Coordination for the European Union

2020 ◽  
pp. 192-209
Author(s):  
Mads Dagnis Jensen ◽  
Peter Nedergaard
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Coordination System ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

The Danish EU coordination system is set up to secure a consensus-oriented and consistent positioning of Denmark in the EU decision-making process. It was established in connection with Danish membership in 1973, but it has roots that go further back. Over time, the Danish coordination system has undergone changes with increased decentralization to the sectoral ministries, through parliamentarization, and via increased transnationalization with linkages to the administrations in the EU and other EU member states. The system secures that the negotiators have a high degree of credibility in the eyes of other delegations, and it ensures a high score when it comes to implementation of EU legislation in Denmark. However, it also has some disadvantages. The key coordination lens in the form of the European Affairs Committee of the Danish Parliament is overloaded, and it is often involved too late in the Brussels negotiations. All in all, the Danish EU coordination system corresponds to the way the Danish political system works in other venues.

scholarly journals The political system of European Union after European Parliament Election of 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Andrii Martynov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Political System ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The politics of the European Union are different from other organizations and states due to the unique nature of the EU. The common institutions mix the intergovernmental and supranational aspects of the EU. The EU treaties declare the EU to be based on representative democracy and direct elections take place to the European Parliament. The Parliament, together with the European Council, works for the legislative arm of the EU. The Council is composed of national governments thus representing the intergovernmental nature of the European Union. The central theme of this research is the influence of the European Union Political system the Results of May 2019 European Parliament Election. The EU supranational legislature plays an important role as a producer of legal norms in the process of European integration and parliamentary scrutiny of the activities of the EU executive. The European Parliament, as a representative institution of the European Union, helps to overcome the stereotypical notions of a “Brussels bureaucracy” that limits the sovereignty of EU member states. The European Parliament is a political field of interaction between European optimists and European skeptics. The new composition of the European Parliament presents political forces focused on a different vision of the strategy and tactics of the European integration process. European federalists in the “European People’s Party” and “European Socialists and Democrats” consider the strategic prospect of creating a confederate “United States of Europe”. The Brexit withdrawal from the EU could help the federalists win over European skeptics. Critics of the supranational project of European integration do not have a majority in the new composition of the European Parliament. But they are widely represented in many national parliaments of EU Member States. The conflicting interaction between European liberals and far-right populists is the political backdrop for much debate in the European Parliament. The result of this process is the medium term development vector of the European Union.

Obywatelstwo i obywatelskość w Unii Europejskiej

2014 ◽  
pp. 44-67
Author(s):  
Monika Poboży
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Status ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
Formal Status ◽  
The Eu

Celebration of the 20th anniversary of the EU citizenship in 2013 was a good occasion for reflection on this institution. Has anything changed during this period in the status of European citizens and their role in the EU’s political system? Do they have opportunities to participate in the European decision-making process and to influence the European law and the direction of the EU’s development? Is the EU citizenship only a symbolic project that brings no added value? Can it be called “citizenship”? The article is devoted to answering these questions. The institution of the EU citizenship was analysed in two aspects: 1) citizenship as formal status connected with some rights and 2) civilness as mechanisms that guarantee participation in decisions on the future of a political community. The conclusion is that after 20 years the importance of the EU citizenship has been significantly increased, but only on declarative level – in the wording of treaties and institutional acts. However, this change has not caused the factual increase of citizen participation in the shaping of the European Union politics. It is the effect of a discrepancy on the EU level between citizenship as formal status and civilness as real empowerment of individual in the political system.

scholarly journals Coalition of states for influence in the European Council. Brexit - a step towards decisional balance in the European Council?

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Gavrilov Doina
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
European Council ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe EU decision-making process is one that has changed over time with the Treaties, with the extension, modification of EU policies and the areas where the EU is acting. In addition to the above, in 2016 we have one more reason to add to the changing of the decisional process “-Brexit”- a political turnaround that stimulates new changes at the decision-making level and raises questions about the future of the European Union. Federalists claim that these events will lead to a strengthening of the Union, and euro-skeptics claim that this is a step towards breaking the Union. Two years after the Brexit started, the European Union continues to remain a prominent actor in the international arena, but another question is being raised: “Will EU institutions act on the same principles? Or will there be changes in the decision-making process?”. In this article, we will analyse the state coalitions in the decision-making process, and the role of Brexit in forming coalitions for establishing a decisional balance in the European Council. Following the analysis of the power rapport in the European Council, we refer to small and medium-sized states that work together closely to counterbalance the decisions of the big states, and the new coalitions to achieve their goals in the new political context.

