Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Dahlström
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Commissions Of Inquiry ◽  
Referral Systems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Rational Process ◽  
Over Time

This chapter introduces the section on policy-making in Sweden. It starts from the observation that, at least for outside observers, Swedish policy-making has been portrayed as a rational process. Two features of Swedish policy-making have been particularly important for the emerging of the idea of a consensual and rational process. The first, and most well known, is the corporatist policy-making style, and the second feature is the commissions of inquiry and referral systems. Two other important characteristics of the Swedish policy process concern coordination and the creation of party-political support. The chapters in this section describe these four features of the Swedish policy-making process and pay special attention to changes over time.

Parliamentary Committees

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingvar Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Minority Government ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Swedish Politics ◽  
Opposition Parties

This chapter describes the role of the Swedish parliament, and parliamentary committees in particular, in the policy-making process. The role depends on the parliamentary situation: whether there is a majority government or minority government in power. In essence, the chapter shows that Parliament mainly approves governmental bills and seldom initiates legislation. It is an arena for both political conflict and consensus. Political negotiations between governmental parties and opposition parties occur in which the opposition has influence on parliamentary decisions in the policy process. Due to increased conflict between the two blocs in Swedish politics, the importance of the committees as grounds for negotiating compromises has, however, decreased.

3. The European Policy Process in Comparative Perspective

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alasdair R. Young
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Legislative Politics ◽  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Policy Feedback ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the European Union’s policy-making process with a comparative perspective. It outlines the stages of the policy-making process (agenda-setting, policy formation, decision-making, implementation, and policy feedback) and considers the prevailing approaches to analysing each of these stages. It also shows how these approaches apply to studying policy-making in the EU. Themes addressed in this chapter include policy-making and the policy cycle, the players in the policy process, executive politics, legislative politics, and judicial politics. The chapter argues that theories rooted in comparative politics and international relations can help elucidate the different phases of the EU’s policy process. It concludes by explaining why policy-making varies across issue areas within the EU.

THE DISABILITY POLICY MAKING PROCESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 559 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Paweł Kubicki ◽  
Adriana Mica ◽  
Mikołaj Pawlak
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disability Policy ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Public Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making Process

Our goal is to analyze the disability policy making process in Poland on the example of implementing the assumptions of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The key tool we use is the model of the five streams of the public policy process: problem, solutions, politics, process and program. In particular, we look at the role played by the movement of people with disabilities in this process. We claim that the weakness of the movements and the origins of activism of people with disabilities other than in Western countries makes the implementation of the Convention in Poland difficult and often ends in failure.

scholarly journals Using political science to progress public health nutrition: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2070-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Cullerton ◽  
Timothy Donnet ◽  
Amanda Lee ◽  
Danielle Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Nutrition Policy ◽  
High Income ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Public Health Nutrition ◽  
Policy Making Process

AbstractObjectivePoor dietary intake is the most important behavioural risk factor affecting health globally. Despite this, there has been little investment in public health nutrition policy actions. Policy process theories from the field of political science can aid understanding why policy decisions have occurred and identify how to influence ongoing or future initiatives. The present review aims to examine public health nutrition policy literature and identify whether a policy process theory has been used to analyse the process.DesignElectronic databases were searched systematically for studies examining policy making in public health nutrition in high-income, democratic countries.SettingInternational, national, state and local government jurisdictions within high-income, democratic countries.SubjectsIndividuals and organisations involved in the nutrition policy-making process.ResultsSixty-three studies met the eligibility criteria, most were conducted in the USA and a majority focused on obesity. The analysis demonstrates an accelerating trend in the number of nutrition policy papers published annually and an increase in the diversity of nutrition topics examined. The use of policy process theory was observed from 2003; however, it was utilised by only 14 % of the reviewed papers.ConclusionsThere is limited research into the nutrition policy process in high-income countries. While there has been a small increase in the use of policy process theory from 2003, an opportunity to expand its use is evident. We suggest that nutrition policy making would benefit from a pragmatic approach that ensures those trying to influence or understand the policy-making process are equipped with basic knowledge around these theories.

The Policymaking Process

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Rajesh Chakrabarti ◽  
Kaushiki Sanyal
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
The Media ◽  
Law Making

This introductory chapter is a scene setter, aimed at public policy scholars and practitioners alike. It provides an outline and brief description of the book and provides a background for its subject matter. It provides a dipstick literature review of the existing literature on social movements and external influences on the policy process. It summarizes the key theoretical models of policy making in the international literature for understanding the policy process and provides a brief review of the policy making process in India, as well as a description, in some detail, of the various stages of law-making in the country. The exposition of the various stages of law-making provides an overview of the influence that various stakeholders in the policy process—the media, judiciary, civil society, and so on—can exert in the process.

scholarly journals Strengthening the link between policy formulation and implementation of Indigenous health policy directions

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Matthews ◽  
Lisa R Jackson Pulver ◽  
Ian T Ring
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Government Level

This study aimed to understand the problems within the Indigenous health policy process in Australia and how weaknesses in the process impact on policy implementation. Using semistructured questions, 23 key stakeholders in the policy-making process were interviewed. Three main themes dominated; a need for increased Indigenous involvement in policy formulation at the senior Australian Government level, increased participation of Indigenous community-controlled health organisations in the policy-making process and, most importantly, ensuring that policies have the necessary resources for their implementation. The emergence of these specific themes demonstrated weaknesses in policy process from the formulation stage onward. Tackling these would, according to our informants, significantly enhance the effectiveness of the policy process and contribute to further improvement of the health of Indigenous Australians.

