Ship Abandonment

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Richards
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Marine Insurance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Functional Transformations

Ship abandonment relates to the transfer of vessel possession and is at the core of marine insurance classification. This article explores the theme of ship abandonment in two sections—classification of abandonment activities and behaviors, and the history of ship abandonment studies by maritime historians and archaeologists. The history of ship abandonment is presented in the form of case studies in this article. Ship graveyards contain a high concentration of wrecked vessels and are also called ship traps. There are two types of ship graveyards, the first, where vessels are deliberately abandoned in situations like war, and the second, where unwanted vessels are dumped. Ship abandonment is a cycle of abandonment of one function for the adoption of another. These changes involve structural and functional transformations. This article emphasizes the fact that ships are objects abounding with the qualities of particular cultures, as well as the maritimity of culture.

“The Art or Mystery of Physick” – Asante Medicinal Plants and the Western Ordering of Botanical Knowledge

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 27-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom C. McCaskie
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
West African ◽  
Tabular Form ◽  
The West ◽  
Global Expansion ◽  
The Core ◽  
Botanical Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Longue Duree

Abstract:This paper deals with aspects of the still relatively neglected history of African medicinal plants. The core of the paper is a discussion in tabular form of the plants collected in the West African forest kingdom of Asante in 1817 by Henry Tedlie, a member of the well known English mission led by Thomas Bowdich. More generally, the paper considers episodes in the accumulation of Akan, Asante, and African plant specimens by Europeans, and the eventual classification of these in a western authorized botanical taxonomy that is now in worldwide use. The gathering of potentially medicinal plants is a little studied facet of European global expansion, from exploration to colonialism and beyond, and of the sovereign scientific orthodoxy that became established alongside it. The paper frames and discusses relevant details of this process over thelongue durée, from pre-Linnaean taxonomies to current controversies over bioprospecting.

scholarly journals Is Art History of China Useless in a Pandemic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng He Schöneweiß
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Art History ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Chinese Art ◽  
Life Crisis ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Core ◽  
Chinese Studies ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
History Of

The study of Chinese art has long been a specialised field bridging the disciplines of art history and Chinese studies. This essay challenges, as always in a real-life crisis, the usefulness of art history of China in the current Covid-19 pandemic. The agency of art historians is put under the historiographical grill. Through two brief case studies, the essay argues that art historians, though as mortal and fragile, are actually professionally equipped to strike the core consequences of the pandemic in its social, political, and cultural aspects.

scholarly journals ON THE PROBLEM OF METHODOLOGY OF STUDYING AND CLASSIFICATION OF MINERAL DEPOSITS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-301
Author(s):  
R. G. Iblaminov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Genetic Classification ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
The Core ◽  
Modeling Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
History Of

The modeling methodology is considered, and the static models that reflect the state of objects at the time of studying are analyzed. Based on these data, genetic retrospective models are constructed taking into account the modern data. They reflect the history of the processes that led to the formation of deposits. Models characterize the morphology, mineral and chemical composition of mineral bodies, conditions of occurrence, and features of surrounding rocks. Theoretical approaches and the content of modern genetic classification of mineral deposits are the core basis of knowledge about the geology of deposits. It is linked to the classification of igneous and metamorphic rocks described in the petrographic code, as well as to the modern lithology. Classification is necessary to systematize the entire variety of natural mineral objects, the origin of which is often ambiguous. It creates the basis for a unified approach to all natural objects that exist in the Earth's interior. The conditions for the formation of endogenous, exogenous and metamorphogenic deposits are considered. Endogenous objects are divided into three groups: magmatic, metasomatic, and hydrothermal. Among the exogenous, the sedimentogenetic, diagenetic, and catagenetic ranks are highlighted. Metamorphic deposits contain dynamothermal, regional-metasomatic, and migmatite classes, as well as thermal, dislocation, and impact metamorphism classes. Examples of typical deposits are given.

scholarly journals Metaphors as models: Towards a typology of metaphor in ancient science