11. Social Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 254-274
Author(s):  
John Bachtler ◽  
Carlos Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Judicial Decision Making ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Over Time

Social policy in the European Union (EU) is characterized by a fundamental puzzle: integration has happened despite member-state opposition to the delegation of welfare competences. While the policy has developed in small and modest steps, over time, this has led to a considerable expansion of the policy remit. Negative integration pushed by judicial decision-making is often regarded as a main driver for social integration. Positive integration through EU legislation is, however, just as defining for EU social policy, and politics is very evident when EU member states negotiate social regulation. More recently, the policy has been marked by deep politicization.

scholarly journals Electronic Identification for Universities: Building Cross-Border Services Based on the eIDAS Infrastructure

Information ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Berbecaru ◽  
Antonio Lioy ◽  
Cesare Cameroni
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Electronic Transactions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
Academic Services ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) Regulation 910/2014 on electronic IDentification, Authentication, and trust Services (eIDAS) for electronic transactions in the internal market went into effect on 29 September 2018, meaning that EU Member States are required to recognize the electronic identities issued in the countries that have notified their eID schemes. Technically speaking, a unified interoperability platform—named eIDAS infrastructure—has been set up to connect the EU countries’ national eID schemes to allow a person to authenticate in their home EU country when getting access to services provided by an eIDAS-enabled Service Provider (SP) in another EU country. The eIDAS infrastructure allows the transfer of authentication requests and responses back and forth between its nodes, transporting basic attributes about a person, e.g., name, surname, date of birth, and a so-called eIDAS identifier. However, to build new eIDAS-enabled services in specific domains, additional attributes are needed. We describe our approach to retrieve and transport new attributes through the eIDAS infrastructure, and we detail their exploitation in a selected set of academic services. First, we describe the definition and the support for the additional attributes in the eIDAS nodes. We then present a solution for their retrieval from our university. Finally, we detail the design, implementation, and installation of two eIDAS-enabled academic services at our university: the eRegistration in the Erasmus student exchange program and the Login facility with national eIDs on the university portal.

scholarly journals LEGAL BASIS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION INFLUENCE ON THE VIRTUAL ASSETS MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
O.I. Kulyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
The Eu

The article analyses the legal basis of the European Union (EU) influence on the virtual assets market. It was found that the current EU legislation on the virtual assets is still full of legal gaps and does not ensure proper market regulation because of the early stage of its development. The absence of a unanimous position regarding the virtual assets market regulation forces the EU Member States to apply their own, sometimes contradictory, approaches to market regulation. It disaffirms the basic principles of the European Singe Market functioning, in particular the free movement of goods and services. It was found that according to the current EU legislation, virtual assets may be qualified as payment tokens, investment tokens and utility tokens. Payment tokens may be considered as electronic money or funds. They are covered by the Directive (EU) 2009/110 and the Directive (EU) 2015/2366. For the purposes of anti-money laundering, virtual assets may also be classified as virtual currencies under the Directive (EU) 2018/843. Investment tokens may be qualified as transferable securities or other financial instruments and will therefore fall within the scope of the Directive (EU) 2014/65. Utility tokens are not covered by EU legislation for now. Instead of merely addressing issues and challenges of virtual assets, the European Commission took a broader approach to the future development of the virtual assets market in the EU, and adopted on 24.09.2020 a new Digital Finance Package. At the core of the mentioned Digital Finance Package are the legislative proposals for an EU regulatory framework on virtual assets. This includes the proposal for a Regulation on Markets in Crypto-assets (MiCA) which is designed to provide a comprehensive bespoke regulatory framework for virtual assets in the EU. It was substantiated that MiCA is an ambitious EU legislative project that responds to an urgent policy need. However, further substantial revision of its detailed provisions will be necessary to provide a comprehensive regulatory framework of the EU influence on the virtual assets market.