Institutional Development through Policy-Making: A Case Study of the Brazilian Central Bank

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Over Time

A number of contemporary studies rightly emphasize the notion that policy outcomes result from institutional determinants. But as a growing literature on institutional development notes, these institutions are themselves impermanent. Sometimes, in crisis moments, institutions are replaced wholesale. More frequently, institutions evolve gradually over time. using the Brazilian Central Bank as a case study, this article illustrates that the policy-making process itself can be a central driver of gradual institutional development, with institutions evolving through the accumulation of policy choices made over many years and under different policymakers in response to contemporaneous events and unforeseeable economic and political challenges.

scholarly journals Public engagement in the development of the National Health Insurance: a study involving patients from a central hospital in South Africa.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizeka Amanda Tandwa ◽  
Ames Dhai
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
P Value ◽  
Policy Making Process

Abstract Background The National Health Insurance (NHI) is a proposed health policy in South Africa that aims to change the structure of the health system. Public involvement in the legislation development process is a constitutional requirement in South Africa. Patients are key stakeholders in health policy processes and should to be engaged in NHI policy processes. In order for patients to be engaged, they need to be provided with relevant information and an opportunity to be involved in the policy-making process. Methods This was cross sectional study. Two hundred and forty-four patients from the follow-up clinics at the Department of Internal Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital in the Gauteng Province, South Africa. The patients were interviewed using a structured interview process, using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were run. Results The majority (79.51%) of the participants were not aware of the proposed National Health Insurance (NHI) in South Africa even though the NHI policy process commenced in 2011. Most of the participants (86%) who were aware of the NHI responded that they had not been provided with an opportunity to be involved in the policy making process of the NHI. The odds of awareness were higher for male (OR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.11 – 3.9, p value: 0.02) than female participants. The odds of awareness were higher for White (OR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.06 – 5.26, p value: 0.04) and Indian (OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 0.10 – 7.60, p value: 0.05) participants when compared to Black participants. The odds of awareness were higher for retired (OR: 3.13, 95% CI: 1.35 – 7.25, p value: 0.008) than unemployed participants. Conclusions The South African Department of Health cannot claim that they have met the constitutional requirement to involve the public in the setting of this study, since majority of the patients in this study were not aware of the NHI. This requirement is essential to the validity of the NHI policy process. Without the awareness and information about the NHI, patients are not equipped and cannot be involved in the NHI policy process in a meaningful way.

scholarly journals The sources for orthodox and heterodox trade and industrial policies in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN-ULRICH ROTHACHER
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Actors

ABSTRACT: The Brazilian government has over the past years promulgated a mix of orthodox and heterodox policies for Brazil's economic development. This paper seeks to test whether the existing economic ideas have been prescriptive in formulating the policies, or whether they have been the outcome of the "infusion of private interests" (Katzenstein, 1978) in the policy making process. To this end, the paper charts the origins of the unilateral opening for trade in the agribusiness and contrasts them with the policy process in the car industry, where trade barriers have been erected. The article will identify the channels through which private actors informed the government's interventions and show that the industry bodies have largely prodded the government. The resulting policy maze has left both the representatives of the orthodox as well those of the heterodox approach unsatisfied and has failed to halt Brazil's dwindling manufacturing capabilities.

Bridging the Gap: Science and Technology Policy in the (Bio)Engineering Classroom 

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Kuxhaus ◽  
Arthur J. Michalek ◽  
Stephen M. Martin ◽  
Jeremy L. Steinbacher
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Good News ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Bio Engineering

Abstract Engineers and scientists have a key role to play in the creation and implementation of government policy. Policymakers need access to the technical expertise that is critical to our national progress and security; however, this need is often overlooked by engineering students, faculty, and professionals. Even though a substantial fraction of scientists and engineers end up pursuing jobs in government, engineering curricula do not usually provide any background in policy and for many, the policy-making process remains a black box. The good news is that there are some simple ways to make it more accessible and to encourage increased involvement. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of the federal policy-making process and present a collection of classroom learning activities that link policy-making and implementation to science and engineering. These can easily be added to existing courses without wholesale curricular changes. We also suggest professional development activities for engineers at all stages of their careers and discuss ways for engineers to become involved in the policy process. Introducing learning and career development activities focused on science and engineering policy will better prepare engineers to provide needed technical expertise to policymakers. It may also encourage engineers to consider careers in local, state, and federal government.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document