Assessing 30 Years of Neoliberal Environmental Management in Chile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javiera Barandiarán
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Mutual Accountability

Neoliberal environmental policies operate through markets, including for carbon, water, ecosystem services, or—as in contemporary Chile—for environmental scientific knowledge. Chile illustrates how markets for science operate, such as for monitoring data or environmental impact assessments, and their negative impacts on public trust in science and on the state’s regulatory efforts. In a society governed by a market for science, environmental scientists cannot escape the suspicion that conflicts of interest compromise their independence and the credibility of their work. Chile’s neoliberal 1980 Constitution sustains this market for knowledge but will be reformed following national demonstrations in 2019. The health of Chile’s environment depends on a new constitution that democratizes both democracy and science. Rights of nature doctrines, as in Ecuador’s 2008 Constitution, can provide the constitutional foundation for strong mutual accountability between science, the state, society, and nature.

scholarly journals Dialogues between social and natural sciences: contribution to the debate on socio-environmental conflicts

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2335-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Milanez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mining Projects ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Strong Candidate ◽  
Social Environmental

ABSTRACT In this article, I argue that attempting to solve real problems is a possible approach to bring social and natural sciences together, and suggest that - as Environmental Impact Assessment necessarily brings together social and environmental issues - this debate is a strong candidate for such a task. The argument is based on a general discussion about the possibilities and limitations of Environmental Impact Assessments, the social-environmental impacts of mining activities and three case studies. The analysis of the cases indicates possibilities and limitations of the dialogue between scientists from various areas - and of the collaboration with social movements and affected communities - in avoiding negative impacts of mining projects and, eventually, increasing their sustainability.

scholarly journals Can forests buffer negative impacts of land-use and climate changes on water ecosystem services? The case of a Brazilian megalopolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 248-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Ferreira ◽  
Arnout van Soesbergen ◽  
Mark Mulligan ◽  
Marcos Freitas ◽  
Mariana M. Vale
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Negative Impacts

scholarly journals Linkage of Sustainability to Environmental Impact Assessment Using Ecosystem Services Concept; Lessons from Thailand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanokporn Swangjang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Environmental Impact Statements ◽  
Mitigation Hierarchy ◽  
Health Impact Assessments

Abstract Ecosystem Services (ES) could support Environmental Assessments (EAs) purpose towards sustainable approaches. This study systematically analyzed the ES contents of Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) to ascertain whether they addressed appropriate data that could be used as a tool for sustainable project implementation. Three levels of EISs including Environmental Health Impact Assessments (EHIA), Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA), and Initial Environmental Examinations (IEE) were analyzed. The results indicated that the quality of EISs which reflect the ES depended primarily on the project type. Relationships among ecological, social and economic components, based on land use consideration were crucial to consider the supply of resources and the demands made by the project. However, indirect effects, especially residual and cumulative impacts and alternative evaluations were lacking. Mitigation and monitoring specifications were satisfied, but could not guarantee the efficiency of project control due to lacking of mitigation hierarchy. The weakness of ecological impact analysis directly concerned biodiversity compensation, which links to net loss and net gain in ecosystem.The possibility of ES integration in EAs was reflected by the limitations and opportunities detailed in the content which was finally developed.

scholarly journals Annual Nationwide Eco-Efficiency Assessment of Japanese Municipalities Based on Environmental Impact and Gross Regional Product

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Yamasaki ◽  
Toshiharu Ikaga ◽  
Norihiro Itsubo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Monetary Unit ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
The Relationship

It is important for enterprises to decide their environmental policies after carefully examining their future paths based on the relationship between the environment and the economy. This study focused on Japanese minimum administrative divisions (municipalities) and attempted to quantify the annual environmental efficiency of production activities within each division according to the theory of life-cycle impact assessment (LCIA). This study leverages the assessment theory LIME2, which is an endpoint-type LCIA method developed in 2010 that integrates environmental loads for certain impact categories, such as global warming and land use into a simple indicator by monetary unit. First, annual environmental impact assessments were conducted for all Japanese municipalities based on statistical information that was reliable, verifiable, and comparable. Next, the environmental efficiency of productivity for each division was conceptualized by dividing the gross domestic product by the environmental damage amounts as calculated above. Assessment results for each municipality were placed on a map of Japan in order to visualize the regionality of each indicator. The findings revealed in this study will aid public administrators in their decision-making process with respect to environmental policies.

scholarly journals Geospatial Technology In Environmental Impact Assessments – Retrospective.