Nous Sommes Charlie: Discussing the EU Reaction to the Growing Risk of Terrorist Attacks

Global Jurist ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Capone
Keyword(s):  
War On Terror ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Era ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Additional Layer ◽  
The Us ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Eu

AbstractIn the aftermath of the deadly attacks occurred in France at the beginning of 2015 the European Union has faced an unprecedented wave of terrorism which has led to the adoption of new measures set up to counter the increasing risk of further offences. Terrorism is not new on the EU agenda, in particular since 2001. Several EU Member States have been directly involved in the US “war on terror”, triggered by the 9/11 attacks. In the following years the tragic events occurred in Madrid and London have urged the EU to design a comprehensive counter-terrorism strategy, which is based on four pillars i. e. prevention, protection, pursuit and response. The terrorist attacks carried out in January 2015 have marked the beginning of a new era in the struggle against terrorism and have prompted the adoption of a new policy, based on enhancing citizens’ security, prevention and international cooperation, which added an additional layer to the EU strategy already in place. Despite the immediate response, a few months later Paris and the whole Europe have suffered from an even more dreadful attack, which led to question the effectiveness of the newly adopted approach. In light of the current developments, this contribution has a twofold purpose.

scholarly journals POLITICAL BUDGET CYCLES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION – POST-COMMUNIST HERITAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Michał Wielechowski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political System ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Budget Cycles ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Budget Cycles

We test the hypothesis that post-communist history affect election cycles in the European Union countries. We show that pre-election fiscal manipulation increase total public spending per capita by 1.9% and three specific spending categories, i.e. general public services, public order and safety, and economic affairs in Central and Eastern Europe democracies with post-communist roots. At the same time we observe no significant spending deviations in remaining EU Member States, except expenditure linked to environmental protection. Our results indicate cross-country heterogeneity of political budget cycles (PBCs) in the EU, conditional on political system history.

Political aspects of security of the European Union Member States

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kusztykiewicz-Fedurek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Political Security ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Eu

Political security is very often considered through the prism of individual states. In the scholar literature in-depth analyses of this kind of security are rarely encountered in the context of international entities that these countries integrate. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to key aspects of political security in the European Union (EU) Member States. The EU as a supranational organisation, gathering Member States first, ensures the stability of the EU as a whole, and secondly, it ensures that Member States respect common values and principles. Additionally, the EU institutions focus on ensuring the proper functioning of the Eurozone (also called officially “euro area” in EU regulations). Actions that may have a negative impact on the level of the EU’s political security include the boycott of establishing new institutions conducive to the peaceful coexistence and development of states. These threats seem to have a significant impact on the situation in the EU in the face of the proposed (and not accepted by Member States not belonging to the Eurogroup) Eurozone reforms concerning, inter alia, appointment of the Minister of Economy and Finance and the creation of a new institution - the European Monetary Fund.

The Southern Gas Corridor infrastructure project – implications for the energy security of the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Justyna Misiągiewicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Infrastructure Project ◽  
The Eu

Nowadays, energy security is a growing concern in state foreignpolicy. Interdependency in the energy field is a very important dimensionof contemporary relations between states and transnational corporations.Energy security is becoming a key issue for the European Union (EU). TheUnion is one of the world’s fastest-growing energy markets and the biggestimporter of energy resources. For the foreseeable future, Europe’s energydependence will probably increase. Facing a shortage of energy, Europe isdependent on imports and the EU member states need to diversify their energysupplies. The Caspian region contains some of the largest undevelopedoil and gas reserves in the world. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, thenewly independent Caspian states became open to foreign investment. Thegrowing energy needs have given the EU a strong interest in developing tieswith energy-producing states in the Caspian region to build the necessarypipeline infrastructure. In this analysis, the pipeline infrastructure that exists orwill be built in the near future will be presented. The analysis will concentrateon routes transporting gas from the Caspian region and the most importantproblems and solutions in designing the midstream energy system in the region.The key aim of the article is to analyse the Southern Gas Corridor (SGC)infrastructure project, which will inevitably contribute to the EU’s energy securityinterest.

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