Global South Youth Studies, Its Forms and Differences among the South, and between the North and South

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence M. Batan ◽  
Adam Cooper ◽  
James E. Côté ◽  
Alan France ◽  
Terri-Ann Gilbert-Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Global South ◽  
The South ◽  
Youth Studies ◽  
The North ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Global North ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Localized Knowledge ◽  
North And South

This essay comprises reflections of scholars in and originating from the Global South, plus some comments from Northern scholars, forming an integrated dialogue. It focuses on the development of youth studies in Africa, Latin America, parts of Asia, and the Caribbean, illuminating how youth studies in, from, and for the South emerge as a result of struggle—to get recognition, to theorize beyond dominant Northern frameworks, and state-led developments, and to be heard. Paradoxically, youth studies from the South are strongly influenced by the work of Northern scholars. Despite these influences, Northern ideas struggle to grasp local contexts and conditions and consequently there is a need for more localized knowledge and theorizing to make sense of young people’s lives outside the Global North. The reflections provide a reminder that struggles over the meaning and situation of youth, within particular contexts, are highly political.

Decolonising cities of the global South in the classroom and beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-552
Author(s):  
Astrid Wood
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Colonial Literature ◽  
The South ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
North And South

In the post-colonial context, the global South has become the approved nomenclature for the non-European, non-Western parts of the world. The term promises a departure from post-colonial development geographies and from the material and discursive legacies of colonialism by ostensibly blurring the bifurcations between developed and developing, rich and poor, centre and periphery. In concept, the post-colonial literature mitigates the disparity between cities of the North and South by highlighting the achievements of elsewhere. But what happens when we try to teach this approach in the classroom? How do we locate the South without relying on concepts of otherness? And how do we communicate the importance of the South without re-creating the regional hierarchies that have dominated for far too long? This article outlines the academic arguments before turning to the opportunities and constraints associated with delivering an undergraduate module that teaches post-colonial concepts without relying on colonial constructs.

Communication and the Global South

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Ashwell ◽  
Stephen M. Croucher
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Global South ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Alternative Development ◽  
The South ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The North ◽  
Global North ◽  
A Site ◽  
Development Trajectories

The Global South–North divide has been conceptualized in political, cultural, economic, and developmental terms. When conceptualizing this divide, issues of economic growth/progress, technology, political and press freedom, and industrialization have all been used as indicators to delineate between the “North” and the “South.” The North has traditionally been seen as more economically, technologically, politically, and socially developed, as well as more industrialized and having more press freedom, for example; the South has been linked with poverty, disease, political tyranny, and overall lack of development. This conceptualization privileges development efforts in the Global South based on democratic government, capitalist economic structures with their attendant neoliberal agenda and processes of globalization. This negative view of the South is a site of contest with people of the South offering alternative and more positive views of the situation in the South and alternatives to globalization strategies. While there may be some identifiable difference between some of the countries in the identified Global South and Global North, globalization (economic, political, technological, etc.) is changing how the very Global South–North divide is understood. To best understand the implications of this divide, and the inequalities that it perpetuates, we scrutinize the Global South, detailing the background of the term “Global South,” and examine the effect of globalization upon subaltern groups in the Global South. We also discuss how academic research using frameworks of the Global North can exacerbate the problems faced by subaltern groups rather than offer them alternative development trajectories by empowering such groups to represent themselves and their own development needs. The culture-centred approach to such research is offered as alternative to overcome such problems. The terms usage in the communication discipline is also explained and the complexity of the term and its future is explored.

DOES THE GLOBAL NORTH STILL DOMINATE WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZING? A NETWORK ANALYSIS FROM 1978 TO 2008*

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie M. Hughes ◽  
Pamela Paxton ◽  
Sharon Quinsaat ◽  
Nicholas Reith
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Women's Movements ◽  
International Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Organizational Membership ◽  
The North ◽  
Exchange Information ◽  
Global North ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
North And South ◽  
Over Time

Over the last century, women increasingly transcended national boundaries to exchange information, build solidarity, and bring change. Accounts suggest that as women's international presence expanded, the types of women who participated also shifted. During the first wave of women's movements, White Western women dominated, but over time women of the Global South increasingly organized themselves. Yet we do not know whether North-South inequalities in women's organizational membership have diminished. We collect longitudinal network data on 447 women's international nongovernmental organizations (WINGOs) and use visual tools and network measures to explore changes in the network structure from 1978 to 2008. Results suggest (1) WINGOs—while increasing in frequency—are not connecting to greater numbers of countries, (2) the North/South split in WINGO memberships does not change over time, (3) significant power differences between the North and South persist, and (4) substantial inequalities in WINGO memberships within the Global South also exist.