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Laxmi Goparaju
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Right ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Environmental Impact Assessments are studies conducted to give us an insight into the various impacts caused by an upcoming industry or any developmental activity. It should address various social, economic and environmental issues ensuring that negative impacts are mitigated. In this context, geospatial technology has been used widely in recent times. The present study wishes to bring forth certain discrepancies detected while analyzing an Environmental Impact Assessment study of a proposed thermal power plant in Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. If proper analysis is not done then the impacts are under estimated or over estimated. Thus, a proper understanding of the area under study and various techniques of analyzing satellite remote sensing data is required to achieve successful impact assessments which lead us in the right direction.

Finale Ökosystemleistungen als Wohlfahrtsindikatoren | Final ecosystem services as welfare indicators

2010 ◽  
Vol 161 (9) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Staub ◽  
Walter Ott
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
The Other ◽  
Welfare Indicators ◽  
National Welfare ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Individual ◽  
National Environmental

Existing environmental indicators focus primarily on the environmental impact of the economy and society. On the other hand, welfare measurement is largely restricted to the contribution that consumer goods make to our prosperity. The purpose of new environmental indicators is to show the contribution to national welfare made by ecosystem services that complement economic reporting and serve as an additional basis for national environmental and resource policies. Within the scope of a feasibility study, a new concept for the identification of “final” ecosystem services – ecosystem services that generate a direct effect on the population's welfare – was tested. The concept involves the listing and operationalisation of relevant final ecosystem services and the benefits they generate for the population in an inventory. The indicators developed in this way were tested for their validity, comprehensibility, usability, feasibility and compatibility. It showed that while they permit statements to be formulated on the effect on welfare made by ecosystem services, their validity for other issues associated with ecosystem services is restricted. Their contribution for environmental policies thus lies, in particular, in problem recognition and the setting of strategic goals. While the concept proves to be feasible, the demarcation of the individual services as well as their implementation based on already available data is challenging. On the basis of this analysis, work is currently taking place on an initial inventory of final ecosystem services for Switzerland.

scholarly journals Priority areas in municipality planning: ecosystem services, environmental impact assessments and research areas

One Ecosystem ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. e9869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Palo ◽  
Karen Lagercrantz ◽  
Torleif Bramryd ◽  
Michael Johansson ◽  
Thomas Beery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments

scholarly journals The Use of LCA Method to Assess Environmental Impact of Sewage Sludge Incineration Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-275
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Wielgosiński ◽  
Robert Cichowicz ◽  
Agata Targaszewska ◽  
Jacek Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Sludge Incineration ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is one of the new, little more popular in Poland of elements of environmental management. In the world literature one can find many examples of the use of LCA but mainly for comparison purposes. The paper presents results of LCA analysis made on the basis of data from a running incineration of sewage sludge. Performing a thorough analysis of this process enables improved operational system, including through a better use of the resulting products of combustion, as well as determining the impact of the thermal treatment of sludge on the environment and compared the results with data from the literature. To date, in Poland has not been carried out environmental impact assessments and the process of thermal treatment of both sludge and waste, based on the assumptions of LCA.

"ARE WE THERE YET?" ASSESSING THE CONTRIBUTION OF INSPIRE TO EIA AND SEA STUDIES

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250005 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAX CRAGLIA ◽  
LARA PAVANELLO ◽  
ROBIN S. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Environmental Assessments ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Access Problems ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The One

This paper reports the findings of a survey in 2009 of European practitioners who face problems related to accessing and using spatial data when preparing reports for Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEAs). The survey was designed to be comparable to the one undertaken in 2002–03 and reported by Vanderhaegen and Muro (2005). The 2009 survey showed that problems persist and additional costs to practitioners due to data access problems were at least €150 million p.a. in Europe, providing evidence for the need for ongoing investment in the INSPIRE Directive, which aims to support spatial and environmental data-sharing for EIA/SEA studies as well as other environmental policies. The survey also indicated that although EIA and SEA reports now take less time and are, on average, cheaper to prepare, the variability of their quality is still of concern.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document