Quantum dots: Self-organized and self-limiting assembly

This article describes the self-organized and self-limiting assembly of quantum dots, with particular emphasis on III–V semiconductor quantum dots. It begins with a background on the second industrial revolution, highlighted by advances in information technology and which paved the way for the era of ‘quantum nanostructures’. It then considers the science and technology of quantum dots, followed by a discussion on methods of epitaxial growth and fabrication methodologies of semiconductor quantum dots and other supported nanostructures, including molecular beam epitaxy and metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. It also examines self-organization in Stranski–Krastanov systems, site control of quantum dots on patterned substrates, nanophotonics with quantum dots, and arrays of quantum dots.