Career Development Theories from the Global South

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Afonso Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Global South ◽  
Intercultural Dialogue ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global North

The career development field has produced theories from the Global North that have been imported and applied in the Global South countries. These theories were developed in different socioeconomic and cultural contexts than those of the Global South, which can generally be characterized by vulnerability and instability. Theories and practices must be contextualized if they are to be of assistance to the users of career development services. This chapter has two aims. First, by means of an intercultural dialogue proposal, it discusses the need to contextualize theories to assist people with their career issues and foster social justice. Second, it presents career theories and practices produced in the Global South (Latin America, Africa, and developing countries of Asia) and discusses their potential as an alternative to expand the mainstream career development theories from the North. Such theories can be understood as a Southern contribution to the social justice agenda.

Inter-State Competition and Transnational Capitalists across the North-South Divide: Different Strategies, New Configurations of Power

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Quark ◽  
Kristen Hopewell ◽  
Elias Alsbergas
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Global South ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
The North ◽  
Global North ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
North And South ◽  
Inter State

Abstract Existing research emphasizes the rise of new coalitions of states from the global South, such as the BRICS, on one hand, and the rise of a transnational capitalist class on the other. Yet only a small body of work has considered how transnational capitalists shape, and are shaped by, inter-state competition. Research neglects explicitly comparative inquiries: do transnational capitalists in the global North and the global South interact with inter-state competition differently? This article analyzes two cases in which transnational firms in the global North and South attempted to shape state institutions at domestic and international levels to strengthen trade liberalization. We argue that, while firms in the global North and South increasingly share preferences for trade liberalization, the way in which these firms pursue that goal is shaped by their historical relationship to the institutions of U.S.-led hegemony. Transnational firms in the global South seek to foment inter-state competition in order to decenter U.S. leadership, while their counterparts in the North seek to minimize and accommodate inter-state competition to preserve U.S. leadership and their own private authority. Both the North and the South are contributing to the geographical re-centering of institutional power in the world economy.

To the Richest Go the Spoils? Immigration, Development, and the North-South Divide, 1970–2005

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-292
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global South ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Global North ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

This paper empirically assesses, for the first time, the relationship between immigration and national economic development in both the global North and the global South. A series of panel models demonstrate that immigration exacerbates North-South inequalities through differential effects on average per capita incomes in the global North and global South. Immigration has positive effects on average incomes in both the North and the South, but the effect is larger in the global North. Thus the relationship between immigration and development evinces a Matthew Effect at the world level: by contributing to differential levels of economic development in the North and South, immigration widens international inequalities in the long term, resulting in the accumulation of advantage in the North. The implications of the results are discussed in the context theory and policy on the migration-development nexus.

Inter-American Development Bank assistance for forest conservation and management in Latin America and the Caribbean

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Keipi
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
The North ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Extractive Reserves ◽  
North And South

Latin America and the Caribbean have more than half of the world's tropical forests. The rate of deforestation is high: some 7.5 million ha of forest disappear yearly. Central America and Mexico have the highest rates of deforestation; 1.6% of the remaining forests are being destroyed annually.The Inter-American Development Bank has analyzed the causes of deforestation and launched actions that contribute to curbing it both directly and indirectly. The actions include helping the countries to set appropriate sectoral and macroeconomic policies in order to remove factors that cause degradation of natural resources. The Bank has long been a financial resource deployer but it is gaining importance also as a resource mobilizer. The total IDB forestry-related loan funding amounts to some US$ 843 million for programs with a total cost of US$1980 million during the past 20 years.The Bank has been a strategic investor in highly visible projects such as the creation of parks and extractive reserves in the Amazon. It has provided financing to protect and manage some 4.7 million ha of existing forests sustainably. It is an important source of financing for recovering deforested areas through agroforestry investments and reforestation especially in degraded watersheds, but also in the context of coastal resources management and urban greening. The total reforestation goal for Bank financed projects is some 0.8 million ha.The Bank also finances other actions that are essential to proper protection and management of forest resources such as land use zoning studies, forest resource inventories, research, environmental education and institution building. Total Bank nonreimbursable technical cooperation financing was US$31 million for 72 projects during the last 15 years.There is a need to create an atmosphere of collaboration between the North and South in natural resource management and environmental matters. The IDB has been quite successful in this role through organizing new commissions for cooperation and a tradition of consultations in the region. It is maintaining transparency through its information disclosure policy that helps make information on the environmental aspects of bank programs available to interested parties. The Bank is promoting public participation in the design and execution of programs that it finances. Key words: International financing, deforestation, sustainability, Latin America, The Caribbean