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Humar
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Conceptual Frame ◽  
Ancient Science ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
Models In Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Understanding Of Science ◽  
Structural Aspects

AbstractMetaphors play a crucial role in the understanding of science. Since antiquity, metaphors have been used in technical texts to describe structures unknown or unnamed; besides establishing a terminology of science, metaphors are also important for the expression of concepts. However, a concise terminology to classify metaphors in the language of science has not been established yet. But in the context of studying the history of a science and its concepts, a precise typology of metaphors can be helpful. Metaphors have a lot in common with models in science, as has been observed already. In this paper, therefore, I suggest a typology of metaphor in ancient science to fill this terminological gap by using concepts applied to the classification of models in science, as coined by Rom Harré. I propose to differentiate between homeoconceptual metaphors (with the same conceptual frame between source and target) and paraconceptual metaphors (mapped via a different conceptual frame). Furthermore, functional and structural aspects of metaphors in ancient science are taken into account. Case studies from ancient texts displaying metaphors in ancient science are presented and classified following the outlined typology of metaphors.

The Sangha in Buddhist History

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
D. N. De L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of

Of all the distinctive features of the Buddhist religion, one of the most neglected is the sangha. Scholars give much attention to the study of texts and commentaries, the analysis of doctrines and the classification of schools. But the core of the Buddhist religion is the sangha, the community of bhikkhus around whose corporate life the religion is moulded. It is the existence and structure of the sangha which has shaped the history of Buddhism, enabled it to take root in new countries, and given it the customs and rituals which have made it a religion rather than a small sect.

The State of Cooperatives in Rural Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-163
Author(s):  
Ndwakhulu Stephen Tshishonga
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
South African ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Cooperative Movement ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rural Africa ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the relationship between the rural development and cooperative movement and the implications of such a relationship in terms of addressing socio-economic challenges in Africa and still upholding the cooperative ideals, principles, and values. The chapter starts off by conceptualising cooperatives followed by the evolution of cooperatives in Africa with specific focus on opportunities and challenges faced by cooperative enterprises in addressing socio-economic challenges in rural Africa. A brief history of selected case studies such as Ghanaian and Kenyan cooperative movements are highlighted. The historical account is followed by an overview of cooperative movement in the context of South Africa. In addition, lessons are drawn from selected cases for South African cooperative movement and finally the concluding remarks. This chapter makes use of case studies as the core research method.

Women, Citizenship, and Sexuality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Hawthorne
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
National Belonging ◽  
The Core ◽  
Gay Male ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Natalie Barney ◽  
Expatriate Women

Until well into the twentieth century, the claims to citizenship of women in the US and in Europe have come through men (father, husband); women had no citizenship of their own. The case studies of three expatriate women (Renée Vivien, Romaine Brooks, and Natalie Barney) illustrate some of the consequences for women who lived independent lives. To begin with, the books traces the way that ideas about national belonging shaped gay male identity in the nineteenth century, before showing that such a discourse was not available to women and lesbians, including the three women who form the core of the book. In addition to questions of sexually non-conforming identity, women's mediated claim to citizenship limited their autonomy in practical ways (for example, they could be unilaterally expatriated). Consequently, the situation of the denizen may have been preferable to that of the citizen for women who lived between the lines. Drawing on the discourse of jurisprudence, the history of the passport, and original archival research on all three women, the books tells the story of women's evolving claims to citizenship in their own right.

The History of the Libido's Development: Evidence From Freud's Case Studies

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Cotti
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Nous Pouvons ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wolf Man

