Areality in Modality and Mood
This chapter surveys areal features in the range of modality and mood marking in two contact regions, viz. Europe and MSEA (mainland Southeast Asia), in the context of a discussion of general features and properties—language-internal and -external ones—of linguistic areality. It starts out with a general typology of individual borrowing processes affecting modality and mood markers. It then presents some convergence processes and discusses selected areal features of modals and mood markers in the linguistic area of Europe. And, more succinctly, it deals with MSEA, focusing on the case of “acquire-type” modals. The chapter concludes with some further reflections emerging from the discussion of modality and mood markers in Europe and MSEA on the role of language-external factors in the rise of linguistic areas.