de produção e circulação de significados sociais. Para isso, colocamos três argumentos em consideração. A primeira apresenta o subcampo de Comunicação e Saúde e os problemas que convergem para lá. Sob este referencial teórico, abordamos a Saúde Intercultural e a Comunicação para a mudança social como possíveis ferramentas intelectuais para refletir sobre as diferentes "formas de cura". O segundo argumento refere-se à possibilidade de se pensar discursos em torno de conhecimentos tradicionais e recursos terapêuticos, como parte do patrimônio cultural intangível de uma população. Atendendo aos conflitos que envolvem os processos de patrimonialização, é essencial buscar abordar o patrimônio local em toda a sua complexidade, longe de olhares essenciais que fazem da diversidade um exotismo. A terceira suscita a necessidade de investigar formas particulares - conciliação, mistura, invisibilidade - que adota a articulação entre conhecimento local ancestral e conhecimento vinculado às práticas terapêuticas funcionais à globalização cultural. Sem dúvida, o estudo de discursos, narrativas e processos de construção social da saúde pode revelar uma das muitas faces mestiças que delineiam a interação entre o local e o global.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-514
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Hwa-Froelich ◽  
Hisako Matsuo

Purpose Pragmatic language is important for social communication across all settings. Children adopted internationally (CAI) may be at risk of poorer pragmatic language because of adverse early care, delayed adopted language development, and less ability to inhibit. The purpose of this study was to compare pragmatic language performance of CAI from Asian and Eastern European countries with a nonadopted group of children who were of the same age and from similar socioeconomic backgrounds as well as explore the relationship among emotion identification, false belief understanding, and inhibition variables with pragmatic language performance. Method Using a quasi-experimental design, 35 four-year-old CAI (20 Asian, 15 Eastern European) and 33 children who were not adopted were included in this study. The children's pragmatic language, general language, and social communication (emotion identification of facial expressions, false belief understanding, inhibition) were measured. Comparisons by region of origin and adoption experience were completed. We conducted split-half correlation analyses and entered significant correlation variables into simple and backward regression models. Results Pragmatic language performance differed by adoption experience. The adopted and nonadopted groups demonstrated different correlation patterns. Language performance explained most of the pragmatic language variance. Discussion Because CAI perform less well than their nonadopted peers on pragmatic communication measures and different variables are related to their pragmatic performance, speech-language pathologists may need to adapt assessment and intervention practices for this population.


2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1916-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Yuan ◽  
Christine Dollaghan

Purpose No diagnostic tools exist for identifying social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SPCD), a new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition category for individuals with social communication deficits but not the repetitive, restricted behaviors and interests (RRBIs) that would qualify them for a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We explored the value of items from a widely used screening measure of ASD for distinguishing SPCD from typical controls (TC; Aim 1) and from ASD (Aim 2). Method We applied item response theory (IRT) modeling to Social Communication Questionnaire–Lifetime ( Rutter, Bailey, & Lord, 2003 ) records available in the National Database for Autism Research. We defined records from putative SPCD ( n = 54), ASD ( n = 278), and TC ( n = 274) groups retrospectively, based on National Database for Autism Research classifications and Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised responses. After assessing model assumptions, estimating model parameters, and measuring model fit, we identified items in the social communication and RRBI domains that were maximally informative in differentiating the groups. Results IRT modeling identified a set of seven social communication items that distinguished SPCD from TC with sensitivity and specificity > 80%. A set of five RRBI items was less successful in distinguishing SPCD from ASD (sensitivity and specificity < 70%). Conclusion The IRT modeling approach and the Social Communication Questionnaire–Lifetime item sets it identified may be useful in efforts to construct screening and diagnostic measures for SPCD.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
P. Charlie Buckley ◽  
Kimberly A. Murza ◽  
Tami Cassel

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of special education practitioners (i.e., speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers) on their role as communication partners after participation in the Social Communication and Engagement Triad (Buckley et al., 2015 ) yearlong professional learning program. Method A qualitative approach using interviews and purposeful sampling was used. A total of 22 participants who completed participation in either Year 1 or Year 2 of the program were interviewed. Participants were speech-language pathologists, special educators, para-educators, and other related service providers. Using a grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967 ) to data analysis, open, axial, and selective coding procedures were followed. Results Three themes emerged from the data analysis and included engagement as the goal, role as a communication partner, and importance of collaboration. Conclusions Findings supported the notion that educators see the value of an integrative approach to service delivery, supporting students' social communication and engagement across the school day but also recognizing the challenges they face in making this a reality.