Entre 1905 et 1911, une nouvelle perspective se fait lentement jour dans les écrits de Sigmund Freud. Une perspective qu'il considère comme ‘historique’ et nommera finalement ‘histoire du développement de la libido’ (Entwicklungsgeschichte der Libido) en 1911. En relisant L'Homme aux rats, Schreber et L'Homme aux loups nous pouvons comprendre la manière dont Freud, grâce à l'analyse de ces histoires de malades, repère les particularités de son ‘histoire du développement de la libido’ au coeur de la préhistoire infantile. Nous étudierons aussi la manière dont cette ‘histoire du développement de libido’, en fournissant une interprétation stéréotypée du matériel psychique, peut conduire à une réduction du mouvement même de l'analyse. Between 1905 and 1911 a perspective slowly appeared in Freud's works - a perspective which he considered ‘historical’ and which he eventually named ‘history of the libido's development’ (Entwicklungsgeschichte der Libido) in 1911. By reading again ‘The Rat Man’, ‘Schreber’ and ‘The Wolf Man’ we can understand how Freud, thanks to the analysis of his case histories, outlined the particularities of this ‘history of the libido's development’, which lies at the core of infantile prehistory. We will also study how this ‘history of the libido's development’, in providing a stereotyped interpretation of psychic material, could lead to a reduction of the very movement of the analysis.

scholarly journals STS and Enhancement Technologies – A Programme for Future Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-28
Author(s):  
Michael Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short History ◽  
Converging Technologies ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
Enhancement Technologies

The concept of human technological enhancement originated as a tool for the moral classification of technologies, but has since spilled over from ethical debates to become a site for prospective technology development as part of a ‘converging technologies’ agenda. To date, enhancement and the technologies labelled as ‘enhancing’ have been underserved by STS research. While case studies do exist, there has been a dearth of co-ordinated investigation. This paper proposes a systemic programme for STS research on enhancement technologies based on five key challenges posed by dominant conceptions of enhancement as a way of understanding technological development. After setting out this agenda, a short history of the enhancement debate is provided to illustrate the changing meanings of ‘enhancement’ across different contexts. Recognising the limitations of critique alone, particular emphasis is given to the possibilities for productive engagement by STS scholars with the domain of enhancement across its multiple manifestations.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of the Neotropical element of the Randia clade (Gardenieae, Rubiaceae, Gentianales)

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-469
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Lopes Borges ◽  
Sylvain G. Razafimandimbison ◽  
Nádia Roque ◽  
Catarina Rydin
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
The Core ◽  
Close Affinity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Geographic Distributions ◽  
Future Work

Background and aims – Generic limits of the tropical tribe Gardenieae (Ixoroideae, Rubiaceae) have partly remained unsettled. We produced a new phylogeny of the Randia clade, with emphasis on its Neotropical clade comprising five genera (Casasia, Randia, Rosenbergiodendron, Sphinctanthus, and Tocoyena). The result was subsequently used to evaluate and discuss: a) the respective monophyly of the above-mentioned genera and their interrelationships; b) relationships within Tocoyena and the evolutionary relevance of its subgeneric classification; and c) the monophyly of the morphologically variable T. formosa.Material and methods – We examined the phylogeny of the Randia clade based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of sequence data from two nuclear (ETS and Xdh) and two plastid (petB-petD and trnT-F) DNA regions from 59 individuals (including seven representatives from the remaining Ixoroideae).Key results – The Neotropical clade of the Randia clade comprises three major lineages, the Randia armata subclade, the Randia-Casasia subclade and the Rosenbergiodendron subclade. Neither Casasia nor Randia is monophyletic. Tocoyena is sister to Rosenbergiodendron + Sphinctanthus and is subdivided into three lineages: the Tocoyena pittieri group, the Tocoyena guianensis group, and the core Tocoyena. Tocoyena williamsii is paraphyletic with respect to T. pittieri. Tocoyena formosa is polyphyletic and should be re-circumscribed.Conclusions – Our results demonstrate the monophyly of each of the relatively species-poor genera Rosenbergiodendron, Sphinctanthus, and Tocoyena, and confirm their close affinity. The serial classification of Tocoyena does not reflect the evolutionary history of the genus. The paraphyly of T. williamsii with respect to T. pittieri, together with their morphological similarities and geographic distributions, support the inclusion of the former in the latter. Our study calls for additional phylogenetic work on Casasia and the more species-rich genus Randia. While the respective monophyly of both genera is rejected here, future work with a broader representation of Randia is needed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document