scholarly journals Torn between Two Worlds: Unsettled Sense of Place and Belongingness between Old and New Homelands during a Global Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suborna Camellia
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Global South ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Recent Immigrants ◽  
Elderly Parents ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Global North ◽  
North And South

Growing evidence from countries in the global North and South indicates that a disproportionately high number of migrants are being physically and emotionally, economically and socially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This suggests that the everyday experiences of living in the time of a global pandemic is not the same for everyone. There is an emerging scholarship that argues that to understand the dissimilar impacts of COVID-19 on migrants, it is necessary to take into account their specific social situations across diverse contexts. Reflecting critically on our experiences of living through the pandemic as first-generation aspirational immigrants in Australia, in this paper we highlight the struggles and vulnerabilities in the time of COVID-19 specific to the context of newly arrived immigrants from the global South to the North. We will discuss how our senses of place and belongingness between old and new homelands have become unsettled as we endeavour to make our new home in Australia while at the same time managing caring responsibilities for our elderly parents in our old homeland, Bangladesh, a country that has largely failed to ensure care for elderly people during this pandemic. The anxieties of losing loved ones to COVID-19 in Bangladesh combined with the growing insecurities of making a foothold in the shrinking labour market in Australia have become part of our everyday lives. As we juggle and struggle between the two homes, we increasingly recognise that people with multiple belongingness, particularly recent immigrants from the global south, might experience unique vulnerabilities that warrant attention of researchers, practitioners and policymakers.

Global and Globalizing Cities from the Global South: Multiple Realities and Pathways to Form a New Order

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-337
Author(s):  
Parsa Arbab
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Global South ◽  
Global City ◽  
New Order ◽  
Multiple Realities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Global North

Abstract The global city order has been changed and reconstructed during the past two decades by the rising of global or globalizing cities in developing and emerging economies in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This transition has been dominated by the current global city label with reference to the prime and paradigmatic cases and hegemonic and monopolistic measures from the North. However, achieving a general set of uniform and convergent results is a barren probability, and has led to the underestimation of the local contexts, implications and probabilities. So, it will be challenging to explore the evidence of the globalization of cities in developing countries, and to explain the concepts and meanings of the global positions and functions for their vision and development. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the neglected realities and pathways for reconceptualizing the global city theory by shift from the Global North to the Global South.

A Southern Charter for a Global Youth Studies to Benefit the World

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharlene Swartz
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Global South ◽  
The South ◽  
Youth Studies ◽  
The North ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
The Many

This essay reflects on the process of developing a handbook that foregrounds Southern perspectives on youth life-worlds, and does so by realigning theory, praxis, and justice. It applies the principles of self-reliance, solidarity, self-knowledge and a move from subordination to interdependence as described in the 1990 report of The South Commission, led by Julius Nyerere, to youth studies scholars from the Global South. Taking seriously the South Commission’s injunction that responsibility for change rests with those from the South who need to recreate their relationship with the North in order to make a global rather than parochial contribution, it describes the aims of the handbook and the many challenges experienced in producing it. Among these challenges are the difficulty Southern scholars have in producing theory, the precarity of their lives, the invisibility of much existing Southern scholarship, and the importance of communities of practice within the South and between the South and North. It concludes by offering a charter for remaking youth studies from one that universalizes Northern perspectives into a truly global youth studies, one that is enriched by, and welcomes the contribution of Global South scholars on their own terms.

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