2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1139-1155
Author(s):  
Jenny M. Burton ◽  
Nancy A. Creaghead ◽  
Noah Silbert ◽  
Allison Breit-Smith ◽  
Amie W. Duncan ◽  
...  

Purpose The purpose of this study was to characterize social communication and structural language of school-age girls with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) compared to a matched group of girls who are typically developing (TD). Method Participants were 37 girls between 7;5 and 15;2 (years;months)—18 HF-ASD and 19 TD. Children completed the Test of Pragmatic Language–Second Edition (TOPL-2) and Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition. Parents completed the Children's Communication Checklist–2 United States Edition (CCC-2) and Receptive and Expressive Communication subdomains of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–Second Edition. Results In the area of social communication, girls with HF-ASD earned significantly lower scores and were more often classified as having an impairment on the TOPL-2 and the CCC-2. However, 28% and 33% earned average scores on the TOPL-2 and the CCC-2, respectively. In the area of structural language, no significant differences were found between groups on Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition indexes. In contrast, girls with HF-ASD earned significantly lower scores and were more often classified as having an impairment on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–Second Edition. Sixty-one percent and 83% scored below average on the Receptive and Expressive Communication subdomains, respectively. Conclusions It has been argued that girls with HF-ASD, when compared to boys with HF-ASD, may have advantages for social communication and structural language that mask their impairments. However, when compared to girls who are TD, girls with HF-ASD demonstrated impaired social communication and structural language. Clinicians should include and carefully examine multiple sources of information when assessing girls with HF-ASD.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1767-1775
Author(s):  
Martha S. Burns

Purpose Adolescence is a period of substantial neurophysiological and behavioral growth, representing a second sensitive period of brain development. It is a psychological and social transition period between childhood and adulthood with many beneficial changes occurring, especially with respect to potential responsiveness to clinical intervention. However, adolescent behavioral complexities introduce clinical challenges as well. The purpose of this review article is to review the current neuroimaging research on neurophysiological changes observed during adolescence and the cognitive and social behavioral counterparts, with specific attention to the clinical implications. The review article will then summarize currently available intervention tools that can be utilized by speech-language pathologists working with this population. It will conclude with available evidence-based social-communication approaches that may be applicable as well as available evidence-based supplemental technological cognitive interventions that may be useful in working with adolescents who exhibit language and communication issues. Conclusion As a transition period between childhood and adulthood, adolescence represents a second sensitive period during which there is opportunity for clinically derived beneficial cognitive and communication growth.


2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Siva priya Santhanam

Adults on the autism spectrum, despite having received intervention throughout their childhood and adolescence, continue to experience challenges with everyday social interactions, forming and maintaining relationships, and social abilities needed in work settings. This article presents a case example of a 22-year-old adult with Asperger syndrome, and highlights the issues in providing intervention for highly able young adults on the autism spectrum. A unique feature of this report is the inclusion of the client's own insights into his experiences, perspectives, and challenges with the intervention. The approaches used to address his social communication and organizational needs are outlined, and clinical implications discussed.


2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-120
Author(s):  
Amy Thrasher ◽  
Jennifer Wilger ◽  
Matthew Goldman ◽  
Catharine Whitlatch

Abstract The Perspectives program is a unique collaborative social communication intervention for adolescents with Asperger's syndrome and similar learning profiles. Clinicians use radio interviews as the vehicle to explicitly teach the process of social communication. Social skill objectives are addressed through this process approach, which was adapted from the framework of Social Thinking (Winner, 2002)


Author(s):  
R. Robert Huckfeldt ◽  
John Sprague
Keyword(s):  

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